DM PrepU Adaptive Quizzing

Which is the best nursing explanation for the symptom of polyuria in a client with diabetes mellitus?

High sugar pulls fluid into the bloodstream, which results in more urine production.

Which statement best indicates that a client understands how to administer his own insulin injections?

"I wrote down the steps in case I forget what to do."

Once digested, what percentage of carbohydrates is converted to glucose?

100

Every morning, a client with type 1 diabetes receives 15 units of Humulin 70/30. What does this type of insulin contain?

70% NPH insulin and 30% regular insulin

Which factors will cause hypoglycemia in a client with diabetes? Select all that apply.

Client has not consumed food and continues to take insulin or oral antidiabetic medications. Client has not consumed sufficient calories. Client has been exercising more than usual.

Which is the primary dietary consideration for a client receiving insulin isophane suspension (NPH) at breakfast?

Encourage midday snack.

When the nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes, what clinical manifestation would be a priority to closely monitor?

Hypoglycemia

A client has been brought to the emergency department by paramedics after being found unconscious. The client's Medic Alert bracelet indicates that the client has type 1 diabetes and the client's blood glucose is 22 mg/dL (1.2 mmol/L). The nurse should anticipate what intervention?

IV administration of 50% dextrose in water

For a client with hyperglycemia, which assessment finding best supports a nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume?

Increased urine osmolarity

Exercise lowers blood glucose levels. Which of the following are the physiologic reasons that explain this statement. Select all that apply.

Increases lean muscle mass Increases resting metabolic rate as muscle size increases Decreases total cholesterol Increases glucose uptake by body muscles

A client with type 1 diabetes is experiencing polyphagia. The nurse knows to assess for which additional clinical manifestation(s) associated with this classic symptom?

Muscle wasting and tissue loss

Which is the primary reason for encouraging injection site rotation in an insulin dependent diabetic?

Promote absorption.

A client receives a daily injection of glargine insulin at 7:00 a.m. When should the nurse monitor this client for a hypoglycemic reaction?

This insulin has no peak action and does not cause a hypoglycemic reaction.

A nurse is preparing the daily care plan for a client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. The priority nursing concern for this client should be:

providing client education at every opportunity.

A nurse prepares teaching for a client with newly-diagnosed diabetes. Which statements about the role of insulin will the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

"Insulin permits entry of glucose into the cells of the body." "Insulin promotes synthesis of proteins in various body tissues." "Insulin promotes the storage of fat in adipose tissue."

A client has just been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. When teaching the client and family how diet and exercise affect insulin requirements, the nurse should include which guideline?

"You'll need less insulin when you exercise or reduce your food intake."

Glycosylated hemoglobin reflects blood glucose concentrations over which period of time?

3 months

A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nurse is educating the client about self-administration of insulin in the home setting. The nurse should teach the client to do what action?

Avoid using the same injection site more than once in 2 to 3 weeks.

A nurse is assigned to care for a patient who is suspected of having type 2 diabetes. Select all the clinical manifestations that the nurse knows could be consistent with this diagnosis.

Blurred or deteriorating vision Fatigue and irritability Polyuria and polydipsia Wounds that heal slowly or respond poorly to treatment

Which of the following is an age-related change that may affect diabetes? Select all that apply.

Decreased renal function Taste changes Decreased vision

Which of the following insulins are used for basal dosage?

Glarginet (Lantus)

A type 2 diabetic is ordered metformin (Glucophage) as part of the management regime. Which is the best nursing explanation for the action of this drug in controlling glucose levels?

Helps tissues use insulin more efficiently

When the nurse inspects the feet of a diabetic, a tack is found sticking in the sole of one foot. The client denies feeling anything unusual in the foot. Which is the best rationale for this finding?

High blood sugar decreases blood circulation to nerves.

A client with a 30-year history of type 2 diabetes is having an annual physical and blood work. Which test result would the physician be most concerned with when monitoring the client's treatment compliance?

glycosylated hemoglobin

A 60-year-old client comes to the ED reporting weakness, vision problems, increased thirst, increased urination, and frequent infections that do not seem to heal easily. The physician suspects that the client has diabetes. Which classic symptom should the nurse watch for to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes?

Increased hunger

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which finding suggests that the client has developed hyperglycemia?

Increased urine output

The nurse is describing the action of insulin in the body to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which of the following would the nurse explain as being the primary action?

It enhances the transport of glucose across the cell membrane.

A nurse is preparing to administer two types of insulin to a client with diabetes mellitus. What is the correct procedure for preparing this medication?

The short-acting insulin is withdrawn before the intermediate-acting insulin.

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is being taught about self-injection of insulin. Which fact about site rotation should the nurse include in the teaching?

Use all available injection sites within one area.

Which would not be observed in a client with diabetic peripheral neuropathy?

hyperconduction of electrical stimulation along nerves

Which factor is the focus of nutrition intervention for clients with type 2 diabetes?

weight loss