DE US History - Ch. 26

The costliest battle in the history of the United States Marines Corps was A. Battle of Iwo Jima B. Battle of Leyte Gulf C. Battle of Okinawa D. Battle of Midway E. Battle of Guadalcanal

A. Battle of Iwo Jima

In 1943, the country pressed for an immediate Allied invasion of France against Germany was A. Soviet Union B. China C. Great Britain D. U.S. E. Canada

A. Soviet Union

In 1943, to simplify tax collections, Congress enacted A. automatic payroll deductions B. a short form for paying income taxes C. a sales tax D. a flat tax E. an earned income tax credit

A. automatic payroll deductions

During WWII, all of the following were advances in intelligence-gathering EXCEPT the A. creation of the Enigma machine for coded communications B. introduction of punched-hole card technology C. creation of the first programmable, digital computer D. breaking of the German codes early in the war E. breaking of Japanese codes before American entry into the war

A. creation of the Enigma machine for coded communications

During WWII, the labor force of the U.S. A. saw fifteen million people leave civilian labor for the armed forces B. saw the supply of civilian labor decline by 25 percent C. was forced to contend with a large labor surplus D. All the answers are correct E. None of the answers are correct

A. saw fifteen million people leave civilian labor for the armed forces

During WWII, American women who worked outside the home A. tended to be older than women who worked in the past B. were barred from unions C. were not allowed to have children under the age of three in their care D. all the answers are correct E. none of the answers are correct

A. tended to be older than women who worked in the past

The 1944 Battle of Leyte Gulf A. was the largest naval engagement in history B. saw Japanese forces sink four American aircraft carriers C. was the only time German and Japanese naval sources fought together D. included the American capture of Okinawa E. resulted in the American capture of Tinian, Guam, and Saipan

A. was the largest naval engagement in history

In 1943, the "zoot-suit riots" in Los Angeles A. resulted from tensions between the African-American and Mexican-American communities B. led the city to prohibit the wearing of zoot suits C. began when off-duty Mexican-American soldiers refused to wear their military uniforms D. All the answers are correct E. None of the answers are correct

B. led the city to prohibit the wearing of zoot suits

During WWII, Germany held the technological edge over the Allies in A. centimetric radar B. rocket-propelled bombs C. ocean mine detection D. aircraft bombers E. intelligence gathering

B. rocket-propelled bombs

In April 1945, American and British forced halted their advance on Germany at the Elbe River A. because their supply lines had become overextended B. to wait for the Russian army to arrive C. due to fierce German resistance D. at the announcement that President Franklin Roosevelt had died E. because all bridges over the river had been destroyed

B. to wait for the Russian army to arrive

In 1942, the United States and Mexico agreed to the braceros program which A. increased the number of Mexican immigrants the U.S. would accept as new citizens B. allowed U.S. businesses to establish war production factories in Mexico C. admitted Mexican contract laborers into the U.S. for a limited time D. accepted Mexican citizens in the United States armed forces E. eliminated the tariff on goods produced in Mexico

C. admitted Mexican contract laborers into the U.S. for a limited time

During WWII, the U.S. military A. used quotas to limit the number of black servicemen in the military B. excluded blacks from combat duty C. began to relax its practices of racial segregation D. allowed blacks into all branches of the military for the first time E. doubled the number of black servicemen to 200,000

C. began to relax its practices of racial segregation

During WWII, the Allied development of the Gee navigation system A. was first used in the last months of the war B. sent a sonic message telling pilots they were in range of their targets C. used electronic pulses to plot course location D. proved ineffective at sea E. raised the accuracy rate of night-bombing raids to 30 percent

C. used electronic pulses to plot course location

During WWII, the National Defense Research Committee A. by 1941, had pushed the U.S. into a position of technological superiority over Germany B. funded less research than its predecessor had during WWI C. was headed by a scientist who was a pioneer in the development of the computer D. concentrated its work on developing an atomic bomb E. received more private funding than government money

