E3

The nurse is providing instructions to a patient scheduled for a gastroscopy. What should the nurse be sure to include in the instructions? (Select all that apply.) a) The patient must fast for 8 hours before the examination. b) The patient must have bowel cleansing prior to the procedure. c) The throat will be sprayed with a local anesthetic. d) After gastroscopy, the patient cannot eat or drink until the gag reflex returns (1 to 2 hours). e) The physician will be able to determine if there is a presence of bowel disease.

• The patient must fast for 8 hours before the examination. • The throat will be sprayed with a local anesthetic. • After gastroscopy, the patient cannot eat or drink until the gag reflex returns (1 to 2 hours).

The nurse recognizes that the patient diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer will likely experience a) weight loss. b) vomiting. c) hemorrhage. d) pain 2 to 3 hours after a meal.

pain 2 to 3 hours after a meal.

A client presented with gastrointestinal bleeding 2 days ago and continues to have problems. The physician has ordered a visualization of the small intestine via a capsule endoscopy. Which of the following will the nurse include in the client education about this procedure? a) "The physician will use a scope called a capsule to view your intestine." b) "A capsule will be inserted into your rectum." c) "An x-ray machine will use a capsule ray to follow your intestinal tract." d) "You will need to swallow a capsule."

"You will need to swallow a capsule."

A client with peptic ulcer disease must begin triple medication therapy. For how long will the client follow this regimen? a) 15 to 20 days b) 7 to 9 days c) 4 to 6 days d) 10 to 14 days

10 to 14 days

A patient is admitted to the hospital for an emergency appendectomy. During the admission history, the nurse notes that the patient had a cheese steak sandwich for lunch at 11 AM, 3 hours prior to admission. The nurse reported this information to the surgeon. Based on the nurse's knowledge of GI motility, she is aware that the food from lunch should reach the colon as early as ______ PM and reach the rectum by ______ PM. a) 1:00 pm; 6:00 PM b) 6:00 pm; 9:00 PM c) 8:00 pm; 12:00 PM d) 3:00 pm; 11:00 PM

3:00 pm; 11:00 PM

One way for the nurse to confirm placement of a nasogastric tube is to test the pH of the tube aspirate. The nurse knows that tube placement in the lungs is indicated with a pH of: a) 2 b) 6 c) 4 d) 1

6

A client reports to the clinic, stating that she rapidly developed headache, abdominal pain, nausea, hiccuping, and fatigue about 2 hours ago. For dinner, she ate buffalo chicken wings and beer. Which of the following medical conditions is most consistent with the client's presenting problems? a) Duodenal ulcer b) Gastric cancer c) Acute gastritis d) Gastric ulcer

Acute gastritis

The nurse practitioner suspects that a patient may have a gastric ulcer after completing a history and physical exam. Select an indicator that can be used to help establish the distinction. a) Sensitivity to the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) b) Patient's age c) Presence of H. pylori d) Amount of hydrochloric acid (HCL) secretion in the stomach

Amount of hydrochloric acid (HCL) secretion in the stomach

Symptoms associated with pyloric obstruction include all of the following except: a) Epigastric fullness b) Diarrhea c) Nausea and vomiting d) Anorexia

Anorexia

A nurse caring for a patient who has had radical neck surgery notices an abnormal amount of serosanguineous secretions in the wound suction unit during the first postoperative day. An expected normal amount of drainage is: a) Between 120 and 160 mL. b) Approximately 80 to 120 mL. c) Between 40 and 80 mL. d) Greater than 160 mL.

Approximately 80 to 120 mL.

