Database Chapter 1

A graphical system used to capture the nature and relationships data is called a(n): A. Hypertext graphic B. Data model C. XML data model D. relational database

A. Data model

Which of the following is software used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to databases? A. Database management system (DBMS) B. User view C. Attribute D. Network operating system

A. Database management system (DBMS)

Which of the following is NOT a cost and/or risk of the database approach? A. Improved responsiveness B. Cost of conversion C. Specialized personnel D. Organizational conflict

A. Improved responsiveness

An iterative methodology that rapidly repeats the analysis, design, and implementation phases of the SDLC is called: A. RAD B. MST C. CASE D. CAD

A. RAD

A physical schema contains the specifications for how data from a conceptual schema are stored in a computer's secondary memory. A. True B. False

A. True

Cost and complexity are just two of the disadvantages of database processing. A. True B. False

A. True

Data from prior systems is converted to new system during the implementation phase of the systems development life cycle. A. True B. False

A. True

Database architects establish standards for data in business units. A. True B. False

A. True

Databases were development as the first application of computers to data processing. A. True B. False

A. True

Prototyping is a type of rapid application development. A. True B. False

A. True

Redundancy increases the risk of inconsistent data. A. True B. False

A. True

Separation of metadata from application programs that use the data is called independence. A. True B. False

A. True

The data repository assists database administrators in enforcing standards. A. True B. False

A. True

Unplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than expectation in file processing systems. A. True B. False

A. True

A major difference between data warehouses and transactional system as compared to big data is: A. the data unstructured in big data systems B. the size of the CPU used C. the programming required to access data D. All of these

A. the data unstructured in big data systems

Languages, menus, and other facilities by which users interact with the database are collectively called a(n): A. user interface B. icon C. client D. development environment

A. user interface

______ do NOT concentrate on determining the requirements for the database component of an information system. A. End Users B. Database analysts C. System analysts D. Programmers

B. Database analysts

A constraint is a rule in a database system that can be violated by users. A. True B. False

B. False

Database processing programs are coded and tested during the design stage of the systems development life cycle. A. True B. False

B. False

Organizational commitment to a database project is not necessary for its success. A. True B. False

B. False

Repositories are always used in file processing systems. A. True B. False

B. False

System analysts work directly with both management and users to analyze the business situation and develop detailed project specifications. A. True B. False

B. False

The internal schema consists of the physical and the enterprise data model. A. True B. False

B. False

the relational data model is no longer popular in the 21st century. A. True B. False

B. False

Specifying how data from logical schema are stored in secondary memory is the part of the: A. analysis B. design C. implementation D. maintenance

B. design

Data that described the properties of other data are: A. relationships B. metadata C. physical D. logical

B. metadata

One of the most popular RAD method is: A. crafting B. prototyping C. structured walkthrough D. automated design

B. prototyping

All of the following primary purposes of a database management system (DBMS) EXCEPT: A. creating data B. providing an integrated development environment C. storing data D. updating data

B. providing an integrated development environment

Discuss big data and data warehousing. How is it different from operational systems.

Big data has a large volume and has complex data. Data warehousing is a data collection of historical data.

The period that can be considered a "proof of concept" time was the: A. 1990s B. 1950s C. 1960s D. 1970s

C. 1960s

The three-schema approach includes which of the following schemas? A. Dissecting B. Logical C. Internal D. Cross-functional

C. Internal

The traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems is called the: A. Enterprise Resource Model B. Systems Development Life Cycle C. System Development Life Cycle D. Unified Model

C. Systems Development Life Cycle

A centralized knowledge base of all data definition, data relationships, screen and report format, and other system components is called a(n): A. index B. database management system C. repository D. data warehouse

C. repository

A SDLC phase in which database processing programs are created is the _____ phase. A. planning B. design C. analysis D. implementation

D. Implementation

The need for consensus on data definitions is an example of which type of risk in the database environment? A. Specialized personnel needs B. Conversion costs C. Legacy systems D. Organizational conflict

D. Organizational conflict

A user view is: A. what a user sees when he or she looks out the window B. a table or set of tables C. a procedure stored on the server D. a logical description of some portion of the database

D. a logical description of some portion of the database

A person, place, object, event, or concept about which the organization wishes to maintain data is called a(n): A. attribute B. relationship C. object D. entity

D. entitiy

A knowledge base of information or facts about an enterprise is called a(n): A. database process B. enterprise information system C. systems information unit D. repository

D. repository

Discuss the differences between data and information

Data is raw facts and information is facts processed into useful context

Discuss some of the disadvantages of file processing systems.

The file processing system has the following major disadvantages:Data redundancy and inconsistency.Integrity Problems.Security ProblemsDifficulty in accessing data.Data isolation.a) Data redundancy and inconsistency:Data redundancy means duplication of data and inconsistency means that the duplicated values are different.b) Integrity problems:Data integrity means that the data values in the data base should be accurate in the sense that the value must satisfy some rules.c) Security Problem:Data security means prevention of data accession by unauthorized users.d) Difficulty in accessing data:Difficulty in accessing data arises whenever there is no application program for a specific task.e) Data isolation:This problem arises due to the scattering of data in various files with various formats. Due to the above disadvantages of the earlier data processing system, the necessity for an effective data processing system arises. Only at that time the concept of DBMS emerges for the rescue of a large number of organizations.

Discuss why alternative IS development approaches have evolved, and provide an overview of these methodologies.

There are alternatives procedures that may improve when they change to increase efficiency, lower cost and of better quality. there are so many methods, including SDLC, prototyping, and outsourcing.

Discuss some of the costs associated with the database approach.

hardware, backup, recovery protocols, and conversion costs.