C. was headed by a scientist who was a pioneer in the development of the computer

The Battle of the Bulge A. began in the spring of 1945 B. saw the American army drive deep into Germany C. was the last major battle of the western front D. all the answers are correct E. none of the answers are correct

C. was the last major battle of the western front

In mid-1945, evidence of Japan's desperation to continue war included A. sending thousands of pilots on suicide missions B. nighttime attacks by Japanese troops against American lines C. the loss of over 100,000 Japanese lives at Okinawa D. all are correct E. none are correct

D. all are correct

During WWII, American shoppers A. faced many shortages of consumer goods B. made consumerism a powerful force in society C. had more money to spend than they had the decade before D. all the answers are correct E. none of the answers are correct

D. all the answers are correct

In February 1945, an Allied bombing attack on Dresden, Germany A. destroyed 75% of the previously undamaged City B. killed approximately 135,000 people C. resulted in mostly civilian casualties D. all the answers are correct E. none of the answers are correct

D. all the answers are correct

During WWII, the War Production Board A. was maintained under the spices of the Department of Labor B. was directed by Roosevelt all Leon Henderson C. had complete control over military purchases D. favored large over small contractors E. won support of small business

D. favored large over small contractors

After 1943, the United States advanced on Japan primarily with the aid of forces from A. England and France. B. the Soviet Union and China. C. the Dutch and the Soviet Union. D. England and the Soviet Union. E. Australia and New Zealand.

E. Australia and New Zealand.

In February 1944, American naval forces won a series of victories in the Marshall islands under the command of A. Dwight Eisenhower B. Douglas MacArthur C. Omar Bradley D. Joseph Stilwell E. Chester Nimitz

E. Chester Nimitz

Between 1939 and 1945, the federal budget of the U.S. A. halved B. doubled C. tripled D. rose five-fold E. rose ten-fold

E. rose ten-fold

During WWII, American indians A. saw government war contracts bring a higher standard of living to many reservations B. were excluded from military service C. were pushed out of white society and back onto the reservations D. saw war work spread to almost every Indian reservation in the United States E. saw the war effort undermine efforts to revitalize tribal traditions

E. saw the war effort undermine efforts to revitalize tribal traditions

A significant issue in the 1944 election was A. America's relationship with the Soviet Union B. corruption charges involving the White House C. the strategy of the war D. civil rights E. the domestic money

E. the domestic money

In 1942, the U.S. interned Japanese Americans in "relocation centers," A. all of the affected Japanese were American citizens B. the West Coast of the United States was not an important military region C. all of those affected were first-generation Japanese immigrants D. the move was protested by California Attorney General Earl Warren E. there was no evidence that the Japanese Americans were a domestic security risk

E. there was no evidence that the Japanese Americans were a domestic security risk

(T/F): The war effort led military leaders to largely ignore the presence of homosexual men and women serving in the ranks.

False

(T/F): Despite the power of prewar isolationism, there was a large degree of unity once the United States was involved in World War II

True

(T/F): Harry Truman did not know of the existence of the Manhattan Project at the time that he became president.

True

(T/F): The 1944 presidential campaign revolved primarily around domestic, rather than foreign, policy issues.

True

(T/F): The Allied invasion of Sicily led to the collapse of the Mussolini government.

True

(T/F): The U.S. government consistently resisted calls to make an Allied effort to save Jews caught in the Holocaust.

True

(T/F): The federal government's budget in 1945 had increased more than ten-fold from 1939.

True

(T/F): World War II gave a great boost to union membership, even though the government extracted "no-strike" pledges from unions for the duration of the war.

True

In 1945, the first atomic explosion took place in A. Hiroshima, Japan B. Bikini Islands C. Alamogordo, New Mexico D. the Salt Lake desert in Utah E. Oak Ridge, Tennessee

C. Alamogordo, New Mexico

(T/F): During World War II, around 6 million Americans joined the armed forces.

