Dietary Supplements Quiz Questions

The RDA for protein in healthy adults is

0.8 g/kg body weight per day

1/1 Individuals engaging in strength/power exercise should ingest protein in the range of

1.6 - 2.0 g/kg/day

According to the International Olympic Committee (IOC), caffeine is a "controlled or restricted substance". What urinary limit is caffeine considered illegal according to the IOC?

12 micrograms

How long does it take for taurine to reach peak levels in the blood after ingestion?

2 Hours

How much protein needs to be ingested post exercises to maximally stimulate muscle protein synthesis?

20 grams

A typical creatine supplementation protocol consists of a loading phase of

20g.day for 5 days

A typical creatine supplementation maintenance protocol consist of

3-5 g/day

How long before exercise does caffeine need to be ingested to maximize its ergogenic effect?

60 minutes

Creatine supplementation has been shown to have a positive effect on all but which of the following

Aerobic/ endurance capacity

1/1 Factors that may influence the effectiveness of caffeine include

All of the above

Reasons behind the public consumption of dietary supplements include

All of the above

The discussion section of a research article should include

All of the above

Which mode of administration of caffeine ingestion is more effective for enhancing performance?

Anhydrous caffeine (powder)

Most energy drinks typically contain varying amounts of which vitamin complex

B

Ingesting carbohydrate in a 6-8% solution during exercise is optimal. The sugar content of most energy drinks is closer to 11-12% by volume. Ingesting these higher percentages of carbohydrate in fluids has been reported to

Delay gastric emptying

In evaluating the methods section of a research report, which is a very important question to keep in mind?

Did the author provide enough information that the study could be repeated?

In 1994, the FDA became responsible for enforcement of a newly passed dietary supplement regulation called

Dietary supplements health education act

1/1 The ingestion of casein protein produces a sharp, rapid increase of plasma amino acids following ingestion, while the consumption of whey induces a moderate, prolonged increase in plasma amino acids

False

A dietary supplement is allowed to make a claim that it can "diagnose, treat, cure or prevent a disease"

False

In the study by Rawson and Volek, individuals who ingest creatine during resistance training will have on average a 3% greater increase in muscle strength than individuals ingesting a placebo

False

More muscle protein synthesis than breakdown indicates a catabolic state that builds lean tissues

False

Taurine is a essential amino acid

False

The majority of studies have found significant increases in heart rate following consumption of an energy drink

False

There are consistent findings that caffeine ingestion improves strength and power activities

False

Factors responsible for the inter-subject variability to caffeine includes all, except

Half-life of caffeine

Information that must be on a dietary supplement label includes all of the following except

Incomplete list of ingredients

The increased strength and improved performance following creatine ingestion results from which of the following mechanisms

Increased Muscle protein syntheses Increased satellite cell activity Increased creatine pool Increased intensity of performing individual workouts (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

Long term exposure of the body to excesses of simple sugar (as found in most energy drinks) is associated with the development of

Insulin Resistance

The methods section includes all of the following information, except

Interpretation of results

Which of the three branched chain amino acids (BCAA's) appears to play the most significant role in stimulating muscle protein synthesis?

Leucine

Dietary sources of creatine include

Meat

The majority of creatine stored in the human body is found in

Muscle

In a double blind investigation

Neither the subjects nor investigators are aware of the experimental conditions

Which of the following statements would appear in the procedures part of the methods section of a research report?

Participants in the experimental group exercised three days per week for 30 minutes per day for 10 weeks.

Which energy system will be enhanced following the ingestion of creatine concurrently with training?

Phosphocreatine

Protein turnover is the balance between

Protein synthesis and protein degradation

What type of study design is more rigorous and allows for better evidence

Randomized controlled trial

Which energy drink manufacturer commands the vast majority of all the revenues?

Red Bull

A research article includes all but which of the following sections:

Review of literature

At the end of a well-written introduction, the reader should be able to find the

Statement of the problem (purpose of study)

For which type of claim does a manufacturer have to include a disclaimer?

Structure/function claims

When a researcher states that a result is significant, this means that

The result is unlikely to be a chance occurrence

Creatine has the most pronounced effect on short duration (<30 seconds) high intensity intermittent exercises

True

For a proprietary blend, the specific amount of each individual ingredient in the blend does not have to be listed, only the total amount has to be listed

True

Manufacturers of energy drinks are not limited to a maximum amount of caffeine they are allowed to include in a given serving

True

Research has shown that users and non-users of caffeine respond differently to the same dose of the drug, and that regular caffeine consumption is associated with an upregulation of the number of adenosine receptors in the brain

True

The FDA could request the supplement manufacturer to conduct a recall of the product if the product is deemed unsafe

True

The manufacturer of the dietary supplement is responsible for the safety of their products

True

essential amino acids cannot be made by the body. As a result, they must be obtained from food

True

If a test is measuring what it is designed to measure, it is said that the test is:

Valid

The most popular dietary supplement (in terms of sales of the product) is

Vitamins and minerals

Common sources of protein include all, except

Wheat

Advertising of energy drinks are targeted primarily towards

Younger population

The range of caffeine intake (i.e. the dosage) for enhancing various types of performance is

3-6 mg/kg body weight

The recommended daily limit for caffeine is about

400mg

In comparison to some of the other sources of protein (for example soy or casein), whey contains more

Branched chain amino acids

There are many plausible theories for the beneficial effects of caffeine, however in recent years which mechanism has received the most attention?

Caffeine acting as an adenosine receptor antagonist

The primary ergogenic ingredient(s) in most energy drinks appears to be

Caffeine and Carbohydrate

The FTC (Federal Trade Commission) has primary responsibility for

Claims in advertising

3. What form of creatine appears to be the most effective in terms of improving lean body mass and anaerobic capacity?

Creatine Monohydrate