Davis Advantage- Chapter 24: Endocrine

A patient's parathyroid glands were damaged. What signs and symptoms does the nurse expect? Select all that apply. -Tetany -Chvostek's sign -Trousseau's sign -Low serum calcium -Tingling sensation

-Chvostek's sign -Trousseau's sign -Low serum calcium -Tingling sensation

Which of the following hormones are not altered in a pheochromocytoma? -Cortisol -Aldosterone -Epinephrine -Norepinephrine -Adrenal androgens

-Cortisol -Aldosterone -Adrenal androgens

Which of the following conditions are due to a hormone excess? Select all that apply. -Cushing's syndrome -Grave's disease -Addison's disease -Giantism -Hashimoto's thyroiditis

-Cushing's syndrome -Grave's disease -Giantism

Please place the following sequences in order to describe how iodine deficiency may lead to a goiter. -Decreased thyroid hormone synthesis -Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion -Decreased iodine in diet -Increased thyroid growth -Decreased negative feedback on anterior pituitary

-Decreased iodine in diet -Decreased thyroid hormone synthesis -Decreased negative feedback on anterior pituitary -Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion -Increased thyroid growth

A patient with Addison's disease is at increased risk for an adrenal crisis. Which of the following does the nurse need to be aware of the patient developing? Select all that apply. -Hyponatremia -Hyperkalemia -Hyperglycemia -Polycythemia -Elevated stress response

-Hyponatremia -Hyperkalemia

A patient is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following would support this diagnosis? Select all that apply. -Increased plasma osmolarity -Increased plasma ADH levels -Increased urine concentration -Dehydration and fluid volume deficit -Dilutional hyponatremia

-Increased plasma ADH levels -Increased urine concentration -Dilutional hyponatremia

A patient has a tumor that compresses the posterior pituitary. Which hormones are likely affected? Select all that apply. -Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) -Growth hormone (GH) -Oxytocin -Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) -Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

-Oxytocin -Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A nursing student is reviewing signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Which of the following should she include on her list? Select all that apply. -Weight loss -Tachycardia -Lethargy -Tremors -Cold intolerance

-Weight loss -Tachycardia -Tremors

A nursing student asks whether there is a difference between Cushing's disease versus Cushing's syndrome. Which laboratory value can help differentiate Cushing's disease from Cushing's syndrome? A. Elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) B. Elevated cortisol C. Decreased cortisol D. Elevated epinephrine

A. Elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Laboratory values for a patient reveal elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and elevated serum calcium levels. What condition is most likely? A. Primary hypoparathyroidism B. Primary hyperparathyroidism C. Secondary hyperparathyroidism D. Primary hyperthyroidism

B. Primary hyperparathyroidism

A patient has been diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following is the correct approach by the nurse? A. Frequently encourage the patient to drink water. B. Restrict fluid intake. C. Wait to see whether the patient stabilizes before any interventions. D. Plan to administer an IV for fluid restoration.

B. Restrict fluid intake.

A patient has a hyperfunctioning adrenal cortex tumor. Which of the following will the nurse expect to observe? A. Hypotension B. Suppressed adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels C. Suppressed cortisol levels D. Weight loss

B. Suppressed adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels

A nursing student notices elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on laboratory values, along with low thyroxine levels. What is the proper interpretation of the results? A. The patient has secondary hypothyroidism. B. The patient has primary hypothyroidism. C. The patient has hyperfunctioning of the anterior pituitary. D. The patient has Grave's disease.

B. The patient has primary hypothyroidism.

The following image shows a man who experienced excess growth hormone (GH) in adulthood. Which term should the nurse use in the patient's file? A. Giantism B. Cushing's syndrome C. Acromegaly D. Hyperthyroidism

C. Acromegaly

A patient has a parathyroid gland disorder. Which supplement may be needed? A. Potassium B. Sodium C. Calcium D. Iron

C. Calcium

An order for a 24-hour urine collection has appeared. Which hormone is most likely being assessed? A. Oxytocin B. Thyroid stimulating hormone C. Cortisol D. Thyroxine

C. Cortisol

A patient is given an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulation test. Which of the following results will confirm hypofunctioning of the adrenal gland? A. Elevated ACTH B. Suppressed corticotropin releasing factor C. Cortisol levels less than expected D. Suppressed thyroid hormone levels

C. Cortisol levels less than expected

A dexamethasone suppression test is performed on a patient. The diagnosis is Cushing's syndrome. What was the result of the dexamethasone test? A. Cortisol levels were suppressed. B. Catecholamine levels remained elevated. C. Cortisol remained elevated. D. Catecholamine levels were suppressed.

C. Cortisol remained elevated.

A female patient appears at the clinic complaining that she "looks different." She states that her face is more rounded than normal, she has abnormal hair growth, and she feels like she gained fat around her back. What condition does the clinician suspect? A. Pheochromocytoma B. Hyperthyroidism C. Cushing's syndrome D. Addison's disease

C. Cushing's syndrome

In the image, the person on the left has increased height, while the person on the right is a normal size. Which of the following apply to the person on the left? A. Hypofunctioning of posterior pituitary B. Hyperfunctioning of posterior pituitary C. Hypofunctioning of anterior pituitary D. Hyperfunctioning of anterior pituitary

D. Hyperfunctioning of anterior pituitary

A patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis is being given levothyroxine. The patient wants to know how the medication works. Which of the following responses is correct for the nurse to make? A. Levothyroxine blocks excess thyroid hormones. B. Levothyroxine stimulates thyroid receptors. C. Levothyroxine blocks the antibodies that cause Hashimoto's thyroiditis. D. Levothyroxine replaces missing thyroid hormone

