Developmental Psych Exam 3

the percentage of US households with children has fallen from 45% in 1970 to about ____________ today. 22% 32% 42% 12%

32%

smoking tobacco is related to all of the following health problems EXCEPT cervical cancer lung cancer Alzheimer disease heart disease

Alzheimer disease

which of these groups has the highest rates of suicide? adolescent males Native American males African-American females depressed homosexuals

Native American males

what country was the first to legalize same-sex marriage? Netherlands Belgium France England

Netherlands

which of the following would be most likely to care for an ill and elderly person? Sue, a middle-aged daughter Linda, a young adult daughter Easton, a middle-aged son Ryan, a young adult son

Sue, a middle-aged daughter

which of the following is TRUE about cohabitation? rates of cohabitation are declining in the US US rates have increased dramatically since 1960 living together is universally considered a "trial marriage" cohabitation seems to improve the chances of successful marriage

US rates have increased dramatically since 1960

all of the following conclusions about teenage pregnancies are true EXCEPT more than 90% of pregnant teenagers describe their pregnancies as unintended black and Hispanic girls are more likely to have babies than are Asian American girls black and Hispanic girls are more likely to have babies than American Indian girls US teenagers are less likely to become pregnant and give brith than teenagers in most other industrialized countries

US teenagers are less likely to become pregnant and give brith than teenagers in most other industrialized countries

which is the only industrialized country that does not grant paid maternity leave? Japan China Germany United States

United States

for the adolescent, the peer group serves all of the following functions EXCEPT a source of affection, sympathy, understanding, and moral guidance a place of experimentation a place to form intimate relationships a source of financial security

a source of financial security

the adolescent brain is a work in progress consistent since infancy not producing new brain functions fairly rigid with minimal plasticity

a work in progress

which of the following patterns of thinking is associated with post-formal though? ability to think both practically and abstractly believing that problems have only one solution reliance on formal logic rather than on intuition delaying the choice of personal beliefs until one is certain about them

ability to think both practically and abstractly

when adolescents die, it is usually from which of the following? cancer accidents homicide suicide

accidents

according to Gilligan, females develop self-esteem in the context of relationships with their peers, whereas for males, self-esteem is linked to achievement competition with their peers relationships with their fathers personal relationships

achievement

sexual orientation generally becomes a pressing issue during adolescence middle childhood early childhood adulthood

adolescence

which of the following is TRUE about adolescence? this developmental period is recognized in all cultures throughout the world adolescence is a developmental transition between childhood and adulthood it begins when young people reach sexual maturity adolescence is genetically determined

adolescence is a developmental transition between childhood and adulthood

Virginia is not too happy with many of the decisions that her parents make regarding her life, but she has a good relationship with her parents and follows their lead. Virginia is likely to develop good self-control and self-discipline confidence in social relationships competence in academic subjects all of these

all of these

a middle-age person engaging in post-formal thought is able to integrate logic with intuition conflicting facts and ideas new information with what is already known all of these

all of these

according to the MIDUS study, most middle-aged individuals are in good _________ shape and feel good about the quality of their lives. physical cognitive emotional all of these

all of these

cultural socialization refers to _________________ that teach children about their racial or ethnic heritage, promote cultural traditions, and promote ethics and racial pride. school practies community practices parental practices all of these

all of these

during the past century, the onset of puberty has been coming at an earlier age in the United States and ins and other countries. This is called a secular trend apparently related to a higher standard of living now leveling off all of these

all of these

psychological maturing depends on which of the following? discovering one's identity becoming independent of one's parents developing a system of values all of these

all of these

nocturnal emission is also called a wet dream common in adolescent girls a signal of a sexual disorder found only in sexually active males

also called a wet dream

as a child, it is important to learn to trust one's parents; in adolescence a person learns fidelity, which is often defined as loyalty to friends an extension of trust that includes the self, family, and mentors and friends the ability to guard other people's secrets the desire to find a partners to share one's private thoughts with

an extension of trust that includes the self, family, and mentors and friends

most teenagers are more concerned about their ____________ than any other aspect of their development. moral changes cognitive imporvement appearance hair

appearance

the most common source of activity limitation in early adulthood is cancer arthritis homicide heart disease

arthritis

which parenting style seems to enable adolescents to resist peer pressure? authoritarian authoritative permissive none of these; peer pressure is too strong to be resisted

authoritative

Betty, at age 52, has signed up for a class at her local community college. If she is like most mature learners, in comparison with her younger classmates, she is likely to focus more on classroom learning be more highly motivated have sharper academic skills receive more support from friends and family

be more highly motivate

according to Kohlberg, the level of moral development that is ultimately reached is determined by cognitive awareness personal experience both of these none of these

both of these

Secret gorging on food followed by vomiting, fasting, or purging with use of laxatives is characteristic of anorexics bulimics obese teenagers compulsive dieters

bulimics

which group has the greates amount of sexual activity? single adults cohabitators married couples lesbian couples

cohabitators

Jeremy just proposed to his girlfriend Alyssa. According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Jeremy is experiencing intimacy passion commitment doubt