A patient is scheduled for a fiberoptic colonoscopy. What does the nurse know that fiberoptic colonoscopy is most frequently used to diagnose? a) Inflammatory bowel disease b) Cancer screening c) Bowel disease of unknown origin d) Occult bleeding

Cancer screening

Which of the following clients is at highest risk for peptic ulcer disease? a) Client with blood type B b) Client with blood type A c) Client with blood type O d) Client with blood type AB

Client with blood type O

A client is scheduled for an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) to detect lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. The nurse would observe for which of the following while assessing the client during the procedure? a) Client's tolerance for pain and discomfort b) Signs of perforation c) Client's ability to retain the barium d) Gag reflex

Client's tolerance for pain and discomfort

A client is scheduled for several diagnostic tests to evaluate her gastrointestinal function. After teaching the client about these tests, the nurse determines that the client has understood the teaching when she identifies which test as not requiring the use of a contrast medium? a) Small bowel series b) Colonoscopy c) Upper GI series d) Computer tomography

Colonoscopy

A 50-year-old woman is scheduled to have an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Which of the following structures are visualized during this procedure? a) Portal vein, pancreatic duct, and biliary tree b) Portal vein, gallbladder, and pancreatic duct c) Common bile duct, portal vein, and gallbladder d) Common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and biliary tree

Common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and biliary tree

A nurse is administering a tube feeding to a client at risk of developing diarrhea due to the hypertonic feeding solution ordered by the client's healthcare provider. What kind of feeding should the nurse administer to the client to reduce this risk? a) Continuous feedings b) Intermittent feeding c) Bolus feeding d) Cyclic feeding

Continuous feedings

A client has a family history of stomach cancer. Which of the following factors would further increase the client's risk for developing gastric cancer? Select all that apply. a) High intake of fruits and vegetables b) Age 55 years c) Caucasian ancestry d) Previous infection with H. pylori e) Female gender

Correct response: • Age 55 years • Previous infection with H. pylori

A client with peptic ulcer disease wants to know nonpharmacological ways that he can prevent recurrence. Which of the following measures would the nurse recommend? Select all that apply. a) Substitution of coffee with decaffeinated products b) Following a regular schedule for rest, relaxation, and meals c) Avoidance of alcohol d) Smoking cessation e) Eating whenever hungry

Correct response: • Smoking cessation • Avoidance of alcohol • Following a regular schedule for rest, relaxation, and meals

The nurse is caring for a patient who complains of abdominal bloating, distention, and feeling full of gas. These could be symptoms of which of the following? a) Dyspepsia b) Rectal cancer c) Food allergy d) Small bowel obstruction

Food allergy

Postoperatively, a patient with a radical neck dissection should be placed in which position? a) Side-lying b) Prone c) Supine d) Fowler's

Fowler's

Symptoms associated with pyloric obstruction include all of the following except: a) Epigastric fullness b) Nausea and vomiting c) Diarrhea d) Anorexia

Diarrhea

Which of the following appears to be a significant factor in the development of gastric cancer? a) Diet b) Ethnicity c) Gender d) Age

Diet

When gastric analysis testing reveals excess secretion of gastric acid, which of the following medical diagnoses is supported? a) Duodenal ulcer b) Chronic atrophic gastritis c) Gastric cancer d) Pernicious anemia

Duodenal ulcer

A nurse is admitting a severely malnourished and nonverbal client to the hospital. Identify which of the following factors contribute to the nutritional function of the digestive system. Select all that apply. a) Intact dentition of the upper and lower teeth b) Absence of intrinsic factor in the gastric mucosa c) Increased secretion of gastrin d) Increased saliva production e) Peristaltic contractions in the stomach

Peristaltic contractions in the stomach • Intact dentition of the upper and lower teeth

Which diagnostic produces images of the body by detecting the radiation emitted from radioactive substances? a) Positron emission tomography (PET) b) Computed tomography (CT) c) Fibroscopy d) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Positron emission tomography (PET)

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a percutaneous liver biopsy. Which diagnostic test is obtained prior? a) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) b) Complete blood count (CBC) c) Blood chemistry d) Prothrombin time (PT)

Prothrombin time (PT)

A patient tells the nurse that his stool was colored yellow. The nurse assesses for which of the following? a) Recent foods ingested b) Occult blood c) Ingestion of bismuth d) Pilonidal cyst

Recent foods ingested

A client with diabetes begins to have digestive problems and is told by the physician that they are a complication of the diabetes. Which of the following explanations from the nurse is most accurate? a) The nerve fibers of the intestinal lining are experiencing neuropathy. b) The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes. c) Elevated glucose levels cause bacteria overgrowth in the large intestine. d) Insulin has an adverse effect of constipation.

