dev psych chap 10
Which of the following is the main way that adolescents connect with their friends?
Text messaging
According to James Marcia, what determines an individual's identity status?
The existence or extent of their crisis or commitment
. Several adolescents may form a _____ because they have spent time with each other, share mutual interests, and enjoy each other's company.
clique
Lana and has five close friends. They study, shop, and go to parties together. Lana's group can be described as a _____.
clique
. Most adolescents from ethnic minority groups develop a _____ identity.
bicultural
Irena, age 16, is a first-generation immigrant whose parents came to the United States from Ukraine when she was just a baby. Irena enjoys many of the same things that her American friends do, but respects her culture's traditions and speaks to her parents in their native language. Irena seems to have formed a _____ identity.
bicultural
Ethnic _____ is the enduring aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group, along with the attitudes and feelings related to that membership.
identity
The new model of parent-adolescent relationships emphasizes that:
in most families parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe
The new model of parent-adolescent relationships emphasizes that:
in most families parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe.
The 2009 Kaiser Family Foundation survey, which included more than 2,000 8- to 18-year-olds, documented that adolescent media use has _____ in the last decade.
increased dramatically
At approximately the age of _____ years, two types of romantic involvement occur: casual dating and dating in groups
14 to 16
A consensus is developing that the key changes in identity are more likely to take place at _____.
18 to 25 years of age
91. Based on the 2009 Kaiser Family Foundation survey, adding up the daily media use figures to obtain weekly media use leads to the staggering levels of more than _____ hours a week of media use by 11- to 14-year-olds.
60
Who among the following are LEAST likely to exhibit suicidal behavior?
African American male adolescents
Which of the following statements about autonomy-granting in adolescence is true?
Boys are given more independence than girls.
What is the difference between cliques and crowds?
Cliques are more personal than crowds.
Which of the following involves excessive discussion of problems with friends?
Co-rumination
_____ reflects an individual's personal investment in identity.
Commitment
_____ is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives.
Crisis
_____ are larger than cliques and less personal.
Crowds
As of 2010, which of the following is the most frequently visited Internet site
Viva was torn in her decision to major in music or take up an undergraduate program in engineering. She finally chose the latter, with a minor in music. Identify Viva's status of identity.
Identity achievement
Identify the status of individuals who have not yet experienced a crisis or made any commitments
Identity diffusion
Which of the following is Erikson's fifth developmental stage?
Identity versus identity confusion
. Layla loves music and plays the violin whenever she has the time. Which of the following parts of her identity does this describe?
Interests
Which of the following groups has disproportionately high delinquency rates?
Lower-socioeconomic-status youth
Which of the following statements about juvenile delinquency is true?
Males are more likely to engage in delinquency than females are
Which of the following has been found to be associated with prolonged, intense parent-adolescent conflict?
Movement out of the home
Holly is a quiet and introverted person. She feels stressed whenever she has to interact with a lot of people. Which of the following best describes this aspect of Holly's identity?
Personality
Priscilla is in the 8th grade. Her group of friends has recently started shoplifting at departmental stores. According to research into peer relations, what is Priscilla most likely to do in this scenario?
Priscilla will join her friends in the antisocial behavior.
Which of the following is the third-leading cause of death in 10- to 19-year-olds today in the United States?
Suicide
Sita is girl who lives in India; Suki is a girl who lives in Japan. They both have two older brothers. According to research, who is most likely to have better access to education?
Suki
Which of the following is TRUE about why males are more likely than females to succeed in committing suicide?
They use more lethal means than do females.
. The most effective way to treat adolescent depression is
a combination of drug therapy and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)
The event that comes closest to being a culture-wide right of passage in the United States is
a high school graduation ceremony
. Identity _____ is the status of individuals who have undergone a crisis and made a commitment.
achievement
A recent meta-analysis of 124 studies by Jane Kroger and her colleagues revealed that identity _____ rose across late adolescence and emerging adulthood
achievement
According to two recent studies about the role of parents in guiding adolescents' use of the Internet and other media, both maternal and paternal _____ parenting predicted proactive monitoring of adolescent media use, including restriction of certain media from adolescent use and parent-adolescent discussion of exposure to questionable media content.
authoritative
Research shows that co-rumination and romantic involvement predicted an increase in:
depressive symptoms.
Individuals whose identity status can be described as identity _____ are undecided about occupational and ideological choices, and they are also likely to show little interest in such matters.
diffusion
Conflict with parents often escalates during:
early adolescence.
If adolescents fail to develop close friendships, they:
experience loneliness and a reduced sense of self-worth.
The status of identity ¬¬_____ occurs most often when parents hand down commitments to their adolescents, usually in an authoritarian way, before adolescents have had a chance to explore different approaches, ideologies, and vocations on their own.
foreclosure
Eriksonian researcher James Marcia reasons that Erikson's theory of identity development contains _____ of identity, or ways of resolving the identity crisis.
four statuses
. Manfred is worried about his 16-year-old son hanging around much older people in the neighborhood. Research suggests that Manfred:
has reason to worry, since his son is more likely to engage in deviant behaviors.
Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis suffer from what Erikson calls _____.
identity confusion
. Ramon's parents have decided that he will enroll in a liberal arts course in the state college near their hometown. Ramon has not really thought about the issue much himself, and he will most likely do what they advise. James Marcia would classify Ramon's identity status as:
identity foreclosure
. According to Erik Erikson, during the _____ stage, adolescents are faced with deciding who they are, what they are all about, and where they are going in life.
identity versus identity confusion
Sullivan argued that the need for _____ intensifies during early adolescence, motivating teenagers to seek out close friends.
intimacy
Dylan does his homework in front of the television, while listening to music on his iPod and also simultaneously text messaging his friends. This is indicative of a major trend in the use of technology known as
media multitasking.
which of the following are mainly driving the increased media use by adolescents
mobile media
Identity _____ is James Marcia's term for the status of adolescents who are in the midst of a crisis, and whose commitment levels are either absent or only vaguely defined.
moratorium
A recent study of 8- to 12-year-old girls found that a higher level of media multitasking was linked to:
negative social well-being.
An individual's body image encompasses his/her _____.
physical identity
Harold supports the Republican party. This is a part of his _____ identity
political
According to a recent study of 8- to 12-year-old girls, a higher level of face-to-face communication was associated with:
positive social-well-being indicators.
The double disadvantage suffered by ethnic minority adolescents consists of
prejudice and poverty.
Whether a person is single, married, divorced is part of his or her _____ identity
relationship
Joseph Allen and his colleagues found that adolescents who were securely attached to their parents at 14 years of age were more likely at 21 years of age to report:
relationship competence and fewer problematic behaviors.
A _____ is a ceremony or ritual that marks an individual's transition from one status to another.
rite of passage
. Richard considers himself to be gay. This orientation is part of Richard's _____ identity.
sexual
By about age 15, adolescent females have a rate of depression that is _____ that of adolescent males
twice