EAQ: Chronic Neurological Conditions

which caregiver's actions, implemented during the patient's acute seizure episode, indicates understanding of the home care measures taught prior to discharge? select all that apply.

-turning the patient to their side -loosening the patient's tight clothing -easing the patient to the floor, if seated

for the patient with myasthenia gravis, which factors experienced in the patient's current life led to development of respiratory failure and a myasthenic crisis, requiring admission? select all that apply.

-attended the funeral of a family member earlier in the week -took an antibiotic prescribed for a urinary tract infection -was diagnosed with urinary tract infection previous week -omitted pyridostigmine (Mestinon) on the previous day

which information would the nurse provide the concerned parents of a child recently diagnosed with typical absence seizures? select all that apply.

-brief staring spells are a characteristic of the seizure -flashing lights usually precipitate this type of seizure activity -the occurrence of seizures usually subsides during adolescence

for the patient with Parkinson's disease, which dietary adjustments would the nurse include in the plan of care to prevent malnutrition and constipation? select all that apply.

-cut foods into bite-sized pieces -serve hot foods on a warmed plate -include whole grains and fruits in the diet

when reviewing the admission assessment data of a hospitalized pediatric patient, which findings would the nurse associate with the clinical manifestation of typical absence seizures? select all that apply.

-daydreaming -hyperventilation -electroencephalogram results

which information would the nurse include when teaching a patient with multiple sclerosis about the advantages of exercise during remission? select all that apply.

-decreases spasticity -increases coordination -retrains unaffected muscles to substitute for impaired ones

when performing a physical examination of a patient with Parkinson's disease, which associated clincial manifestations would the nurse likely identify? select all that apply.

-drooling of saliva -decreased arm swing -shuffling, propulsive gait

for the patient with parkinson's disease who is taking levodopa with carbidopa (sinemet), the nurse would monitor the potential development of which side effects? select all that apply.

-dyskinesia -involuntary eyelid movements -severe nausea and vomiting

which information would the nurse provide the caregiver of a patient with acute seizures regarding actions to implement if another seizure occurs at home? select all that apply.

-ease the patient to the floor -loosen constrictive clothes -protect the patient from any injury

for the patient reporting difficulty with eye and eyelid movement, chewing, swallowing, speaking, and breathing, which diagnostic findings would the nurse associate with myasthenia gravis? select all that apply.

-improved muscle contractility during the Tensilon test -decreased response to repeated stimulation of hand muscles during electromyography (EMG) test

which patients actions would be responsible for a reported decrease in headache events at a follow-up clinic visit? select all that apply.

-meditating in the evenings -performing yoga in the mornings -taking sumatriptan (Imitrex) once a day

which factors lead to a higher risk of accidents or injuries in older adults? select all that apply.

-neurological impairment -decreased visual acuity -changes in gait and balance

which specific patient assessments would the nurse perform immediately after a status epilepticus event subsides? select all that apply.

-oxygenation -oral body temperature -respiratory rate and pattern

for the patient receiving emergency treatment for continuous muscle contractions and loss of consciousness secondary to head trauma, which medications would the nurse anticipate administering? select all that apply.

-phenytoin (dilantin) -carbamazepine (tegretol)

which criterion would the nurse associate with the health care provider's diagnosis of parkinson's disease? select all that apply.

-positive response to antiparkinsonian medications -presence of two of the three classic features: rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor

during an acute exacerbation of the patient's multiple sclerosis, which interventions would the nurse implement? select all that apply.

-prevent the complication of pressure ulcers -prevent the complication of urinary tract infections

which interventions would the nurse implement immediately for the patient experiencing generalized tonic-clonic seizures due to hypoxia? select all that apply.

-remove restrictive clothing -ensure the presence of a patent airway

which teaching will the nurse provide for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presents to the emergency room after a grand mal seizure?

"seizures are a common occurrence in SLE but can ideally be managed with oral medications"

when teaching the clinical manifestations of cluster headaches to a group, which statement would the nurse include?

"the pain experienced in cluster headaches is unilateral"

which patient complaint would indicate that the individual may be experiencing clinical manifestations of a cluster headache?

"the pain wakes me up and disturbs my sleep at night."

which patients statements, made during the nurse's neurologic assessment, support the health care provider's diagnosis of cluster headache? select all that apply.

-"my cheeks also ache during the headache." -"my skin appears pale during the headache." -"i don't feel like sitting in one place during the headache."

for the patient receiving initial medications for treatment of multiple sclerosis, which medication would the nurse associate with the patient's reports of flu-like symptoms, depressed feelings, and frequent thoughts of committing suidicde?