D. Levothyroxine replaces missing thyroid hormone

A 24-hour urine collection reveals very elevated catecholamine levels. What may account for these results? A. Parathyroid gland tumor B. Anterior pituitary tumor C. Adrenal cortex tumor D. Pheochromocytoma

D. Pheochromocytoma

Which of the following conditions may present with low cortisol and elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) serum values? A. Addison's disease B. Cushing's syndrome C. Pheochromocytoma D. Hyperparathyroidism

A. Addison's disease

A patient needs a screening of anterior pituitary hormone functioning. Which hormone should not be included in the evaluation? A. Antidiuretic hormone B. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) C. Growth hormone D. Follicle-stimulating hormone

A. Antidiuretic hormone

Which of the following is shown in this image? A. Exophthalmos B. Periorbital edema C. Bell's palsy D. Enophthalmos

A. Exophthalmos

In a patient suspected of having an endocrine disorder, which of the following diagnostic options may be considered first? A. Immunoassay of blood hormone levels B. Computed tomography (CT) scan C. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) D. Antibody testing

A. Immunoassay of blood hormone levels

A patient presents with hyperthyroidism. Which of the following values enables the clinician to rule out secondary hyperthyroidism? A. Low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) B. Elevated thyroxine C. Low thyrotropic releasing hormone (TRH) D. Elevated T3 levels

A. Low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Hyperpituitarism is most commonly caused by which of the following? A. Prolactinoma B. Autoimmune disorder C. Congenital defect D. Sheehan syndrome

A. Prolactinoma

A patient has very low cortisol levels. Which of the following tests may be appropriate? A. Dexamethasone suppression test B. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulation test D. Dexamethasone activation test

B. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test

A patient with a traumatic brain tumor suffered a pituitary apoplexy. Which of the following does the nurse expect to encounter? A. Patient with limited signs and symptoms B. Blood laboratory values revealing elevated growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), thyrotropic releasing hormone (TRH) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) C. Hyperfunctioning of thyroid and adrenal gland D. Increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) blood levels

B. Blood laboratory values revealing elevated growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), thyrotropic releasing hormone (TRH) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)

A patient suffering for diabetes insipidus is given antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The result is increased fluid retention and decreased urine output. Which of the following conditions does the patient have? A. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus B. Central diabetes insipidus C. Diabetes mellitus D. Syndrome of inappropriate diabetes insipidus (SIADH)

B. Central diabetes insipidus

A patient with diabetes insipidus will likely have which of the following laboratory values? A. Elevated blood glucose B. Elevated plasma osmolarity C. Elevated urine osmolarity D. Elevated urine retention

B. Elevated plasma osmolarity

An antibody test is ordered for an endocrine disorder. Which of the following conditions is commonly diagnosed by antibody test results? A. Multiple endocrine neoplasia B. Grave's disease C. Pheochromocytoma D. Cushing's syndrome

B. Grave's disease

A patient suffering from severe stress and anorexia has the following laboratory values, which are all low: gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). Which tissue is likely dysfunctional? A. Adrenal cortex B. Hypothalamus C. Posterior pituitary D. Anterior pituitary

B. Hypothalamus

A patient is treated for central diabetes insipidus. Which statement by the patient indicates that the treatment is working? A. I am going to the bathroom more now than ever. B. I don't feel as thirsty, and I am not drinking as much. C. I drink 1 L of water several times and day, and still it is not enough. D. I feel dehydrated all the time.

B. I don't feel as thirsty, and I am not drinking as much.

A patient had to have surgery to remove a parathyroid gland tumor. What location of the body should the nurse help prepare for surgery? A. Superior abdomen B. Neck C. Mediastinum D. Near adrenal glands

B. Neck

A patient has a hyperfunctioning tumor of the parathyroid gland. Which of the following conditions may the patient be most at risk for? A. Coronary event B. Osteoporosis C. Severe weight loss D. Acromegaly

B. Osteoporosis

Which of the following individuals would a nurse be most concerned about with respect to the development of Sheehan's syndrome? A. 15-year-old male B. Postpartum woman C. Young child with growth delay D. Postmenopausal woman

B. Postpartum woman

A patient presents with a strange complaint of "I am more tan than ever. I am seldom out in the sun, but I look so tan." Which laboratory values may be evaluated? A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) B. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) C. Growth hormone (GH) D. Epinephrine

B. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Please indicate on the figure the step in which elevated T4 levels would decrease further stimulatory signals from the pituitary gland.

Between brain and hypothalamus

Reviewing a patient's chart, a nurse notes the presence of acromegaly. Which of the following is likely to be present when the nurse assesses the patient? A. Increased stature B. Cold intolerance C. Overgrowth of jaw, hands D. Galactorrhea

C. Overgrowth of jaw, hands

A patient is displaying signs and symptoms of an endocrine disorder. The patient also complains of headaches and visual disturbances. Which of the following tissues will likely require further evaluation? A. Parathyroid B. Thyroid C. Pituitary D. Adrenal cortex

C. Pituitary

A patient presents with secondary hyperthyroidism. Which of the following values does the nurse expect to see reduced on the chart? A. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) B. Thyroxine C. Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) D. Triiodothyronine

C. Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)

A patient's laboratory results reveal elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol with lower-than-normal corticotropic releasing factor (CRF). Which tissue is likely the cause of the patient's endocrine disorder? A. Hypothalamus B. Adrenal cortex C. Posterior pituitary D. Anterior pituitary

D. Anterior pituitary

Which of the following is the number one cause of adrenal insufficiency? A. Corticosteroid usage B. Radiation therapy C. Pituitary tumor D. Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal gland

D. Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal gland