The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes.

A client is to have an upper GI procedure with barium ingestion and abdominal ultrasonography. While scheduling these diagnostic tests, the nurse must consider which factor? a) The client may eat a light meal before either test. b) The ultrasonography should be scheduled before the GI procedure. c) The upper GI should be scheduled before the ultrasonography. d) Both tests need to be done before breakfast.

The ultrasonography should be scheduled before the GI procedure.

A client informs the nurse that he is taking a stimulant laxative in order to be able to have a bowel movement daily. What should the nurse inform the client about the taking a stimulant laxative? a) As long as the client is drinking 8 glasses of water per day, he can continue to take them. b) The laxative is safe to take with other medication the client is taking. c) The client should take a fiber supplement along with the stimulant laxative. d) They can be habit forming and will require increasing doses to be effective.

They can be habit forming and will require increasing doses to be effective.

Why are antacids administered regularly, rather than as needed, in peptic ulcer disease? a) To keep gastric pH at 3.0 to 3.5 b) To maintain a regular bowel pattern c) To increase pepsin activity d) To promote client compliance

To keep gastric pH at 3.0 to 3.5

The nurse is doing an admission assessment on a client with a history of dudenal ulcer. To determine whether the problem is currently active, the nurse should assess the client for which symptoms of dudenal ulcers? a. weight loss b. nausea and vomiting c. pain relieved by food intake d. pain radiating down the right arm

pain relieved by food intake

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing a diagnostic workup for a suspected GI problem. The client reports gnawing epigastric pain following meals and heartburn. The nurse suspects the client has: a) appendicitis. b) ulcerative colitis. c) diverticulitis. d) peptic ulcer disease.

peptic ulcer disease.

A nursing instructor tells the class that review of oral hygiene is an important component during assessment of the gastrointestinal system. One of the students questions this statement. Which of the following explanations from the nurse educator is most appropriate? a) "Injury to oral mucosa or tooth decay can lead to difficulty in chewing food." b) "Decaying teeth secrete toxins that decrease the absorption of nutrients." c) "Bad breath will encourage ingestion of fatty foods to mask odor." d) "Mouth sores are caused by bacteria that can thin the villi of the small intestine."

"Injury to oral mucosa or tooth decay can lead to difficulty in chewing food."

A client who had a colonoscopy with removal of a polyp is being prepared for discharge. Which of the following would the nurse include in the discharge instructions? a) "Call your physician if there is even slight bleeding with your first bowel movement." b) "You might experience some nausea and vomiting for a day or so. This is normal." c) "You might feel some cramping and gas but these usually go away in about a day." d) "Be sure to eat high fiber foods when you get home to help you move your bowels."

"You might feel some cramping and gas but these usually go away in about a day."

A client with severe peptic ulcer disease has undergone surgery and is several hours postoperative. During assessment, the nurse notes that the client has developed cool skin, tachycardia, and labored breathing; the client also appears to be confused. Which of the following complications has the client most likely developed? a) Penetration b) Pyloric obstruction c) Perforation d) Hemorrhage

Hemorrhage

The nurse is doing a preoperative teaching with a client who is about to undergo creation of a Kock pouch. The nurse interprets that the client has the best understanding of the nature of the surgery if the client makes which statement? a. I will be able to pass stool by the rectum eventually b. the drainage from this type of ostomy will be formed c. i will need to drain the pouch regularly with a catheter

