Early American History Road to Revolution
After Cornwallis surrendered, what song did the British military band play?
"The World Turned Upside Down"
List and describe the 3 main components/criteria of the treaty of Paris(American Revolution).
1) Britain recognized the colonies to be free 2) Britain gave up its claims to all land between the Atlantic ocean coast and the Mississippi River and from Canada to Florida 3) return all rights and property taken away from the loyalists living in the colonies during the war
What was the average ratio of musketballs that actually hit their targets?
1/300 hit their target
After the committee finished discussing their individual ideas/suggestions, how long did it take the author to write the entire document?
2 weeks
In 1775, British citizens (in England) were taxed how many times higher than the American colonists?
25 times(some colonists were earning $500,000/year in today's money)
How much did British exports fall?
40%
The Declaration of Independence is broken down into how many sections, by historians today, to help people understand it better?
5 sections
How long did it take to travel between Europe and America?
6 weeks and 2 days(44 days)
What group of people introduced a process to stop the spread of smallpox to the colonists? Did it work?
Africans; yes(went from 4/10 dead to 1/50 dead)
What is the date (month/day/year) of the start of the American Revolution?
April 19, 1775
Where was the Battle of Bunker Hill actually fought?
Breed's Hill, Charleston, Massachusetts
What name has been given to the 3 important documents found in the National Archives?
Charters of Freedom
Who actually said "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes."? Why did he say it?
Col. Israel Putnam said this famous quote to warn his soldiers to wait to fire until they were close enough to hit every shot(preserve gunpowder)
What pamphlet (considered to be the 1st to inspire the Declaration of Independence) was written to fight back against the British taxes? Who wrote it? Why?
Common Sense by Thomas Paine, written to rally colonists around the idea of independence and the establishment of a post-war republic
Who was considered the 1st Casualty of the American Revolution/Massacre?
Crispus Attucks
Name the 3 documents found in the museum that houses the Declaration of Independence.
Declaration of Independence, Constitution, and Bill of Rights
List the fourth section of the Declaration of Independence and its specific meaning toward the document
Efforts from the Colonies to Avoid Separation: 1775 Olive Branch Petition (rejected by the King); a list of actions used to remedy the situation
Who was the swamp fox? Why was he given this name?
Francis Marion; knowledge of the terrain which he used to outsmart the British army
List the third section of the Declaration of Independence and its specific meaning toward the document
Grievances Against Britain (King George): actually listed 27 grievances
Why did John Hancock sign his name so big?
He wanted the king to know that he was their leader and so that "the king could read his name without his spectacles"
What was the name of the group of European marksmen/fighters that the British hired to help fight with them in the American Revolution?
Hessians
What famous American doctor/general was brutally beaten and stabbed at the Battle of Princeton? He later died from the wounds.
Hugh Mercer
Where (city and building) was the Declaration signed?
Independence Hall in Philadelphia
What was the name of the medical procedure used at Valley Forge to slow down or stop the spread of Smallpox?
Inoculation
What Boston lawyer defended the British soldiers after the Boston Massacre?
John Adams
What 3 American men were sent to discuss the terms and ultimately create the treaty?
John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay
Who was the President of the Second Continental Congress?
John Hancock
Who said "I have not yet begun to fight"? Why?
John Paul Jones said this to tell the British that he would not surrender
What is the official date (month/day/year) that the Declaration was adopted?
July 4, 1776
What was the English name for a colonial subject that was loyal to the king?
Loyalists/Tories
What Native American tribe were the colonists disguised as for the Boston Tea Party?
Mohawk or Narragansett Indians
Where was the treaty discussed and signed?
Paris, France; Palace of Versailles' Hall of Mirrors
Who originally thought of the idea for declaring independence?
Richard Henry Lee
List the second section of the Declaration of Independence and its specific meaning toward the document
Rights of the People; John Locke's unalienable rights - life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
What was the date (month/day/year) of the Battle of Yorktown?
September 28-October 19, 1781
What is the official date (month/date/year) that the Treaty of Paris was ratified?
September 3, 1783
What was the typical/painful punishment for British tax collectors in the colonies?
Tarring and feathering
What was created on June 14,1775 for the 1st time in American history?
The 1st Continental Army under GW
Which battle is considered the turning point of the American Revolution? Why?
The Battle of Saratoga thwarted a major offensive and convinced the French and Spanish to join the colonists
List the fifth section of the Declaration of Independence and its specific meaning toward the document
The Colonies are declared Free and Independent- no other choice
In what famous museum in Washington DC, would one find the original Declaration of Independence? What is the name of the room, in this museum, where it is found?
The Declaration of Independence is in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom in the National Archives Museum
What was the name of the bridge, leading into Concord, that allowed the Colonists to fend off the British assault? (Hint: resembles the pass at Thermopylae)
The Old North Bridge
What poem was written about the Battle of Lexington? Who wrote this poem?
The Shot Heard Round the World by Ralph Waldo Emerson
What artist painted the famous signing of the Declaration of Independence? This portrait is on the back of what Federal Note today?
The painting by John Trumbull is on the $2 note
Can you name the 5 men that made up the Declaration Committee to draft this resolution?
Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Robert R. Livingston and Roger Sherman
Who actually wrote the Declaration of Independence? Reasons why they selected him?
Thomas Jefferson. He was an excellent writer, from the largest colony(virginia), he was highly respected, only 33 years old, and had difficulty speaking in public
What was the main reason that Benedict Arnold became a traitor/turncoat?
Thought that George Washington would ally with the French and he had a growing hatred of the French(so did the British) because of many wars and financial debts owed to the French
What famous area was given to the newly independent United States to help with their current and future economy?
fishing rights off Canada's Atlantic coast near Newfoundland and Nova Scotia
Describe how a frontier guerrilla would fight their enemy.
hide in wooded areas, behind rocks and trees, etc.; jump out from front, middle or back of the enemies ranks to attack; quickly retreat then run ahead to plan the next surprise
What was the name of the chemical, used by Washington and his spy ring, to enable them to read invisible ink?
liquid iron sulphate
What was the outcry from the colonists after the Stamp Act was introduced?
people began burning papers in the streets and attacking the tax collectors; No taxation without representation
List the first section of the Declaration of Independence and its specific meaning toward the document
the preamble-reasons for the document
At the Tea Party, what was the cost of the tea thrown into the harbor (in today's $$)?
they destroyed 340 chests of tea, an equivalent of more than $1,700,000 in today's dollars(from all of the tea parties it is estimated $3 million)
Describe the role of the Daughters of Liberty.
they were a group of women that aided in the fight for independence by participating in boycotts and weaving fabric so colonists didn't have to import them
What were the "other products" taxed by the Sugar Act?
wine and coffee