commitment

The best safeguard for teens who are sexually active is the consistent use of jellies or creams condoms morning-after pills birth-control pills

condoms

according to your text, risky behaviors such as drinking alcohol, smoking, and having unprotected sex has _______ among adolescents since the 1990s. increased decreased remained the same none of these

decreased

Phyllis has a family history of osteoporosis. Her doctors should recommend all the following EXCEPT __________ to help slow or reverse potential bone loss. diets low in animal proteins an increase in resistance training high intensity strength training avoiding smoking

diets low in animal proteins

Cindy is a college-aged females. When confronted by stress, Cindy is most likely to engage in problem-solving coping emotion-focused coping relational-focused coping avoidance-focused coping

emotion-focused coping

according to Erikson, a failure to resolve the identity vs confusion crisis results in a lack of trust hope will fidelity

fidelity

Cattell and Horn called the ability to solve new and unusual problems ____________ intelligence. fluid crystallized practical integrative

fluid

According to Piaget, adolescents are in which stage of cognitive development? sensorimotor preoperational formal operational concerte operations

formal operational

To be in sync with their brain's natural clock, or circadian rhythms, most adolescents need to go to bed late and get up late go to bed late and get up early go to bed early and get up early go to bed early and get up late

go to bed late and get up late

Many women may find that the sexual experiences of middle age are improved because they have increased worries about late-age pregnancy find themselves with less uninterrupted time to spend with a partners and use it more efficiently have increased knowledge of their own sexual needs and desires find their male partners' longer periods of arousal tedious

have increased knowledge of their own sexual needs and desires

the indirect influence of a person's socioeconomic status affects all of the following EXCEPT life expectancy activity limitations due to chronic illnesses higher feelings of well-being access to health care

higher feelings of well-being

which of the following do women experience during menopause? a strong tendency toward mental illness cessation of sexual desire stemming from declining estrogen levels chronic and lasting depression hot flashes

hot flashes

chronically high blood pressure is called tension hypotension hypertension none of these

hypertension

gay men who do not "come out" until midlife often go through a prolonged search for relationship acceptance identity all of these

identity

according to James Marcia, which identity status is characterized by both crisis and commitment? identity achievement foreclosure identity diffusion moratorium

identity achievement

when his psychology teacher asks Billy what his plans after high school are, Billy just shrugs his shoulders and says, "I have not really thought much about it." Marcia would place Billy in a state of identity diffusion identity foreclosure identity moratorium identity achievement

identity diffusion

according to Erikson, adolescents are in the crisis of autonomy vs shame and doubt industry vs inferiority identity vs identity confusion intimacy vs isolation

identity vs identity confusion

during adolescence and emerging adulthood, the incidence of depression remains the same increases sharply increases slightly decreases

increases slightly

Cohort, gender, ethnicity, culture, and socioeconomic status affect the life course by influencing the expectations and trajectory of life decisions protecting people from making decision based on cultural biases influencing decisions equally by age and by specific events distinguishing the effects of age on personality from the effects of specific events

influencing the expectations and trajectory of life decisions

according to your text, the most serious and debilitating type of intimate partner violence is situational couple violence emotional abuse intimate terrorism violence all of these

intimate terrorism violence

changes in appearance in middle age are due to all of the following EXCEPT the layer of fat beneath the skin becomes thinner and skin becomes less taut less melanin causes hair to become gray and thinner shrinkage of intervertebral disks less vitamin and mineral content in diets

less vitamin and mineral content in diets

current research indicated that emerging adults with the hight well-being have done all of the following EXCEPT attended college had no children did not get married lived with parents

lived with parents

in regards to sexual orientation, which of the following is TRUE? females reveal their homosexuality before males males reveal their homosexuality before females both males and females reveals their homosexuality at about the same time most males and females reveal their homosexuality in middle adulthood

males reveal their homosexuality before females

which of the following is TRUE of homosexual couples? they tend to be mostly white and affluent one member of the pair tends to be more dominant and career-oriented they tend to be more concerned with sexuality than heterosexual couples many are still working out conflicts with parents

many are still working out conflicts with parents

the most popular illicit drug used among young adults is marijuana prescription medications methamphetamine crack cocaine

marijuana

in recent years, there has been a drop in adolescents' overall use of drugs. The exception to this is an increase in the use of heroin and other opiates- both natural and synthetic ecstasy and anabolic steroids marijuana and prescription drugs methamphetamines

marijuana and prescription drugs

the baby boomers are a part of what life stage today? early adulthood middle adulthood later adulthood older adulthood

middle adulthood

most research has cast doubt on the idea that middle age brings about ___________ as a source of psychological disturbance. menopause climacteric midlife crisis a crisis of industry vs inferiority

midlife crisis

a psychological turning point that often yields new insight into the self and corrects life's design and trajectory is called a male climactic menopause midlife crisis midlife review

midlife review

according to the five-factor model, Angelica, who is hostile and impulsive, would be described as neurotic extraverted introverted agreeable

neurotic

predictable changes in adult personality are at the heart of the ________ model. timing-of-events trait normative-stage typological

