DHO Chapter 7:1 Basic Structure of the Human Body - 7:2 Body Planes, Directions, and Cavities.
Body parts located near the sacral region or "tail".
Caudal
True or False Another word for the term ventral is posterior.
False
Body parts below the transverse plane.
Inferior
True or False The thymus produces antibodies and manufactures lymphocytes.
True
Body parts on the front of the body.
Ventral or Anterior
True or False After circulating, cerebrospinal fluid is absorbed into the blood vessels by special structures called choroid plexuses.
False
True or False Efferent nerves carry messages to the brain and spinal cord.
False
True or False Epithelial tissue is the supporting fabric of organs.
False
True or False Examples of adipose tissue include ligaments and tendons.
False
True or False Otosclerosis is an infection in the middle ear.
False
True or False Parkinson's disease can be treated by the surgical implantation of a shunt.
False
True or False Pinocytic vesicles contain digestive enzymes that digest and destroy old cells, bacteria and foreign materials.
False
True or False Sebaceous glands open on the surface of the skin at a pore.
False
True or False Sinuses are areas where cranial bones have joined together.
False
Identify the abdominal region: Region on the right side by the large bones of the spinal column.
Lumbar
Body parts close to the midline.
Medial
Plane that divides the body into a right and left side.
Midsaggital
List the organs located in the Buccal Cavity.
Mouth
List the organs located in the Nasal Cavity.
Nose
Body parts above the transverse plane.
Superior
Horizontal plane that divides the body into a top and bottom half.
Transverse
True or False Abnormal colors or skin eruptions can indicate disease.
True
True or False All twelve pairs of ribs attach to the thoracic vertebrae.
True
True or False Associative, or internuncial, nerves carry both sensory and motor messages.
True
True or False Body cavities spaces within the body that contain organs.
True
True or False Bones form a framework to support the body's muscles, fat and skin.
True
True or False Bones store most of the calcium supply of the body.
True
True or False Bones surround vital organs to protect them.
True
True or False Cells carry on all of the functions of life.
True
True or False Hard connective tissue includes cartilage and bone.
True
True or False Hemopoiesis is the production of blood cells.
True
True or False Joints are areas where two or more bones join together.
True
True or False Lymph nodes and tonsils are masses of lymphatic tissue.
True
True or False Muscles are made of bundles of muscle fibers.
True
True or False Muscles are partially contracted at all times.
True
True or False Muscular dystrophy results in a wasting away of the muscles.
True
True or False Myasthenia gravis is a chronic condition in which nerve impulse are not transmitted properly to the muscles.
True
The abdominal cavity can be divided into quadrants or four (4) main sections. Name these sections and the proper abbreviation for each section.
1. Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) 2. Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) 3. Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) 4. Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
List the organs located in the Cranial Cavity.
Contains the brain.
Body parts located near the head.
Cranial
Body parts away from the point of reference.
Distal
Body parts on the back of the body.
Dorsal or Posterior
Identify the abdominal region: Region above the stomach.
Epigastric
List the organs located in the Orbital Cavity.
Eyes
Some of the spinal nerves are responsible for special senses such as sight, hearing, taste, and smell.
False
The peripheral nervous system consists of 31 pairs of cranial nerves and 12 pairs of spinal nerves.
False
True or False A strain is a sudden, painful involuntary muscle contraction.
False
True or False Albinism is baldness, or a permanent loss of hair on the scalp.
False
True or False All purified lymph eventually drains into the thoracic duct..
False
True or False An insufficient amount of tissue fluid is called edema.
False
True or False Caudal is a term for the body parts located near the head.
False
True or False Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the arachnoid villi.
False
True or False Conduction deafness is a hearing loss caused by damage in the inner ear or auditory nerve.
False
True or False Cones are used for vision when it is dark and dim.
False
True or False Examples of hinge joints are the shoulder and hip joints.
False
True or False Fibromyalgia is an inflammation of tendons and fascia.
False
True or False Foramina are connective tissue bands that hold bones together.
False
True or False Hyperopia is nearsightedness.
False
True or False Lacrimal glands produce mucous that protects the eye.
False
True or False Lymph nodes range in size from that of a pinhead to that of a golf ball.
False
True or False Lymphatic vessels join to form lymphatic capillaries.
False
True or False Melanin and cyanosis are pigments that determine skin color.
False
True or False Muscles are frequently called osseous tissues.
False
True or False Muscles atrophy when they are exercised frequently.
False
True or False Myalgia is an overstretching or injury to a muscle.
False
True or False Nerve tissue is made of special cells called neurilemma.
False
True or False Neurons contain several axons to carry impulses to a cell body.
False
True or False Osteoporosis is an infection in bone.
False
True or False Skeletal muscles are also called smooth muscles.
False
True or False Special chemicals, called neuroprotective agents, allow nerve impulses to pass from one neuron to another.
False
True or False The abdominal cavity is frequently divided into six sections.
False
True or False The cranial cavity contains the orbital, nasal, and buccal cavities.
False
True or False The dermis is made of five or six smaller layers.
False
True or False The dorsal cavities are larger than the ventral cavities.
False
True or False The dura mater contains blood vessels to nourish the nerve tissue of the brain.