I will need to drain the pouch regularly with a catheter

The nurse preparing a patient for a colostomy is preparing to administer the lavage solution. The nurse stops and notifies the physician when the nurse notes that the patient has which of the following? a) Pulmonary hypertension b) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) c) Congestive heart failure d) Inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease

The nurse preparing a patient for a colostomy is preparing to administer the lavage solution. The nurse stops and notifies the physician when the nurse notes that the patient has which of the following? a) Pulmonary hypertension b) Congestive heart failure c) Inflammatory bowel disease d) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Inflammatory bowel disease

The client has been taking famotidine (Pepcid) at home. The nurse prepares a teaching plan for the client indicating that the medication acts primarily to achieve which of the following? a) Inhibit gastric acid secretions. b) Shorten the time required for digestion in the stomach. c) Improve the mixing of foods and gastric secretions. d) Neutralize acid in the stomach.

Inhibit gastric acid secretions.

A client calls the nurse into her room and admits to peeking at her chart. She saw that she has borborygmi and is concerned. Which of the following explanations will the nurse give about this term? a) Altered laboratory test result for bile b) Severe boredom c) Positive hydrogen breath test d) Loud, prolonged stomach growling

Loud, prolonged stomach growling

Diet modifications for patient diagnosed with chronic inflammatory bowel disease include which of the following? a) Iron restriction b) Low residue c) Calorie restriction d) Low protein

Low residue

A nurse is caring for a client with active upper GI bleeding. What is the appropriate diet for this client during the first 24 hours after admission? a) Regular diet b) Nothing by mouth c) Skim milk d) Clear liquids

Nothing by mouth

A nurse practitioner, who is treating a patient with GERD, knows that responsiveness to this drug classification is validation of the disease. The drug classification is: a) Proton pump inhibitors. b) H2-receptor antagonists. c) Antacids d) Antispasmodics

Proton pump inhibitors.

A nurse is providing postprocedure instructions for a client who had an esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The nurse should perform which action? a) Tell the client there aren't specific instructions for after the procedure. b) Review the instructions with the person accompanying the client home. c) Tell the client to call back in the morning so she can give him instructions over the phone. d) Give instructions to the client immediately before discharge.

Review the instructions with the person accompanying the client home.

A client is admitted with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis. When assessing the abdomen, the nurse would expect to find rebound tenderness at which location? a) Left lower quadrant b) Right lower quadrant c) Right upper quadrant d) Left upper quadrant

Right lower quadrant

The nurse is instructing the client who was newly diagnosed with peptic ulcers. Which of the following diagnostic studies would the nurse anticipate reviewing with the client? a) A sigmoidoscopy b) Gastric analysis c) A complete blood count including differential d) Serum antibodies for H. pylori

Serum antibodies for H. pylori

Which of the following are characteristics associated with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES)? Select all that apply. a) Severe peptic ulcers b) Gastrin-secreting tumors of the pancreas c) Constipation d) Hypocalcemia e) Extreme gastric hyperacidity

Severe peptic ulcers Extreme gastric hyperacidity Gastrin-secreting tumors of the pancreas

An elderly patient is diagnosed with parotitis. The nurse is aware that this bacterial infection is most likely caused by: a) Staphylococcus aureus. b) Pneumococcus. c) Pseudomonas. d) Streptococcus viridans.

Staphylococcus aureus.

