EC-6 Geography
According to the map above, which area was conquered by the grandsons of Genghis Khan?
China
Using the information above, much of the Second Crusade began in: A. Constantinople. B. Rome. C. London. D. Paris.
Paris Tracing the Second Crusade line leads to its origin in Paris.
Which of the following is the best insulator of China from Russia? A. The South China Sea B. The Gobi Desert C. The Himalayas D. The Plateau of Tibet
The Gobi Desert The Gobi Desert is the only geographic barrier among the answer options that lies between Russia and China.
Which of the following cities did Genghis Khan capture first? A. Tabriz B. Ningxia C. Kashgar D. Bolgar
Kashgar Kashgar was conquered in 1218.
Which of the following world religions is polytheistic? A. Islam B. Judaism C. Hinduism D. Christianity
Hinduism Hinduism is a polytheistic religion which believes in many gods.
Which of the following was the result of Spanish human interaction with the Texas environment during the 18th and early 19th century? A. The construction of acequias for missions and presidios B. An influx of Anglo settlers to the lands of Texas C. The conversion of American Indians to Christianity D. The creation of alcaldes for legislative disputes
The construction of acequias for missions and presidios American Indians were not converted to Christianity because of the Spanish impact on the Texas environment. If American Indians were converted to Christianity, it was because of direct contact between the Spanish missionaries and the American Indians. »»» ««« An influx of Anglo settlers does not pertain to human interaction with the environment. »»» ««« The creation of courts does not pertain to human interaction with the environment.
Mr. Anders asks students to draw a map of their school. Billy turns in his map, but Mr. Anders is unable to identify how to orient the map to read it. Which of the following features should Billy add to his map? A. A compass rose B. A legend C. Latitude markers D. A scale
A compass rose A compass rose would indicate which way is north on the map, which would help Mr. Anders orient the map.
During the era of Reconstruction in the South after the Civil War, carpetbagger was a term usually associated with which of the following activities? A. A northerner migrating to the South in the hopes of investing and capitalizing on economic opportunities after the Civil War B. A southern plantation owner forbidding Union supporters from working on the plantation C. A southerner migrating to the North in search of employment D. A former slave migrating north in search for an improved socioeconomic life
A northerner migrating to the South in the hopes of investing and capitalizing on economic opportunities after the Civil War The term carpetbagger was a reference to the common form of a luggage made from old carpet. The term refers to northern businessmen who moved south looking to capitalize on the South's economy. Southerners thought "carpetbaggers" were vultures who exploited the plight of the South for their gain. The term "carpetbagger" is a derogatory term.
In the 21st century, which of the following is the most likely result with the increasing ease and efficiency in which goods and resources can be shipped and invested across international boundaries? A. A specializing of labor as countries realize their competitive advantages B. Protective tariffs passed by countries to encourage domestic production C. Increased regulation of global financial markets D. Increase in environmental regulations regarding international transportation
A specializing of labor as countries realize their competitive advantages An increase in the ease and efficiency of transporting goods across international boundaries makes trading among countries easier. As countries are able to increase trading, each country begins to specialize in areas in which they have an advantage. For example, Colombia has a natural advantage in the production of coffee while the United States has an advantage in wheat production. Thus, Colombia and the U.S. trade wheat for coffee, and both are wealthier because they have more of each good.
A social studies class is learning about the causes of the American Revolution. The teacher asks the students to find three reasons for the revolution that are outlined in the Declaration of Independence. Based on Bloom's Taxonomy, which of the following is the highest level of thinking required for the assignment? A. Synthesis B. Analysis C. Application D. Knowledge
Analysis Analysis is the ability to distinguish between material and concepts to understand structure and process. This is the correct answer because a student would need to analyze the Declaration and the concepts within it to understand the structure of the document and the claims for revolting against England.
According to the illustration above, which of the following conclusions is best supported? A. The Holy Roman Empire actively fought against Swedish expansion B. By 1660, Sweden controlled most of the Baltic trading ports C. Sweden was targeting Baltic cities D. By 1660, Russia had a major presence in Baltic trading
By 1660, Sweden controlled most of the Baltic trading ports This is best supported by the map above because it can be clearly seen that Sweden controls most of the Baltic cities and trading ports. This statement is easily supported by the map above.
In what way has glacial activity and erosion affected the Appalachian Mountains? A. By removing the large rocks and stones from the surface B. By causing the peaks to be rounded off and causing them to lose much of their height C. By encouraging the formation of new varieties of vegetation at their base D. By causing them to shift their location over the years
By causing the peaks to be rounded off and causing them to lose much of their height The erosional effects of glaciation are enormous due to the mass of weight and the volume of water as ice. As glaciers move over the land, they pick up rock which they use as grinding tools to chip away the surface materials.
As more natural gas is able to be extracted from various areas across the United States through innovative technological advances, which of the following commodities is most likely to experience a decrease in demand? A. Oil B. Wind energy C. Hydrogen energy D. Coal
Coal This is the best answer. One of the primary uses of natural gas is in power generation, which is also the main use of coal. As the supply of natural gas increases, the price will decrease making it more competitive with the price of coal. Because natural gas and coal share the same primary use, their demand is related. If the price of one decreases, the demand for the other will decrease as well.
According to the map above, which city served as a gathering point for many of the knights in the Crusades?
