DHN 101 Exam 1

The recommended amount of a nutrient is 100 mg. Therefore, a megadose of this nutrient would be

1g

A serving of food supplies 18 g protein, 20 g carbohydrate, 7 g fat, 18 mg vitamin E, 2 mg iron, and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food?

Carbohydrate provides the most food energy

The ____ is responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medications.

FDA

____ is an example of an "empty-calorie" food.

Lite beer

Which of the following foods is not nutrient-dense?

Potato Chips

The amount of vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the _____ for the vitamin.

RDA

Which of the following practices is most likely to result in a vitamin toxicity disorder?

Taking megadoses of various vitamin supplements daily

A scientist adds 5 mcg of the mineral cadmium to the daily diet of 100 4-week-old laboratory mice. After twelve weeks, the researcher weighs and takes blood samples from each mouse. According to her findings, the mice lost weight during the 12-week period and they have abnormal levels of certain hormones in their blood. Based on this information and your knowledge of scientific research, what would you tell the researcher about her findings?

The findings are not meaningful or valid because of the way she designed her study

Which of the following statements is true?

a scientists professional affiliations and sources of financial support may influence his or her research findings

A liquid has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of household ammonia. Based on this information, the liquid is

baking soda

A substance has a pH that is higher than the pH of tomatoes and lower than the pH of blood. Based on this information, the substance is

black coffee

A person's _____ is not a major influence for his or her food selection practices.

blood type

The primary function of the cardiovascular system is

circulation of blood throughout the body

Which of the following physiological changes is a result of anabolic chemical reactions?

enlargement of muscle tissue after 3 weeks of regular exercise

A scientist discovers a new chemical in the leaves of a rare tropical plant. When trying to determine the role of the chemical, the scientist determined that it is not a structural part of the plant's cells or a pigment that contributes to the color of the plant's leaves. She was able to learn that the chemical sped up a particular chemical reaction involving the plant's metabolism. Based on this information, the new chemical is a (an)

enzyme

Scientists would like to conduct a study to identify lifestyle factors that are associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income American children. Which of the following research designs would be the best for the researchers to use when designing their study?

epidemiological

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving?

fat-free milk

_____ can be classified as a dietary supplement.

gingko biloba

Which of the following nutrients is a micronutrient?

iron

For several years, Corey has sufferered from intermittent abdominal pain along with bouts of diarrhea and constipation. According to Corey, his "bad guts" worsen whenever he is "stressed out" or eats certain foods, especially raw fruit and baked beans. His doctor has determined that his intestinal tract is not inflamed. Based on this information, Corey probably has

irritable bowel symdrome

The _____ is an accessory organ of the digestive system.

liver

_____ is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells.

metabolism

Which of the following statements is true?

older adults have fewer taste buds than children

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain the vitamin are

placebos

Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy?

protein

A group of nutrition researchers interviews 100 adults who have chronic high blood pressure to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood. This study is an example of a ____ study.

retrospective

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use to identify lifestyle factors that may be related to the development of liver cancer in an adult population?

retrospective study

Rose has an autoimmune disease that destroyed her salivary glands. As a result of this condition, Rose probably

uses lots of spices and seasonings on her food

Which of the following nutrients is the most essential for life?

water

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

when a group of 6 year old children increase their physical activity level to 60 minutes a day, the children's muscle mass increases

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

when members of a population increase their consumption of milk and milk products, the risk of bone fractures decrease