When describing the role of the pancreas to a client with a pancreatic dysfunction, the nurse would identify which substance as being acted on by pancreatic lipase? a) Starch b) Triglycerides c) Protein d) Glucose

Triglycerides

Which of the following is an age-related change of the GI system? a) Increased motility b) Increased mucus secretion c) Weakened gag reflex d) Hypertrophy of the small intestine

Weakened gag reflex

Which of the following assessment findings would be most important for indicating dumping syndrome in a postgastrectomy client? a) Abdominal distention, elevated temperature, weakness before eating b) Constipation, rectal bleeding following bowel movements c) Persistent loose stools, chills, hiccups after eating d) Weakness, diaphoresis, diarrhea 90 minutes after eatin

Weakness, diaphoresis, diarrhea 90 minutes after eatin

The nurse is monitoring a client with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer. Which assessment finding would most likely indicate perforation of the ulcer? a. bradycardia b. numbness in the legs c. nausea and vomiting d. a rigid, boardlike abdomen

a rigid, boardlike abdomen

A client has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and the nurse is assessing the client's pain. What type of pain is consistent with this diagnosis? a. burning and aching, located in the left lower quadrant and radiating to the hip b. severe and unrelenting, located in the epigastric area and radiating to the back c. burning and aching, located in the epigastric area and radiating to the umbilicus

severe and unrelenting, located in the epigastric area and radiating to the back

A nurse is teaching a client with malabsorption syndrome about the disorder and its treatment. The client asks which part of the GI tract absorbs food. The nurse tells the client that products of digestion are absorbed mainly in the: a) small intestine. b) stomach. c) large intestine. d) rectum.

small intestine.

The nurse is monitoring a client for early signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome. Which findings indicate this occurrence? a. sweating and pallor b. bradycardia and indigestion c. double vision and chest pain d. abdominal cramping and pain

sweating and pallor

A client had a new colostomy created two days earlier and is beginning to pass malodorous flatus from the stoma. What is the correct intepretaton by the nurse? a. this is a normal, expected event b. the client is experiencing early signs of ischemic bowel c. the client should nothave the nasogastric bowel removed.

this is a normal, expected event

The nurse is planning to teach a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease about substances to avoid. Which items should the nurse include on this list? Select all that apply. a. coffee b. chocolate c. peppermint d. nonfat milk e. fried chicken f. scrambled eggs

coffee, chocolate, peppermint, fried chicken

The nurse is reviewing a prescription for a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Which interventions would the nurse expect to be prescribed for the client? Select all that apply. a. administer antacids as prescribed. b. encourage coughing and deep breathing. c. administer anticholinergics as prescribed. d. give small, frequent high calorie feedings e. maintain the client in a supine and flat position f. give meperidine (Demerol) as prescribed for pain

administer antacids as prescribed. encourage coughing and deep breathing. administer anticholinergics as prescribed. give meperidine (Demerol) as prescribed for pain

The nurse is reviewing the record of a client with Crohn's disease. Which stool characteristic should the nurse expect to note documented in the client's record? a. diarrhea b. chronic constipation c. constipation alternating with diarrhea d. stool constantly oozing from the rectum

diarrhea

The nurse is assessing a client 24 hours following a cholecystectomy. The nurse notes that the T-tube has drained 750 mL of green-brown drainage since the surgery. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate? a. clamp the T-tube b. irrigate the T-tube c. document the findings d. notify the health care provider

document the findings

A client has developed hepatitis A after eating contaminated oysters. The nurse assesses the client for which expected assessment finding? a. malaise b. dark stools c. weight gain d. left upper quadrant discomfort

malaise

The nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing an acute episode of cholecystitis. Where should the nurse anticipate the location of the pain? a. right lower quadrant, radiating to the back b. right lower quadrant, radiating to the umbilicus c. right upper quadrant, radiating to the left scapula and the shoulder

right upper quadrant, radiating to the left scapula and the shoulder

The nurse is assessing for stoma proplapse in a client with a colostomy. What should the nurse observe if stoma prolapse occurs? a. protuding stoma b. sunken and hidden stoma c. narrowed and flattened stoma d. dark and bluish colored stoma

protuding stoma

The client has a chancre on his lips. The nurse instructs the client to a) Gargle with an antiseptic solution. b) Avoid foods that could irritate the lesion. c) Take measures to prevent spreading the lesion to other people. d) Apply warm soaks to the lip.

