Database Management Systems Final Exam

A difference between a list box and a combo box is ___.

A combo box allows the user to enter a value that is not in the list, which is not allowed in a list box

Which human factors are important to consider when designing forms?

* User Control--> match user effects, application responds to user control and events * Consistency--> Layout, designs, colors * Clarity--> organization, purpose, technology * Aestethics--> art to enhance graphics and sounds * Feedback--> visual, audio, text *Forgivness--> anticipation and correction of errors, confirmation on delete and updates, backup and recovery

Sub-form

A form that is inserted into another form Type of form used to display one to many relationships

Subquery

A query that is embedded (or nested) inside another query. Also known as a nested query or an inner query. - used in one to many relationships

What are the three basic tasks of a query language?

1. Define the database 2. Change the data 3. Retrieve the data

In running queries that produce duplicate rows, the keyword used to eliminate the duplicates from the output is GROUP BY UNIQUE DISTINCT REDUCE ONLY

DISTINCT

Which of the following is not a basic form control used by DBMS? Check box Text box Data field Correct answer Radio button

Data Field

Group Header

Data for a group and headings for the detail section

Detail

Innermost data

Missing data in a database is referenced as _____ in a query. None of the above Is Null =Null Equal to a blank string Is Missing

Is Null

What is the SQL syntax for joining two tables?

JOIN

To handle simple pattern matching tasks SQL provides the _______ command. SIMILAR TO COMPARE SAME AS REDUCE LIKE

LIKE

What are the main controls you can use on forms?

Label, Text Box, Drop Down List or Combo box, list box, option button, check box, command button, option group, picture, unbound object, subform, line, bound object

To sort a list totals from high to low, use the SQL phrase SORT BY totals DESC ORDER BY totals SORT BY totals ORDER BY totals DESC ORDER BY totals TOP

ORDER BY totals DESC

Copying attributes from a form led to an initial design of: MeetingSchedule(PersonID, Name, Title, (Date/Time, Contact, Phone, Reason))Parentheses indicate a repeating section. This design can be converted to 1NF as:

MeetingSchedule(PersonID, Name, Title) + Reason(PersonID, Date/Time, Contact, Phone, Reason)

If you wanted to ensure that the title and project name is printed on the top of every page, this information would be placed in ___. Report header None of the above Detail header Title header Page header

Page Header

Report Footer

Printed one time at the end of the report. Summary notes, overall totals and graphs for entire data set

If you want to include some introductory material for your report which is only printed once at the front of the document, it would be placed in the ___. None of the above Title header Preamble Page header Report header

Report Header

What is the outline of the report layout?

Report Header, Page Header, Group Header, Detail, Group Footer, Page Footer, Report Footer

Using the basic SQL commands, the desired output columns are listed after which phrase/keyword: FROM GROUP BY WHERE SELECT JOIN

SELECT

FROM

SQL command used to specify the tables used in the query- what tables are involved?

Using common assumptions, which of the following columns would NOT depend on CustomerID? Phone number Last name Birth date Age Sale date

Sale Date

What is the basic structure of the SQL SELECT command?

Select column one from table 1, this command retrieves columns from a specific table

What are the basic SQL data definition commands?

Select--> what do you want to see, selecting columns From --> What tables are involved, from tables Join--> how are the tables joined Where(criteria)--> What are the constraints

When designing a database table, computed values. Should be included in the database table only if it is not possible to convince the users that they are unnecessary. Should be created and stored in separate tables. Should not be stored. None of the above Should be created stored in the same table as the underlying data along with computations created in forms.

Should not be stored.

SQL

Structured Query Language- retrieves and updates data in tables and views (manipulates RDBs)

Group Footer

Subtotals for the group

What are the main report types?

Tabular Labels Groups Subtotal

What are the primary form types?

Tabular, Single Row, Sub-forms, Switchboard

What is the difference between the WHERE and HAVING clauses? Give an example of how each would be used.

The WHERE clause specifies the criteria which individual records must meet to be selected by a query. It can be used without the GROUP BY clause. The HAVING clause cannot be used without the GROUP BY clause. The WHERE clause selects rows before grouping. The HAVING clause selects rows after grouping. The WHERE clause cannot contain aggregate functions. The HAVING clause can contain aggregate functions.

Which of the following is not a common issue to consider when designing a report? User familiarity and acceptance of Web technologies Graphics design such as typeface, whitespace, and color Total number of print copies needed Paper size The number of people who will read each copy of a report.

The number of people who will read each copy of a report.

IN

allows you to easily test if an expression matches any value in a list of values

HAVING

comes right after GROUP BY to query the database based on a specified condition

query by example (QBE)

database query language for relational databases- user interface that simplifies SQL procedures

Tabular Form

enables users to update multiple rows in a table at once from a single page displays data in rows and columns, limits horizontal scrolling

JOIN

how are the tables joined?- conditions

Page Footer

printed at the bottom of every page-- page totals or page numbers and notes

INNER JOIN

selects all rows from both tables as long as there is a match between the columnscreates a new table by combining rows that have matching values in 2 or more tables

What is a subquery and in what situations is it useful?

smaller queriers that are integrated together to build a final query

What is the SQL UNION command and when is it useful?

to combine the data from the result of two or more SELECT command queries into a single distinct result set.