False

(T/F): American intelligence broke the Japanese coding system prior to Pearl Harbor.

True

All of the following statements regarding the internment of Japanese Americans in the U.S. during WWII are true EXCEPT A. the U.S. government had never admitted wrongdoing B. the order for internment was upheld by Supreme Court in 1944 C. most of those interned lost all their property and possessions D. the internment camps were essentially prisons E. the relocation centers offered subpar schools and minimal medical care

A. the U.S. government had never admitted wrongdoing

Over the course of WWII, inflation in the U.S. A. remained low before 1941 B. was much less serious a problem than during WWI C. was largely uncontrolled by the federal government D. was at its highest in the last year of the war E. was less a concern during the war than fears of deflation

B. was much less serious a problem than during WWI

During WWII, the effectiveness of German U-boats and underwater mines was ended by the development of A. acoustic countermeasures B. sonar C. centimetric radar D. All the answers are correct E. None of the answers are correct

D. All the answers are correct

(T/F): African Americans' strategy for social and economic improvement during World War II was to gain favor with the Roosevelt administration rather than make demands of it.

False

(T/F): At the start of World War II, black leaders carried out a massive march on Washington to call attention to racial discrimination.

False

(T/F): Near the end of World War II, American, British, and Russian troops battled Nazi troops in the streets of Berlin.

False

(T/F): The Allied introduction of an "acoustic" mine was a major advance in naval warfare.

False

(T/F): The Soviet Union favored the Allied African campaign as a way to divert German resources from the eastern front.

False

(T/F): The United States was preparing to drop an atomic bomb on Germany when it surrendered.

False

(T/F): The braceros program allowed Mexicans to enter the United States and become citizens if they agreed to work in war plants for the duration of the war.

False

(T/F): The dropping of the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was followed by the firebombing of Tokyo.

False

(T/F): Britain and the Soviet Union were not in agreement on where to strike at the Nazis.

True

(T/F): By the end of 1942, Allied technology had caught up with that of Germany and Japan.

True

(T/F): Congress abolished both the Civilian Conservation Corps and the Works Progress Association during World War II.

True

(T/F): In June 1942, the United States gained control of the central Pacific with the Battle of Midway.

True

(T/F): Many employers used domestic analogies to recruit women for industrial labor.

True

(T/F): Native American languages were useful in American military communications.

True

(T/F): Congress enacted a system of automatic tax withholding through payroll deductions as a wartime measure.

True

(T/F): Germany's rocket-propelled bombs caused more psychological harm than actual damage in England.

True

(T/F): When President Truman ordered the use of the atomic bomb he believed he was making a simple military decision.

True

In August 1945, the primary reason the U.S. dropped a second atomic bomb on Japan was because A. the Japanese did not immediately surrender after the first bomb was dropped B. the Soviet Union announced it would not enter into war against Japan C. the Japanese government announced that the U.S. had only one atomic bomb D. the emperor of Japan asked the U.S. for more time to consider surrender E. the emperor of Japan declared that his country would fight to the death

A. the Japanese did not immediately surrender after the first bomb was dropped

(T/F): During the 1944 presidential campaign, Franklin Roosevelt was gravely ill.

True

Throughout WWII, in organized American Labor A. no major union went on strike B. "wildcat" strikes were quite common C. unions accepted a freeze on wages until the war ended D. many states passed laws expanding the influence of unions E. opposition to strikes was led by the influential United Mines Workers

B. "wildcat" strikes were quite common

The Allied decisions that delayed an invasion of France A. left the Soviet Union deeply embittered B. put the Soviet Union in a better position to control eastern Europe C. occurred after the Soviet Union had won a significant victory in Stalingrad D. all the answers are correct E. none of the answers are correct

