Deaton Chemistry Fall Exam Review
what is the bond angle of the atoms in a molecule of water with a bent molecular geometry?
104.5
what is the bind angle between atoms in a molecule with a tetrahedral geometry?
109.5
what is the bond angle of the atoms in a molecule with a trigonal planar molecular geometry
120
how many atoms are in a tetrahedral molecule?
5
"An electron must occupy the lowest available energy orbital" is stated by which rule
Aufbau principle
what is the chemical formula for cobalt (II) hydroxide?
Co(OH)2
what is the correct chemical formula for Chromium (II) Phosphate? Is it ionic or covalent
Cr(PO4)2
which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity?
Fluorine
what is the correct formula for mercury (II) chloride
HgCl2
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Hydrogen
what is the correct chemical formula for nitrogen monoxide?
NO
what is the correct chemical formula for sodium cyanide
NaCn
what is the formula for sodium fluoride?
NaF
what id the correct formula for sodium nitrate?
NaNo3
circle all substances that cannot be decomposed by a chemical change
Ne H Li
what is the difference between an element and a compound?
a element is a pure substance made of only one kind of atom and a compound is a substance made up of two or more elements
what type of bond is formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons?
covalent bond
when a sodium atom becomes an ion, what happens to the electrons and the size of the atom?
decreases by losing an electron
what are some indications that a substance is a mixture?
different states, colors, boiling points
a property of some metals is the ability to be drawn into a wire a wire. what do we call this property?
ductile
an atom of oxygen is in a exicted state. when a electron in this atom moves from the third shell to the second shell, what happens to the energy? is it emitted or absorbed?
emmited from electron as a proton
what is the best method of separation to get salt from a homogeneous mixture of salt water?
evaporation
what characteristic of metallic bonds cause metals to be shiny?
free electrons kn the surface. emits light on the same frequency as the light hits it.
visible light occupies the range of wavelength from 380 to 790 nanometers in the electromagnetic spectrum. List the kinds of electromagnetic radiation that have a shorter wavelength than visible light.
gamma x-ray ultraviolet
which principle or rule states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals?
hund's rule
what is the correct name for the chemical formula HF?
hydrofluoric acid
name the following acid: H3P
hydrophosphoric acid
as the atomic number on the periodic table increases what happens to the number of electrons?
increases "ape"
what type of chemical bond requires the transfer of an electron?
ionic bond
subatomic particles can usually pass undeflected through an atom because the volume of an atom is mostly what?
large empty space
when a nonmetal is hit with a hammer it will crumble or break. Metals on the other hand will bend when it is hit. What physical property is indicate?
malleability
a teacher breaks a bar of pure copper in two two different sized pieces. what is the most likely differences between the two?
mass
when naming a ionic compound what do you name first?
metal
which scientist had a model of the atom with electrons in specific, fixed orbits
neil bohr
what is the correct name for the chemical formula 02
oxygen
which principle or rule states that a maximum of two electrons can occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if the electrons have opposite spins?
pauli exclusion rule
the periodic table provides information about the atoms of different elements. which is a characteristic of an atom that determines what element it is?
protons
give five examples of substances that are not pure substances
salt water, air, soda, substances with different colors, steel
what do we call the model that describes and explains the bonding and arrangements of atoms in a solid metal?
sea of electrons
what do elements in the same group have in common?
similar properties and reactivity
name the following chemical compound Na3PO4
sodium phosphate
the particles of a substance are arranged in a definite geometric pattern and are constantly vibrating. what phase is this substance in?
solid
compare and contrast the movement of molecules in a solid, liquid, and gas
solid are really close together liquid more spread out but still close gas spread out
what is the name for H2SO4
sulfuric acid
how does the mass and size of the nucleus compare to the mass and size of the entire atom?
the nucleus is the smallest part of the atom, it contains most of the mass
explain the amount of protons and electrons in a neutral atom. will they be different or the same?
the number of protons and electrons is equal to the number of protons. they will be the same
give five examples of pure substances
water, salt, oxygen, element, compound
sketch a periodic table with arrows showing the trend for electronegativity
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