Which of the following is not one of the basic questions that need to be addressed to write a query? What output do you want to see? What do you already know? What tables are involved? How are the tables joined? How many rows will be returned?

How many rows will be returned?

Customer(CustomerID, FirstName, LastName, Address, City, State, ZIPCode) Sale(SaleID, SaleDate, CustomerID) SaleItems(SaleID, ItemID, Quantity) Item(ItemID, Description, ListPrice, QuantityOnHand) 1NF None of the above 3NF 5NF 2NF

3NF

Constraint

AND

When writing SQL WHERE conditions, combining conditions with which operator will tend to reduce the number of matching rows returned? NOT parentheses ( ... ) OR JOIN AND

AND

Accessibility

Accessibility in a database management system refers to how easily and securely users can access, retrieve, and interact with data in the system. It involves controlling who can access the database, how they access it, and under what permissions or conditions.

Switchboard(DBMS)

Acts as a directory for the application

What needs to be done for converting one-to-many relationships? Create a new table Split the table to two new tables Add primary key from the one-side as a foreign key to the many-side table Add primary key from the many-side as a foreign key to the one-side table Combine both tables into one

Add primary key from the one-side as a foreign key to the many-side table

Single-row form

An input form that displays data from one row of a table at a time. The most common input form, since the designer has full control over the layout of the form. Focuses on several attributes for a single object at one time

Match the terms with the definitions

Database Correct: A collection of data stored in a standardized format, designed to be shared by multiple users Database Management System Correct: Software that defines a database, stores the data, supports a query language, produces reports, and creates data entry screens Data Normalization Correct: Process of defining tables properly to provide flexibility, minimize data redundancy and ensure data integrity Relational Database Correct: A collection of tables Primary Key Correct: Uniquely identifies a row (one-to-one)

What are the primary sections of reports?

Detail, Group Header/Footer, Page Header/Footer, and Report Header/Footer

What is the purpose of the DISTINCT operator?

Eliminates Duplicates from the output

Match the key terms to their definitions

Entity Correct: Something in the real world that we wish to describe or track Class Correct: Description of an entity, that includes its attributes and behavior Object/Record Correct: One instance of a class with specific data Attribute Correct: A characteristic or descriptor of a class or entity Method Correct: A function that is performed by the class

Which SQL command is used to specify the tables used in the query? WHERE None of the above FROM SOURCE TABLES

FROM

A primary key must always be a single column in a table. True False

False

Database tables designed and normalized for one business will usually work just as well for other businesses using a similar application. True False

False

The main normalization issues 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF are all that are needed to define database tables correctly. True False

False

The main types of reports include all of the following except: Financial Subtotal Labels Tabular Group

Financial

What are the uses for forms and reports

Forms * Collect data Display query results Display analysis and Computations Switchboard for other Forms and Reports Direct Manipulation of Objects Reports Format and Display Data Present Results from complex analysis Summary data, graphs, and total forms for getting data in, reports for presenting data out

The tool which assists in generating input screens is referred to as ___. Data dictionary None of the above. Report generator Input screen tool Forms generator

Forms Generator

Page header

Title lines or page notes that are printed at the top of every page

Report header

Title pages that are printed one time for the entire report

Class diagrams uses boxes as classes that hold the entity attributes which will become columns in the database tables. True False

True

Without a database management system, an application needs to store data in custom file formats that make it harder for other applications to use the same data. True False

True

What basic question is addressed with the SQL keyword WHERE? How are the tables connected together What tables are involved What do you already know (or what constraints are given) What output do you want to see How many rows will be returned?

What do you already know (or what constraints are given)

What are the four questions used to create a query?

What output do you want to see What tables are involved How are the tables joined together What do you already know(or what constraints are given)

UNION

used to combine the data from the result of 2 or more SELECT command queries into a single distinct result set

GROUP BY

used to group any rows of a column with the same value stored in them, based on a function specified in the statement

ORDER BY

used to sort the result set in ascending/descending order

DISTINCT

used with SELECT to eliminate all duplicate records and fetching only unique records

WHERE

what do you already know (or what constraints are given)- criteria

SELECT

what do you want to see?- columns

Using the basic SQL commands, a condition of the form SaleDate > 'May 1, 2014' will return all sales that took place between the date the query is run and May 1, 2014. will not run because inequality conditions are not allowed for dates. will return all sales that took place on or after May 1, 2014. will return rows where the sale took place after May 1, 2014. will return rows where the sale took place before May 1, 2014.

will return rows where the sale took place after May 1, 2014.