Dance 3 (Ch. 16 Quiz)

Annually, about how many U.S. deaths can be attributed to smoking? - 1 in 10 - 1 in 3 - 4 in 5 - 1 in 5

- 1 in 5

Regular exercise can lower resting blood pressure ______%, which can significantly reduce the risk of hypertension. - less than 1 - 2-4 - 8-10 - 15-20

- 2-4

At what age should people begin having their cholesterol checked? - 45 - 15 - 20 - 30

- 20

An estimated ______ million Americans suffer from PAD. - 8 - 20 - 2 - 12

- 8

Smoking is considered the number-one risk factor for ______ that a person can control. - CVD - obesity - kidney stones - skin cancer

- CVD

DASH stands for ______ Approaches to Stop Hypertension. - Desperate - Detailed - Definitive - Dietary

- Dietary

Which statements accurately describe possible risk factors for cardiovascular disease? (Mark all that apply.) - Sudden cardiac deaths occur more often in the summer, possibly due to increased exertion in high-temperature, high-humidity weather. - Having more viscous (thicker) blood may increase the risk of CVD. - Low iron levels, especially heme iron, have been associated with heart attacks. - Heart attacks occur more frequently in the morning, possibly due to natural increases in adrenaline and nervous system activity.

- Having more viscous (thicker) blood may increase the risk of CVD. - Heart attacks occur more frequently in the morning, possibly due to natural increases in adrenaline and nervous system activity

Which of the following are ways in which smoking affects the cardiovascular system? (Mark all that apply.) - It causes platelets to stick together in blood. - It reduces the risk of clotting. - It reduces blood pressure and heart rate. - It damages the lining of the arteries. - It raises levels of triglycerides.

- It causes platelets to stick together in blood. - It damages the lining of the arteries. - It raises levels of triglycerides.

In which ways does exercise help reduce a person's risk for developing CVD? (Mark all that apply.) - It increases HDL levels. - It improves the condition of blood vessels. - It increases the risk of diabetes. - It increases LDL levels. - It helps decrease blood pressure.

- It increases HDL levels. - It improves the condition of blood vessels. - It helps decrease blood pressure.

How does exercise help reduce CVD risk? (Mark all that apply.) - It decreases blood flow. - It strengthens the heart muscle. - It increases LDL levels. - It contributes to weight loss. - It boosts HDL levels.

- It strengthens the heart muscle. - It contributes to weight loss. - It boosts HDL levels.

Replacing some animal protein with soy protein can help lower which of the following? - HDL cholesterol levels - white blood cell count - LDL cholesterol levels - blood platelet levels

- LDL cholesterol levels

Which of the following describes what happens in a cardiovascular accident (stroke)? - The blood supply to the brain is cut off and brain tissue dies. - The blood supply to the brain increases, as during exercise. - A blood clot moves through an artery into the lung. - A clot forms in one of the coronary arteries, creating blockage.

- The blood supply to the brain is cut off and brain tissue dies.

Which of the following statements are true about exercise and the risk of CVD? - The less that you exercise, the less likely you are to die from CVD. - The more exercise you get, the less likely you are to develop CVD. - Strength training has a negative effect on lipid levels and glucose metabolism. - Aerobic exercise is not effective in maintaining cardiovascular health.

- The more exercise you get, the less likely you are to develop CVD.

Which dietary changes can people make to lower their risk of developing cardiovascular disease? (Mark all that apply.) - achieving and maintaining a healthy weight - choosing only unsaturated fats - eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables - eating more fried foods - only drinking heavily on the weekends

- achieving and maintaining a healthy weight - choosing only unsaturated fats - eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables - avoiding excessive alcohol

How often should people over the age of 20 have their cholesterol checked? - every 6 months - at least every 10 years - every year - at least every 5 years

- at least every 5 years

What is the disease process that causes arteries to become clogged and narrowed? - atherosclerosis - cerebrovascular accident - hypertension - myocardial infarction

- atherosclerosis

Which conditions result from plaque build-up? (Mark all that apply.) - heart attack risk decreases - blood flows unimpeded - blood clots accumulate - arteries narrow - blood flow is restricted

- blood clots accumulate - arteries narrow - blood flow is restricted

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and - the cells. - large veins. - blood vessels. - both lungs.

