Digestion and Respiration study guide
the right lung has ___ lobes and ___ fissures
3, 2
Which of the following proteins transports some carbon dioxide in the blood?
Hemoglobin
The parietal cells of gastric glands secrete
hydrochloric acid
What is the effect of the bronchdilation on the diameter of the airways?
increased diameter
The organs of the upper respiratory tract are located outside the thorax.
True
The force that moves air into the lungs during inspiration comes from the
atmospheric pressure
The root canal of a tooth contains
blood vessels and nerves
The main part of the stomach is called the
body
Because of their location, swollen palatine tonsils may interfere with
both breathing and swallowing.
The force responsible for normal expiration is supplied by the
elastic recoil of tissues and surface tension
The ______, with a core of elastic cartilage, functions to seal off the top of the larynx during swallowing
epiglottis
in which four bones is the paranasal sinuses located?
ethmoid, frontal, sphenoid, maxilla
The pyloric sphincter serves as a valve that controls the movement of food between the esophagus and stomach.
false
Each main (primary) bronchus branches into ____ bronchi.
secondary
The major mixing movement in the small intestine is accomplished by
segmentation
pleura
serous membrane surrounding the lungs
The hollow space located within the frontal, sphenoid, maxillary, and ethmoid bones
sinuses
Over-the-counter antacids usually include
sodium, aluminum, calcium, or magnesium.
The hormone secretin
stimulates release of pancreatic juice.
tidal volume
volume of air moved in and out of lungs during a respiratory cycle
The mechanical breakup of food particles in the mouth is called
mastication
A set of primary teeth consists of 32 teeth, whereas a set of secondary teeth consists of 20 teeth.
False
Bile salts function as digestive enzymes to break down fatty acids.
False
Gas exchange occurs across alveolar pores.
False
The cecum is located at the inferior end of the descending colon.
False
The stomach is C-shaped and extends from the duodenum to the spleen.
False
Name the segment of the respiratory tract between the pharynx and the trachea.
Larynx
One of the functions of the large intestine is to
absorb ingested water.
Oxygen diffuses from the _______ to the _______ during external respiration.
alveolar air; blood
false vocal cords
are the upper folds inside the larynx
Which of the following is important in maintaining the pH of blood?
carbon dioxide
The pharynx functions as a ______, whereas the larynx functions as a ______.
common passageway for air and food; passageway for air only
The digestive system
ingests food, propels food, mechanically and chemically breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and defecates the remainder.
The volume of air that enters the lungs during forced maximal inspiration is the
inspiratory reserve volume
The trachea
is lined with a ciliated mucous membrane. includes 20 C-shaped cartilage rings. is a passageway for air.
The parotid glands are
largest of the salivary glands
The epiglottis is attached to the
larynx
The trachea conducts air from the ______ to the primary bronchi
larynx
The vocal cords are in the
larynx
pleural fluid
liquid that surrounds the lungs
Bacteria cause dental caries by
metabolizing carbohydrates in food, producing acidic by-products that damage enamel and dentin.
The functions of saliva include
moistening, binding and dissolving food particles; beginning chemical digestion of carbohydrates; and cleansing the teeth and mouth.
The correct sequence for the layers in the walls of the alimentary canal from innermost to outermost is the
mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa.
The two primary functions of the respiratory system
obtaining oxygen and removing carbon dioxide
Which of the following factors does not directly affect breathing rate?
pH
The respiratory control areas are in the
pons and medulla oblongata
list three functions of the respiratory system
remove CO2 from the body regulate blood pH participate in gathering olfactory information
identify the names of the lobes of the human left lung
superior and inferior lobes
The right lung has ______ lobes; the left lung has ______ lobes.
superior, middle, and inferior; superior and inferior
The first event in expiration is
the diaphragm and external intercostal respiratory muscles relax
The first event in inspiration is
the diaphragm moves downward and the external intercostal muscles contract.
The alimentary canal extends, in its entirety, from
the mouth to the anus
Respiration is:
the process of gas exchange between atmosphere and cells
Smokers are more susceptible to respiratory infections because
their respiratory passages lose cilia, which would otherwise remove bacteria
two characteristics of the paranasal sinuses
they are open to the nasal cavity the are lined with mucous membrane
The common hepatic duct and the cystic duct unite to form the
tidal volume
Carbon monoxide bonds to hemoglobin more effectively than does oxygen.
true
Vibrations of the _________ vocal cords produces sound
true