Take measures to prevent spreading the lesion to other people.

A client is prescribed a histamine (H2)-receptor antagonist. The nurse understands that the following are H2-receptor antagonists. Choose all that apply. a) Cimetidine (Tagamet) b) Lansoprazole (Prevacid) c) Esomeprazole (Nexium) d) Famotidine (Pepcid) e) Nizatidithene (Axid) f) Ranitidine (Zantac)

• Nizatidithene (Axid) • Ranitidine (Zantac) • Famotidine (Pepcid) • Cimetidine (Tagamet)

The nurse is reviewing the record of a client with a diagnosis of cirrhosis and notes that there is documentation of the presence of asterixis. How should the nurse assess for its presence? a. dorsiflex the client's foot b. measure the abdominal girth c. ask the client to extend the arms d. instruct the client to learn forward

ask the client to extend the arms

A client is admitted to the health care facility with a diagnosis of a bleeding gastric ulcer. The nurse expects this client's stools to be: a) black and tarry. b) bright red. c) clay-colored. d) coffee-ground-like.

black and tarry.

Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder characterized by pulmonary and pancreatic dysfunction, usually appears in young children but can also affect adults. If the pancreas was functioning correctly, where would the bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the GI system? a) Cecum b) Ileum c) Jejunum d) Duodenum

Duodenum

Tyrone Freeman is a 49-year-old male being treated for GERD at the gastroenterology office where you work. During his visit, he states that his reflux is much improved, but now, he is having diarrhea. In addition to his prescribed treatment for GERD, he has been taking an antacid. Which of the following components of an antacid might be causing his diarrhea? a) Magnesium b) Aluminum c) None of the above d) Calcium

Magnesium

A client presents to the emergency department, reporting that he has been vomiting every 30 to 40 minutes for the past 8 hours. Frequent vomiting puts this client at risk for which imbalances? a) Metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia b) Metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia c) Metabolic alkalosis and hyperkalemia d) Metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia

Metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia

The nurse is assisting the physician in a percutaneous liver biopsy. In which position would the nurse assist the client to assume? a) Lithotomy position b) Supine position c) Dorsal recumbent position d) A high Fowler's position

Supine position

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of chronic gastritis. The nurse monitors the client knowing that this client is at risk for which vitamin deficiency? a. vitamin A b. vitamin B12 c. vitamin C d. vitamin E

vitamin B12

While preparing a client for an upper GI endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenscopy), the nurse should implement which interventions? Choose all that apply. a) Tell the client that he may eat and drink immediately after the procedure. b) Tell the client he shouldn't eat or drink for 6 to 12 hours before the procedure. c) Administer a preparation to cleanse the GI tract, such as Golytely or Fleets Phospha-Soda. d) Tell the client he must be on a clear liquid diet for 24 hours before the procedure. e) Inform the client that he will receive a sedative before the procedure.

• Tell the client he shouldn't eat or drink for 6 to 12 hours before the procedure. • Inform the client that he will receive a sedative before the procedure.

A client is prescribed tetracycline to treat peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following instructions would the nurse give the client? a) "Take the medication with milk." b) "Expect a metallic taste when taking this medicine, which is normal." c) "Do not drive when taking this medication." d) "Be sure to wear sunscreen while taking this medicine."

"Be sure to wear sunscreen while taking this medicine."

The nurse is educating a patient about to undergo hydrogen breath testing about the test. The nurse evaluates that the patient understands the test when he states which of the following? a) "The test will detect the presence of oral cancer." b) "The test will detect the presence of staph." c) "First I will drink a cherry flavored liquid." d) "I should avoid antibiotics for 1 month before the test."

"I should avoid antibiotics for 1 month before the test."

A home care nurse is caring for a client with complaints of epigastric discomfort who is scheduled for a barium swallow. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the test? a) "I'll avoid eating or drinking anything 6 to 8 hours before the test." b) "I'll take a laxative to clear my bowels before the test." c) "There is no need for special preparation before the test." d) "I'll drink full liquids the day before the test."

