Developmental Psych Exam 4

According to Levinson, the transition to middle adulthood requires the adult male come to grips with four major conflicts. Which of the following is one of the major conflicts?

A. Being young vs being old

Nathan just celebrated his 100th birthday. It can be said that Nathan is a(n) _____.

C. Centenarian

At present, the main causes of death in middle adulthood in the United States are

C. Chronic Diseases

Which of the following is one of the ten most frequent daily hassles for middle-aged adults?

C. Concerns about weight

Sandra is turning 50 this year. At this age, she can expect certain age-related conditions, such as loss of strength in her legs and back and difficulty in viewing objects and hearing clearly, to affect her. Of the vision-related issues that affect individuals, which of the following is Sandra most likely to experience because of her age?

C. Difficulty in viewing close objects

Kara is 68 years old. In terms of percentage of total weight, which of the following is most likely to increase in her late adulthood?

C. Fat

Erikson proposed that middle-aged adults face a significant issue which he termed _____.

C. Generativity vs Stagnation

Which of the following is true of implicit memory?

C. It involves skills and routine procedures that are performed automatically.

George Vaillant ran a longitudinal study looking at what factors in middle adulthood were linked to different outcomes in older adulthood. In his study he listed three possible outcomes of older adults, which one is not one of his outcomes?

C. Neutral-Normal

Carla is described by her coworkers as highly organized and meticulous. She has a strong sense of self-discipline. According to the Big Five factors of personality, Carla is most likely to score high on

C. conscientiousness

Selective attention is ________, whereas divided attention is _________.

C. focusing on one thing; focusing on many things

Compared with men, women have higher incidence of ________ disorders during middle adulthood.

C. nonfatal chronic

Michael's mother always forgets to take her heart medication. So every night Michael calls her after dinner to remind her about her medicines. This demonstrates that Michael's mother is experiencing a decline in _____ memory.

C. prospective

Which of the following is a reason for the decrease in the height with age advancement?

D. Bone loss in the vertebrae

______ is a term used to described the midlife transition in which fertility declines.

D. Climacteric

The oldest today are mostly

D. Female

Haruto is a 103-year-old centenarian living in Okinawa, Japan. He leads a healthy life. Which of the following factors has most likely contributed to his longevity?

D. Haruto engages in spiritual practice

Th tiny bodies within cells that supply essential energy for function, growth, and repair are known as _______. There is a theory of aging that believes that, as they break down, these tiny bodies are partly responsible for aging.

D. Mitochondria

Retired adults who were born during the great depression make different life-choices compared to retired adults who were born during the baby boom. What idea best explains why there are variations in characteristics between different generations?

A. Cohort effect

Life _____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.

A. Expectancy

Women are especially vulnerable to _____, which is the leading cause of broken bones in women.

A. Osteoporosis

The Seattle Longitudinal Study concluded that middle age is a time of

A. Peak performance for verbal ability

_________ is the idea that cognitive function may decrease significantly as our bodies approach death.

A. Terminal decline

Hannah is grieving the death of her mother, so she is experiencing extreme stress. She is likely to engage in

A. a tend-and-befriend pattern

Cognitive _____ declines in old age, whereas cognitive _____ appears to remain constant or improve.

A. mechanics; pragmatics

The _______ is one area that shrinks more than others with aging.

A. prefrontal cortex

__________, which is closely linked to short-term memory, allows children and adults to manipulate and assemble information when making decisions, solving problems, and comprehending written and spoken language.

A. working memory

The rectangularization of the age structure of the population, which can be represented by a pyramid, has been created by

B. Aging of baby boom cohort

Lana's friends describe her as highly agreeable. According to the Big 5 factors of personality, Lana is likely to be

B. Cooperative

Which of the following factors is most likely to contribute to the decline in fluid mechanics in late adulthood?

B. Decline in processing speed

________ are the leading cause of injury deaths among adults 65 years and older.

B. Falls

Which of the following concepts have distinctions similar to the ones between cognitive mechanics and cognitive pragmatics?

B. Fluid and crystalized intelligence

Karen, aged 21, is a senior in college but her mother calls her five or six times a day to "check in" and to ask Karen what she is doing, what she had for lunch, and so on. This type of parenting has been called _____ parenting.

B. Helicopter parenting

According to the contemporary life-events approach, one of the factors on which the influence of life events depends is the

B. Individuals adaptation

Silas is a man who is in his late 70s. He has a condition characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance. This is otherwise known as

B. Metabolic Syndrome

The researchers in the Mills College Study concluded that rather than being in a midlife crisis, the women were experiencing

B. Midlife consciousness

According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study, which of the following abilities showed signs of early decline?

B. Perceptual Speed

Which of the following statements is true of the hormonal stress theory of aging?

B. When faced with external challenges such as stressful situations, the human body adapts by altering physiological processes.

_________ is expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits excellent judgement about important matters.

B. Wisdom

_________ is the most common chronic disorder in late adulthood.

C. Arthritis

LDL referred to as _______ cholesterol

C. Bad

Which of the following is one of the Big Five factors of personality?

B. extraversion

Britney and Amy work in a marketing firm. Both are 25 years old. Britney gave birth to her son at the age of 17. She finds it increasingly stressful to juggle between office work and. household work. On weekends, she prefers staying indoors with her son and attending to his needs. One the other hand, Amy is single and frequently meets her friends over the weekends. She enjoys cooking and takes dance lessons. She enjoys her everyday life. This scenario illustrates that Brittney and Amy

B. have different social clocks

Which of the following is one of the most common predictors of depression in older adults?

B. low social support

Based on the cellular clock theory/telomere theory, Hayflick places the upper limit of human life-span potential at about __________ years of age.

C. 120-125

__________ refers to a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and eventually, physical function.

C. Alzheimer disease

Which of the following states why middle adulthood starts later and lasts longer now than in the early 1900s?

D. People have healthier lifestyles than people in the 1900s

As he looks back over his life, Chris realizes that his work was not as important to him as he believed, and that he lost too much valuable time with his children. If he could do it over again, he would work less and spend more time with his children. According to Erikson, Chris is experiencing some degree of _____.

D. Stagnation

Calvin just turned 90 years old. He would be considered among the

D. oldest-old

A person's knowledge about the world (or the 8th president) is called ________ memory.

D. semantic