- blood vessels

Which term is another word for a stroke? - cardiomyopathy - cerebrovascular accident - cardiovascular dysfunction - cerebrospinal tumor

- cerebrovascular accident

A heart attack occurs when what fails to deliver enough blood to the heart? - lung tissue - small veins - coronary arteries - capillary structure

- coronary arteries

Hypertension leads to _____. (Select all that apply.) - damage to the blood vessels - weakening of the heart - complications with breathing - loss of appetite

- damage to the blood vessels - weakening of the heart

True or false: Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are considered "good" cholesterol because they shuttle unused cholesterol back to the liver for recycling.

- false

Which of the following nutrients have been found to increase heart health? (Mark all that apply.) - folic acid - trans-fat - sucrose - vitamin B-6 - calcium

- folic acid - vitamin B-6 - calcium

Which types of foods does the DASH diet advocate eating? (Mark all that apply.) - foods low in fat - low-fat dairy products - foods high in fat - refined carbohydrates - fruits and vegetable

- foods low in fat - low-fat dairy products - fruits and vegetable

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a test to detect abnormalities by evaluating the electrical activity in the ______________.

- heart

Veins are vessels that carry blood to the - brain. - muscles. - heart. - lymph nodes.

- heart.

Which of the following are possible risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease? (Mark all that apply.) - high homocysteine levels - high levels of uric acid - high levels of dietary fiber - infectious agents

- high homocysteine levels - high levels of dietary fiber - infectious agents

What is "good" cholesterol? - low-density lipoproteins - porous cholesterol - a theoretical minimum amount of cholesterol needed by the body - high-density lipoproteins

- high-density lipoproteins

Non-smokers who are exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke ______ their risk of CVD. - decrease - increase - do not affect - negate

- increase

High blood pressure is a result of ______ output of blood by the heart or ______ resistance to blood flow in the arteries. - increased; decreased - decreased; decreased - decreased; increased - increased; increased

- increased; increased

People who have a family history of cardiovascular disease may be at greater risk of developing the disease, but ______________ factors, such as smoking, still play a large role.

- lifestyle

A heart attack is also known as a(n) ____________ infarction

- myocardial

What is atherosclerosis? - blockage of an artery, leading to pain in the affected limb - narrowing of the arteries by deposits of fat, cholesterol, and other substances - hardening of the arteries by calcium deposits - blockage of a coronary artery, leading to a heart attack

- narrowing of the arteries by deposits of fat, cholesterol, and other substances

When people experience stress, stress hormones activate the sympathetic ____________ system.

- nervous

Which symptoms can be caused by peripheral arterial disease (PAD)? (Mark all that apply.) - increased blood flow - increased tissue growth - obstructed blood flow - limited blood flow

- obstructed blood flow - limited blood flow

Which of the following are unhealthy ways of coping with stress? (Mark all that apply.) - overeating - smoking - eating vegetables - talking to friends - exercising

- overeating - smoking

Blood exerts __________ on the walls of the blood vessels. (Remember to type only one word in the blank.)

- pressure

The right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs in what is called - blood circulation. - pulmonary circulation. - systemic circulation. - systematic circulation.

- pulmonary circulation.

Which elements determine blood pressure? (Mark all that apply.) - heavy breathing - resistance of the blood vessels - redistribution of stomach acid - pumping action of the heart - activity of brain waves

- resistance of the blood vessels - pumping action of the heart

Which is an example of a problem that could be revealed by an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)? - irregular brain waves. - restricted blood flow. - restricted lung capacity. - poor digestion.

- restricted blood flow.

Between 40 million and 60 million Americans are at high risk for CVD, primarily because of their - gender. - active lifestyles. - eating habits. - sedentary lifestyles.

- sedentary lifestyles.

Which conditions are forms of cardiovascular disease that can be caused by hypertension? (Mark all that apply.) - cancer - strokes - tumors - obesity - heart attacks

- strokes - heart attacks

The left side of the heart pumps blood through the body in the _____________ circulation.

- systemic

Which feature allows arteries to expand and relax? - thin walls - one-celled walls - thick elastic walls - permeable walls

- thick elastic walls

If your parent or sibling develops coronary heart disease before the age of 65, you are ______ as likely to develop CHD yourself. - just - five times - half - twice

- twice