"I'll avoid eating or drinking anything 6 to 8 hours before the test."

A patient asks the nurse why the physician ordered the blood test carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The nurse answers: a) "It indicates if a cancer is present." b) "It determines functionality of the liver." c) "It detects a protein normally found in the blood." d) "It tells the physician what type of cancer is present."

"It indicates if a cancer is present."

When caring for a client with an acute exacerbation of a peptic ulcer, the nurse finds the client doubled up in bed with severe pain to his right shoulder. The intial appropriate action by the nurse is to a) Irrigate the client's NG tube. b) Place the client in the high-Fowler's position. c) Notify the health care provider. d) Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs.

Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs.

A client, age 82, is admitted to an acute care facility for treatment of an acute flare-up of a chronic GI condition. In addition to assessing the client for complications of the current illness, the nurse monitors for age-related changes in the GI tract. Which age-related change increases the risk of anemia? a) Atrophy of the gastric mucosa b) Dulling of nerve impulses c) Increase in bile secretion d) Decrease in intestinal flora

Atrophy of the gastric mucosa

A client, age 82, is admitted to an acute care facility for treatment of an acute flare-up of a chronic GI condition. In addition to assessing the client for complications of the current illness, the nurse monitors for age-related changes in the GI tract. Which age-related change increases the risk of anemia? a) Increase in bile secretion b) Atrophy of the gastric mucosa c) Decrease in intestinal flora d) Dulling of nerve impulses

Atrophy of the gastric mucosa

An elderly client seeks medical attention for a vague complaint of difficulty swallowing. Which of the following assessment findings is most significant as related to this symptom? a) Hiatal hernia b) Esophageal tumor c) Gastritis d) Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Esophageal tumor

An elderly client states, "I don't understand why I have so many caries in my teeth." The nurse assesses the following as placing the client at risk: a) Exhibiting hemoglobin A1C 8.2 b) Drinking fluoridated water c) Eating fruits and cheese in diet d) Using a soft-bristled toothbrush

Exhibiting hemoglobin A1C 8.2

A few hours after eating hot and spicy chicken wings, a client presents with lower chest pain. He wonders if he is having a heart attack. How should the nurse proceed first? a) Explain that fatty foods can mimic chest pain. b) Administer an over-the-counter antacid tablet. c) Call for an immediate electrocardiogram. d) Further investigate the initial complaint.

Further investigate the initial complaint.

A client has a new order for metoclorpramide (Reglan). The nurse identifies that this medication can be safely administered for which conditon? a) Diverticulitis with perforation b) Gastroesophageal reflux disease c) Peptic ulcer with melena d) Gastritis

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

The nurse is assessing a patient with an ulcer for signs and symptoms of hemorrhage. The nurse interprets which of the following as a sign/symptom of possible hemorrhage? a) Polyuria b) Hypertension c) Hematemesis d) Bradycardia

Hematemesis

Which diagnostic test would be used first to evaluate a client with upper GI bleeding? a) Endoscopy b) Upper GI series c) Arteriography d) Hemoglobin and hematocrit

Hemoglobin and hematocrit

It is important for a nurse to have an understanding of the major digestive enzymes and their actions. Choose the gastric mucosa secretion that plays an important role in the digestion of triglycerides. a) Ptyalin b) Steapsin c) Amylase d) Trypsin

Steapsin

The nurse is assisting the physician in a percutaneous liver biopsy. In which position would the nurse assist the client to assume? a) Dorsal recumbent position b) Supine position c) Lithotomy position d) A high Fowler's position

Supine position

The nurse is assisting the physician in a percutaneous liver biopsy. In which position would the nurse assist the client to assume? a) Lithotomy position b) Dorsal recumbent position c) Supine position d) A high Fowler's position

Supine position