D. All the answers are correct

The Smith-Connally Act of 1943 A. was opposed by President Franklin Roosevelt B. authorized the president to seize a war factory where workers had gone on strike C. passed as a result of actions taken by the United Mine Workers D. All the answers are correct E. None of the answers are correct

D. All the answers are correct

Casualties in WWII A. saw 14 million combatants die B. saw more than one million Americans killed or wounded C. were relatively light in the U.S. compared to this of other countries D. all are correct E. none are correct

D. all are correct

In 1945, the Japanese surrender to the U.S. A. was announced a few days after the second atomic bomb had been dropped B. was formally signed on the American battleship Missouri C. occurred on September 2, 1945 D. all are correct E. none are correct

D. all are correct

In World War II, the main American strategy to fight Japan was to A. mount two offensive campaigns to attack the Japanese from two directions. B. concentrate U.S. forces into one large offensive moving west from the Marshall Islands. C. quickly recapture the Midway Islands from the Japanese. D. establish a strong defensive position in the Solomon Islands to lure in the Japanese. E. encourage the Japanese navy to overextend itself past the Gilbert Islands, then attack from behind.

A. mount two offensive campaigns to attack the Japanese from two directions.

In regards to European Jewish refugees, between 1939 and 1945, the U.S. A. refused to accept large numbers of refugees B. won an agreement by England to accept several thousand refugees C. made many efforts to help refugees escape the Nazis but not to enter the U.S. D. denied the Nazis were targeting Jews for murder E. rescinded the provisions of the 1924 National Origins Act dealing with Jewish immigrants

A. refused to accept large numbers of refugees

In the 1940's, swing music A. was a new form of jazz B. originated in Latin America C. grew out of square dance D. first appeared in the United States in Kansas City E. reinforced racial taboos

A. was a new form of jazz

During World War II, the United States Army chief of staff was A. Douglas MacArthur. B. George Marshall. C. Omar Bradley. D. Dwight Eisenhower. E. George Patton.

B. George Marshall.

During WWII, the Fair Employment Practices Commission was created A. to help southern African americans move to northern cities to take war jobs B. by President Roosevelt to stop black protesters from marching on the capital C. after serious racial rioting broke out in several northern industrial cities D. and led by A. Philip Randolph E. in response to significant protests led by the Congress of Racial Equality

B. by President Roosevelt to stop black protesters from marching on the capital

During WWII, in the U.S., all of the following social indicators experienced a rise in their rate of occurrence EXCEPT A. marriage rate B. high school enrollment C. the divorce rate D. the juvenile crime rate E. the birth rate

B. high school enrollment

Prior to ordering the use of atomic bomb against Japan, President Harry Truman A. sent evidence of a test explosion to the Japanese government B. issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or face utter devastation C. the warned the Japanese about the atomic bomb but sent no evidence of its effect D. told Japan to evacuate Hiroshima or face the consequences E. did not send any kind of messages to Japan

B. issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or face utter devastation

In 1942, the North African campaign against the Nazis saw A. the Americans advance under the command of Omar Bradley B. the Americans successfully regroup from a defeat at Kasserine Pass C. the Germans suffer a major defeat at Stalingrad D. the Americans push Germans out of Egypt E. the British lose a key early battle at El Alamein

B. the Americans successfully regroup from a defeat at Kasserine Pass

All of the following statements regarding the Allied invasion of France in June 1944 are true EXCEPT A. the attack saw perhaps the largest number of naval vessels and armaments ever assembled in one place B. the landing was made across the narrowest part of the English channel C. Allied paratroopers were dropped behind German lines prior to the beach landings D. within a week, German forced had been dislodged from most of the Normandy coast E. American, British, and Canadian forces stormed the beaches on June 6, 1944

B. the landing was made across the narrowest part of the English channel

In World War II, one of the primary American commanders in the Pacific was A. Dwight Eisenhower. B. Omar Bradley. C. Chester Nimitz. D. George Marshall. E. George Patton.

