dementia, delirium

Shared psychotic disorder

"Folie a deux" § 1 person has delusions & then imposes on partner who believes in the delusions

Alogia

A decrease in speech or speech content; a symptom of schizophrenia. Also known as poverty of speech.

factor is unique to vascular dementia

Abrupt onset of symptoms have trouble speaking or understanding speech. R- The signs and symptoms associated with vascular dementia have an abrupt onset (days to weeks) because of the occlusion of small arteries or arterioles in the cortex of the brain.

Which action would the nurse take for a daughter who states that she gives sleeping pills to her live-in mother who has dementia to stop wandering at night?

Explore hiring a home health aide to stay with the client at night. R- the nurse's focus would be helping reduce the confusion the client experiences at night, keeping the client safe, and easing the burden on the daughter.

Which goal would the nurse add to the plan of care for a forgetful, disoriented client who has dementia?

Rechannel the client's energies into more appropriate behaviors. R- The goal is to rechannel the client's energies into more appropriate behaviors. Disoriented clients need assistance in how they direct their energy to limit inappropriate behaviors

SBIRT

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment

Which strategy would the nurses use to minimize aggressive behaviors from the client with a neurocognitive disorder?

Identify nursing staff members whom the client prefers. R- The strategy is to identify nursing staff members whom the client prefers. The type of care needed by the client requires trust in the caregiver, which develops more rapidly when there is a cooperative relationship and client input is accepted.

Schizoaffective disorder

Primary illness is psychosis § May have depression or bipolar disorder § Functional loss

Which factor would be essential to consider when the nurse determines whether a unit's environment is conducive to psychological safety for a confused client with dementia?

Realistic limits and controls are set R- Confused clients find comfort and security in an environment that provides realistic limits and controls, because this assists in self-regulation and provides structure.

Which conclusion would the home care nurse make regarding an older adult client with mild Alzheimer disease?

Should be allowed to function independently if therapeutically possible R- Priority should be given to providing nursing care to maintain an optimal level of safe function for as long as possible.

Which nursing intervention would be helpful in meeting the needs of an older adult with Alzheimer disease?

Simplifying the environment as much as possible by limiting the need for decisions R- Clients with this disorder need a simple environment. Because of brain cell destruction, they are unable to make choices or decisions. A well-balanced diet is important throughout life incapable of making choices; providing alternative choices will increase anxiety. Emotional needs must be met on a continuous basis, not just at fixed times.

moderate dementia

Sundowning, Exaggeration of premorbid traits. R- Sundowning is confusion and agitation with an inability to sleep that gets worse in the evening; it is seen in moderate (stage 2) dementia. Moderate dementia is characterized by increasing dependence on environmental and social structures and by increasing psychological rigidity that accentuates previous traits and behaviors.

Schizophreniform disorder

Symptoms don't make it past 6 month, but not full blown

Substance induced / medical condition

Toxins, alcohol, meds § Hypoglycemia, thyroid disorder, ms

Alzheimer's Dementia

associated with a gradual (years), progressive loss of function. results in memory impairment and difficulty with decision-making Inability to use words to communicate is a typical symptom

Echolalia

automatic and immediate repetition of what others say

Avolition

lack of motivation

Echopraxia

mimicking the movements of another

Confabulation

the act of filling in memory gaps

Brief psychotic disorder

§ Less than amonth of symptoms § 1 or 2 symptoms of schizophrenia § d/t traumatic experience

Delusional disorder

§ When someone has delisions § No voices or visuals § "dooms day preppers