False
True or False The endocrine system contains the skin, sweat and oil glands, nails, and hair.
False
True or False The epiphysis is the long shaft of bones.
False
True or False The integumentary system produces and secretes hormones to regulate body processes.
False
True or False The main organs of the digestive system are the tongue, stomach, nose and ear.
False
True or False The myelin sheath insulates an axon to decrease the rate of impulse transmission.
False
True or False The nucleus, nucleolus, centrosome and mitochondria are all important in the cell's reproduction.
False
True or False The periosteum is a membrane that lines the medullary canal.
False
True or False The respiratory system carries oxygen and nutrients to body cells and waste products away from body cells.
False
True or False The thalamus regulates and controls temperature, appetite water balance and sleep.
False
True or False The thick, tough outer meninge is the pia mater.
False
True or False The tympanic membrane separates the middle ear from the inner ear.
False
True or False The urinary system carries tissues fluid and wastes to the blood ad assists with fighting infection.
False
True or False When blood vessels dilate, heat Is retained in the body.
False
True or False When muscles attach to bones, the end that moves when the muscle contracts is called the origin.
False
True or False Yellow marrow produces red and white blood cells.
False
True or False The appendicular skeleton forms the main trunk of the body.
False
Plane that divides the body into a front and back section.
Frontal
List the organs located in the Thoracic Cavity.
Heart, Lungs and large blood vessels.
Identify the abdominal region: Region on the left side below the ribs.
Hypochondriac
Identify the abdominal region: Region below the stomach.
Hypogastric or Pelvic
Identify the abdominal region: Region on the right side by the groin.
Iliac or Inguinal
Body parts away from the midline.
Lateral
Body parts close to the point of reference.
Proximal
List the organs located in the Spinal Cavity.
Spinal Cord
List the organs located in the Upper Abdominal Cavity.
Stomach, small intestines, liver, pancreas, and spleen.
True or False A synapse is a space between the axon of a neuron and the dendrites of other neurons.
True
True or False A cataract is a loss of transparency in the lens.
True
True or False A fascia is a sheetlike membrane that attaches muscles to bone.
True
True or False A fracture is a break or crack in a bone.
True
True or False A genome is the total mass of genetic instruction that humans inherit from their parents.
True
True or False A person with shingles can pass the virus to another individual who will develop shingles.
True
True or False A transient ischemic attack ( TIA) is often a warning sign of an impending CVA.
True
True or False A zygote contains 23 chromosomes from an ovum and 23 chromosomes from a sperm.
True
True or False Cerebrospinal fluid acts as a shock absorber.
True
True or False Computerized tomography (CT) scans are used to determine the cause of a cerebrovascular accident.
True
True or False Directional terms are created by body planes.
True
True or False Each os coxae is made of three bones called ilium, ischium, and pubis.
True
True or False Foot drop is a common fracture.
True
True or False General sense receptors for pressure, heat, cold, touch and pain are located in all parts of the body.
True
True or False Nails are made of dead, keratinized epidermal epithelial cells.
True
True or False Nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord do not reproduce when they are damaged or destroyed.
True
True or False Oil glands keep the hair from becoming brittle.
True
True or False Olfactory receptors determine the sense of smell.
True
True or False Protoplasm is made of ordinary elements.
True
True or False Purified lymph leaves a lymph node by a single lymphatic vessel.
True
True or False Refraction is bending of light rays so they focus on the retina.
True
True or False Sebum is an antibacterial and antifungal secretion that helps prevent infections on the skin.
True
True or False Special glands in the auditory canal produces a wax called cerumen to protect the ear.
True
True or False Special senses allow the body to react to the environment.
True
True or False Stem cells have the ability to transform themselves into any of the body's specialized cells.
True
True or False The Eustachian tube equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane.
True
True or False The ankle is distal and the knee is proximal to the hip.
True
True or False The blood in the umbilical cord and placenta contains stem cells that can be frozen in liquid nitrogen.
True
True or False The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
True
True or False The choroid coat is interlaced with blood vessels to nourish the eye.
True
True or False The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
True
True or False The diaphragm is important for respiration, or breathing.
True
True or False The lymphatic system works with the circulatory system to remove waste and excess fluid from the tissues.
True
True or False The medulla oblongata connects the brain with the spinal cord.
True
True or False The sense of taste depends on taste receptors on the tongue.
True
True or False The skin acts as a barrier to the sun's ultraviolet rays.
True
True or False The skin is a membrane, an organ and a system.
True
True or False The spinal cord ends at the first or second lumbar vertebrae.
True
True or False The subcutaneous tissue is made of connective and adipose tissue.
True
True or False The terms created by body planes and directions are used in the study of the anatomy of the human body.
True
True or False The thoracic duct drains into the left subclavian vein.
True
True or False The thymus is a mass of lymph tissue located in the center of the upper chest.
True
True or False Tonsils filter tissue fluid.
True
True or False Usually, the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the body.
True
Identify the abdominal region: region by the umbilicus or belly button.
Umbilical
List the organs located in the Pelvic Cavity ( or Lower Abdominal Cavity).
Urinary bladder and reproductive organs.
Separated into two cavities by the diaphragm.
Ventral Cavity