C. Chester Nimitz.

In the 1944 elections, A. republicans gained control of the Senate B. Franklin Roosevelt was too ill to campaign C. Democrats increased their control of the House D. Thomas Dewey nearly won the electoral vote E. Henry Wallace was elected vice president

C. Democrats increased their control of the House

In 1943, at the Casablanca Conference, the Allies decided they would next invade A. Cyprus B. France C. Sicily D. Corsica E. Greece

C. Sicily

The U.S. government acquired definite knowledge of the Holocaust A. prior to WWII beginning in Europe B. before the U.S. had entered the war C. during the first years after the U.S. involvement D. not until the last year of the war E. not until after the war was over

C. during the first years after the U.S. involvement

In 1942-1943, the British and American war effort against the Nazis concentrated on A. freeing France from German control B. supporting the Russians C. fighting in North Africa D. protecting England E. stopping the Holocaust

C. fighting in North Africa

During WWII, the United States military services A. saw the major purpose of the USO to bring new recruits into the army B. tolerated homosexuality C. tolerated illicit heterosexual relationships D. encouraged USO women to form relationships with servicemen E. banned the practice of painting bathing beauties on nosecones of fighter planes

C. tolerated illicit heterosexual relationships

During WWII, Chinese Americans A. were drafted in a higher proportion than any other national group B. received a favorable image in the U.S. government propaganda C. saw the repeal of the Chinese Exclusion Acts D. All the answers are correct E. none of the answers are correct

D. All the answers are correct

The Battle of Midway in 1942 A. saw the United States suffer great losses. B. was a stunning defeat for the Japanese navy. C. lasted four days. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.

D. All the answers are correct.

During WWII, Congress abolished the A. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) B. Works Progress Administration (WPA) C. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) D. CCC and WPA E. WPA and FDIC

D. CCC and WPA

In August 1944, the Allies liberated from German occupation the city of A. Rome B. Warsaw C. Stockholm D. Paris E. Amsterdam

D. Paris

During WWII, organized labor in the U.S. A. lost membership as wages rose across most industries B. frequently used the threats of strikes to obtain higher wages C. agreed to freeze union membership and wages until the war was over D. won automatic union membership for new defense plant workers E. won a significant victory with the passage of the Smith-Connally Act

D. won automatic union membership for new defense plant workers

All of the following statements regarding Allied development of an atomic bomb during WWII are true EXCEPT A. the program was code-named the Manhattan Project B. plutonium was a practical fuel for the bomb C. the program proceeded at a faster pace than had been expected D. the government secretly poured nearly $2 billion into the project E. Albert Einstein was in charge of the program

E. Albert Einstein was in charge of the program

During World War II, the first Axis country to be defeated was A. Germany B. Spain C. Austria D. Japan E. Italy

E. Italy

In 1939, the first steps toward the creation of an atomic bomb were taken by A. Soviet Union B. Great Britain C. U.S. D. Japan E. Nazi Germany

E. Nazi Germany

During WWII, the regional impact of government spending was the greatest in the A. Northeast B. Midwest C. South D. East E. West

E. West

The Battle of the Coral Sea in 1942 A. saw the Americans take the offensive for the first time. B. saw the United States forced to withdraw its naval forces. C. marked the major turning point of the war in the Pacific. D. saw the Japanese lose most of its aircraft carriers. E. marked the first important victory by the United States against Japan.

E. marked the first important victory by the United States against Japan.

During WWII, Allied bombers targeted A. the crematoria at Auschwitz B. the railroad lines leading to Auschwitz C. the guard towers and Nazi bunkers at Auschwitz D. all the answers are correct E. none of the answers are correct

E. none of the answers are correct

(T/F): The repeal of the Chinese Exclusion Acts in 1943 resulted in a flood of Chinese immigrants into the United States.

False

(T/F): Working mothers during World War II usually relied on private child-care facilities.

False