normative-stage

the world health organization has called __________ a worldwide epidemic. gallstones diabetes heart disease obesity

obesity

research findings of marital satisfaction in the later years of long-term marriages may in part be due to the fact that children have left home menopause has eliminated the fear of pregnancy older samples do not include couples that have already gotten divorced studied were longitudinal

older samples do not include couples that have already gotten divorced

common contributors to erectile dysfunction include all the following EXCEPT diabetes heart disease overuse of the penis alcohol consumption

overuse of the penis

the chief reason given be teenagers for early sexual activity is curiosity peer pressure being in love sexual desire

peer pressure

the anatomical structures that differentiate males from females are the primary gender structures gonads primary sex characteristics secondary sex characteristics

primary sex characteristics

the process that leads to sexual maturity is puberty puberty rites adolescence the secular trend

puberty

cognitive development in middle adulthood is usually related to learning for its own sake related to acquiring specialized knowledge easily measure by conventional psychometric tests in decline

related to acquiring specialized knowledge

loss of taste sensitivity in middle age usually is primarily due to the loss of smell does not begin until well into the sixties results from injury results from a decline in the sensitivity of taste buds

results from a decline in the sensitivity of taste buds

in the context of friendship, men are more likely to share confidences with friends talk with friends about marital problems share information and activities receive advice and support from friends

share information and activities

the longest-lasting relationship in most people's lives is with a parent spouse sibling child

sibling

Seth has been working at a cognitively demanding job for several years. The __________ hypothesis would predict that Seth would see benefits in his leisure activities as a result. spillover runiver working5l989 complexity

spillover

Evette just finished college, started work as a registered nurse, and plans to marry next fall. she is at which stage of the recentering process? stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 none of these

stage 3

Teenagers are likely to have positive attitudes toward safe sexual practices if they talk to parents about sex talk to teachers about sex talk to counselors about sex talk to peers about sex

talk to parents about sex

according to the text, generativty can be expressed in the middle years through teaching and creativity creativity alone travel politics

teaching and creativity

friendships during young adulthood tend to center around the following topics EXCEPT parenting sharing confidences technology advice

technology

after a divorce, which grandparents typically have the least amount of contact with their grandchildren? the father's parents when the mother is not remarried the mother's parents when the father has remarried the father's parents when the mother has remarried the mother's parents when the mother has remarried

the father's parents when the mother has remarried

which of the following statements about alcoholism is TRUE? the heritability of alcoholism is 50% to 60% alcoholics can stop or cut down their drinking if they exercise willpower fifty percent of alcoholics recognize that they have a problem alcoholism has a high cure rate when treated by a combination of medication, education, and psychotherapy

the heritability of alcoholism is 50% to 60%

the most important factor that determines whether or not a student will finish high school is the location of the school the student's active engagement in schooling family stability the quality of the teachers

the student's active engagement in schooling

according to your text, what are the symptoms associated with a drop in testosterone levels in males? hot flashes more aggression increased libido the symptoms are undetermined

the symptoms are undetermined

ethnic conservatism refers to the tendency of immigrants to accept assimilation to the majority culture the tendency of immigrants to reject assimilation to the majority culture the tendency of immigrants to promote assimilation to the second generation of immigrants none of these

the tendency of immigrants to reject assimilation to the majority culture

intergenerational families that are geographically and emotionally close and have frequent contact and give mutual support are known as sociable tight-knit obligatory detached

tight-knit

Adam is 42 years old and in the midst of his midlife transition. According to Carl Jung's analysis of midlife, Adam needs to accomplish two important tasks for a successful transition: to become more extroverted and more involved with family to become more assertive and more achievement-oriented to give up the image of youth and acknowledge one's eventual death to increase generativity and decrease stagnation

to give up the image of youth and acknowledge one's eventual death

the empty nest does not signal the end of parenthood; it is a ___________ to a new stage: the relationship between parents and adult children modification transition trauma crisis

transition

to act on emotions or emotional intelligence, people must make ____________ judgements cognitive sensitivity expectation value

value

in a survey of where teenagers spend their time, subjects reported that they were happiest when they were alone with siblings with parents with their friends

with their friends

based on almost all measures of generativity in middle adulthood men reported higher levels of generativity than women women reported higher level of generativity than men there were no meaurable differences between men and women generativity could not be measured, only inferred

women reported higher level of generativity than men

in her early research studying differences between men's and women's perspectives on moral issues, Gilligan concluded that women are morally superior to men women tend to think of morality in terms of responsibilities to specific people women tend to think of morality in terms of abstract rights, justice, and fairness although men and women think differently about morality, they go through the same sequence of moral development

women tend to think of morality in terms of responsibilities to specific people

which of the following statements about infertility in women and men is TRUE? women's fertility begins to decline in the late 20s obesity is not related to fertility for males or females male infertility is less frequent than female infertility the least common cause of infertility in women in the blockage of the fallopian tube

women's fertility begins to decline in the late 20s

the sharpest drop in divorce has occurred among younger cohorts older cohorts there has not been a drop in divorce rate none of these

younger cohorts