Dennis HBio Ch. 9.1 & 9.2 Quiz

What organelle is found only in plant cells?

chloroplast

When ATP gets rid of a phosphate group, it becomes _________

ADP

How is energy released from ATP?

Energy released by breaking the chemical bond between the second and third phosphate groups, forming an ADP molecule

Chlorophyll

a green substance that absorbs light and aids in starting photosynthesis

Which must be present for the final stage of photosynthesis to occur? a. carbon dioxide c. carbohydrates b. chlorophyll d. oxygen

a. carbon dioxide

The metabolism of living things is part of Earth's carbon cycle because a. organisms build and break down carbon-containing compounds, moving carbon through the environment. b. organisms need enzymes to release energy gradually from their cells and to aid the formation of energy-storing compounds. c. living things use oxygen to release energy in cellular respiration. d. the environment supplies water to living things.

a. organisms build and break down carbon-containing compounds, moving carbon through the environment.

ATP

adenosine triphosphate; nucleotide with 3 phosphate groups that provides energy for cell

The rate of photosynthesis decreases as the a. oxygen concentration decreases. b. carbon dioxide concentration decreases. c. light intensity increases. d.temperature becomes moderately warm.

b. carbon dioxide concentration decreases.

Which of the following correctly sequences the flow of energy in the living world? a. sunlight, prokaryotes, autotrophs b. sunlight, autotrophs, organisms that eat autotrophs c. autotrophs, prokaryotes, organic compounds d. ATP, prokaryotes, autotrophs

b. sunlight, autotrophs, organisms that eat autotrophs

What is the role of electron transport chains in photosynthesis? a. They use energy to produce carbohydrates. b. They use energy to break down carbohydrates. c. They transfer energy from sunlight into two products that provide energy for making carbohydrates. d. They transfer energy from carbohydrates into a substance that all cells can use for energy.

c. They transfer energy from sunlight into two products that provide energy for making carbohydrates.

Which of these substances in thylakoids is essential for the light reaction of photosynthesis? a. carbon dioxide c. chlorophyll b. carbohydrates d. oxygen

c. chlorophyll

Organisms use and store energy in a. sunlight reflecting from their cells. b. electron transport chains on inner cell surfaces. c. the chemical bonds of organic compounds. d. stable molecules of carbon dioxide.

c. the chemical bonds of organic compounds.

Which of these substances is an end product of photosynthesis? a. carbon dioxide c. carotenoids b. chlorophyll d. carbohydrates

d. carbohydrates

An electron transport chain is a series of molecules in inner chambers of organelles that a. pass their energy to electrons that form part of ATP molecules. b. pass their energy to electrons while pumping more H+ ions in. c. receive energy from electrons which they use to aid H+ ion diffusion. d. receive energy from electrons which they use to pump H+ ions out.

d. receive energy from electrons which they use to pump H+ ions out.

ATP synthase

enzyme that aids in the making of ATP

What is produced during photosynthesis?

glucose and O2

The three major steps involved in aerobic cellular respiration

glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain

In photosynthesis, what are the two major reactions that take place?

light dependent, light independent (or dark or Calvin cycle)

Muscle cells contain many of which organelle?

mitochondria

Photosynthesis

process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

thylakoid

saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts

Where does the light independent reaction or Calvin cycle take place?

stroma

pigment

substance that absorbs some colors of light and reflects others

What are the products needed for photosynthesis?

sunlight, CO2 and water

Calvin Cycle

the most common way for photosynthesizing organisms to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide

cellular respiration

the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from carbohydrates

Where does the light dependent reaction take place?

thylakoids