B-1a interferon (rebif)

which disorder would the nurse associate with a patient's clinical manifestations of a throbbing headache and photophobia occurring prior to the headache onset, as well as a history of this type of headache?

a migraine headache

which prescribed medication would the nurse anticipate administering to the patient complaining of a severe headache, neck stiffness, and intensified pain upon exposure to sound?

acetaminophen (tylenol)

which treatment option would the nurse associate with the patient who was received in the emergency department in an unconscious state, who has a routine prescription of gabapentin (neurontin) for a history of epilepsy, and who is experiencing recurring seizures in rapid succession?

administer diazepam (valium) IV

the patient with parkinson's disease lost 35 pounds (15.9 kg) over the last two months, and a swallow study indicates ability to swallow without aspiration. which intervention would the nurse discuss with the patient and spouse to improve nutritional intake?

allow adequate time for the patient to eat each of six small meals

for the patient with multiple sclerosis, which action would the nurse classify as a priority intervention when developing the patient's plan of care?

assist the patient in identifying the factors that precipitate exacerbations

"drop attacks" are a characteristic of which type of seizure?

atonic seizures

for which condition would the nurse administer 100% oxygen immediately?

cluster headache

which condition would the nurse anticipate integrating into the patient's plan of care when the patient reports swelling around one eye, gum pain, unilateral lacrimation, and nasal congestion after applying perfume?

cluster headache

which type of headache would the nurse associate with the patient's report of the headache occurring :on the right side of my head, around my right eye, and having a sharp, penetrating type of pain"

cluster headaches

which identified clinicial manifestation would the nurse associate with those exhibited with a cluster headache?

conjunctivitis

which prescribed IV injection would the nurse administer first for the patient experiencing status epilepticus?

diazepam (valium) IV

which classic symptom of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) would the nurse expect to identify when performing an assessment?

dysphagia

which seizure activity would the nurse associate with a patient's jerky muscle movements of the extremities, as well as bowel and bladder incontinence during the event?

generalized seizures

which extracranial condition would the nurse associate with a patient's seizures?

hypertension

if a patient has parkinson's disease, which patient reaction would the nurse expect when performing a pull test by standing behind the patient and giving a tug backward on the patient's shoulders?

loses balance and falls backward

which diagnostic test would the nurse anticipate for a patient with progressive weakness suspected of having multiple sclerosis?

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

for the patient voicing complaints of pain on the left side of the head, nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity, which potential condition would the nurse associate with the prescriber's treatment of corticosteroids?

migraine

when a patient's clinical manifestation include visual disturbances and seizures, which area of the brain would the nurse identify as the most likely location of the diagnosed brain tumor?

occipital lobe

which condition is consistent with excessive daytime sleepiness and a decreased dopamine level?

parkinson's disease

which neurodegenerative disorder has the characteristic of rigidity and bradykinesia?

parkinson's disease

upon review of four patients' medical records, which patient would the nurse suspect as being susceptible to developing Parkinson's disease?

patient a

upon review of four assigned patients' diagnostic and medication reports, which patient's health care provider would the nurse contact for clarification immediately?

patient c

which nursing strategy should be implemented when caring for a patient who has parkinson's disease and is at risk of falling?

perform hourly rounds to assess the patient's needs

when evaluating the presence of an initial symptom of parkinson's disease, which clinical manifestation would the nurse evaluate?

pill-rolling tremors

which intervention would the nurse implement when a patient experiences a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?

protect the patient's head and extremities

regarding the patient with Parkinson's disease (PD) who recently entered a long-term care facility, which action would the health care team implement to promote adequate nutrition for this patient?

provide small, frequent meals throughout the day that are easy to chew and swallow

for the patient with parkinson's disease who has difficulty swallowing, which intervention would the nurse initially include in the patient's plan of care?

provide the patient with semisolid or sot foods

for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which treatment goal focuses on preventing a common cause of death in patients with ALS?

reduced risk of aspiration

when planning the care for a patient with multiple sclerosis who has an exacerbation of sensory deficits, for which patient problem would the nurse develop nursing interventions?

risk of injury

a relapsing-remitting initial course followed by the disease with or without relapses are characteristics of which type of multiple sclerosis?

secondary-progressive

which clinical manifestation is exclusive to a complex focal seizure?

smacking of the lips

which disorder would the nurse associate with a patient's seizure lasting longer than five minutes and occurring in rapid succession without a return to consciousness between seizures?

status epilepticus

for the patient taken to the hospital after a seizure, which characteristic pattern reported by the patient's caregiver would the nurse associate with those of a tonic-clonic seizure?

stiffening of the body for 20 seconds, followed by jerking of the extremities for 40 seconds

for the patient who sustained a head trauma, which type of seizure might he or she experience while on a ventilator and receiving sedation medications in the intensive care unit?

subclinical seizure

which explanation would the nurse provide the patient who asked why he or she is on 100% oxygen for cluster headaches?

the administration of 100% oxygen increases your synthesis of serotonin

which term would the nurse use to document a patient who suddenly lost consciousness, stiffened for about 15 seconds, and then developed a jerking motion of the extremities?

tonic-clonic seizure

which seizure disorder typically occurs in children and rarely continues beyond adolescence?

typical absence seizures

which diagnostic criterion would the nurse include for migraine headaches when explaining the difference between a migraine headache and a tension-type headache (TTH)?

unilateral pain