Constantinople
Which of the following includes all five biomes? A. Humans, birds, plants, monkeys, and primates B. Rainforests, savannas, deserts, forests, and ice packs C. Insects, snakes, reptiles, mammals, and marsupials D. Forests, savannas, grasslands, deserts, and tundras
Forests, savannas, grasslands, deserts, and tundras A biome is an ecological system which is in perfect balance with all its components. For example, the forest biome consists of tropical rainforests, mid-latitude rainforests, mixed hardwood forests, piney wood forests, alpine forests, boreal forests, and evergreen forests. Each forest biome is different consisting of trees, animals, insects, soil, and water, each adjusted to its natural environment. Ice packs are not considered biomes since the temperature with an average of below 32°F does not allow the formation of plant life.
According to the map above, which region was the first to be gained in the unification of Italy? A. Venice B. Genoa C. Florence D. Rome
Genoa This is the best answer. The Kingdom of Sardinia was created in 1859, indicated by vertical lines in the area of Turin and Genoa.
Which of the following is the best example for showing the direct impact of human activities on the environment? A. Mountain lakes resulting from glacier runoff B. An oasis in the desert C. Irrigation channels in agricultural communities D. Destruction of an earthquake on urban environments
Irrigation channels in agricultural communities Irrigation channels are created by humans to direct water flow to agricultural crops. This is the best example of the direct impact of humans on the environment.
Which of the following is NOT a major cause for the "Dust Bowl" in Texas and Oklahoma in the 1930's? A. Irrigation projects B. Farmers broke the sod exposing the top soil C. Farmers opened marginal lands where rainfall was inadequate D. The use of dry farming methods where rainfall was relied upon for irrigation
Irrigation projects Farmers of the "Dust Bowl" era farmed using the dry farming methods, depending on rain for their crops. In the drought years they suffered, erosion was caused by breaking the sod and the lack of rain created a "Dust Bowl" situation. The reclamation projects guaranteed water to their lands by the construction of dams and irrigation systems.
Which of the following describes the moon's gravitational effect on the Earth? A. It changes the water cycle B. It increases the strength of tropical storms C. It changes the density of ocean water D. It causes tidal movement of oceans and seas
It causes tidal movement of oceans and seas The mass of the moon exerts its gravity or pull on the liquid portion of the Earth's surface which results in tidal movements. At high tide, the moon's gravitational pull is greatest.
Why is Mecca important to the Islamic faith? A. It is the largest city in the Muslim world B. It is the birthplace of the prophet Muhammad C. It is the headquarters of OPEC D. The faithful pray each day facing Mecca
It is the birthplace of the prophet Muhammad Muhammad was born in Mecca and received his revelations which were written in the Koran. The praying towards Mecca is a result of the importance, not the cause of the importance.
Which of the following types of maps shows various weather features for a given geographic area? A. Topographic B. Meteorological C. Thematic D. Political
Meteorological A meteorological map displays various meteorological features across a particular area at a particular point in time through various symbols. The purpose of a meteorological map is to provide a snapshot of weather activity in a particular area at a particular time.
Ms. Wayne is introducing a lesson on demography. Which of the following terms would be most appropriate to students during this lesson? A. Migration B. Distance C. Democracy D. Tectonics
Migration Demography is the study of statistics such as births, deaths, incomes, and incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations. Migration is essential in the changing structure of human populations.
Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the photograph above? A. The western half of the United States is more heavily populated than the eastern half B. Most of the world's population lives in the Northern Hemisphere C. Most of the world's population lives in the Southern Hemisphere D. The mainland of Australia is heavily populated
Most of the world's population lives in the Northern Hemisphere The lights would represent where humans are living. Almost all the lights are shown in the northern half of the world, which would encompass the Northern Hemisphere.
Which of the following is the greatest result of the Industrial Revolution in America? A. An increase in the rise of the super wealthy families and high taxes B. Movement of people from rural areas to urban areas and increases in wages C. More newspapers and books were published and encouraged readership D. ublic schools taught about the historical events in early America
Movement of people from rural area to urban areas and increases in wages The major effect of the Industrial Revolution on life in America was to encourage the movement of families from rural areas to cities, where urban living provided higher wages and opportunities for advancement.
Which of the following best describes the impact of the Industrial Revolution on daily life in America? A. Movement of people from rural area to urban areas and increases in wages B. An increase in the rise of the wealthy families and high taxes C. States began instituting public education D. More newspapers and books were published and encouraged readership
Movement of people from rural areas to urban areas and increases in wages The major consequence of the Industrial Revolution was the migration of people from rural to urban areas. Although the other answer options are consequences, the dramatic rise of city populations had numerous direct and indirect consequences that forever reshaped America.
Mrs. Anderson wants to teach her students about the geographic concept of a hemisphere. Which of the following tools would be most appropriate for this purpose? A. Online three-dimensional maps B. Web-based blogs C. Global positioning systems D. Interviews with local citizens who have lived in different hemispheres
Online three-dimensional maps Online three-dimensional maps allow students to see the globe and the hemisphere from many viewpoints besides the traditional flat representation.
Which of the following statements best describes the role of oral storytelling among families and cultures around the world? A. Oral traditions have been marginalized and made unimportant in most cultures due to the rise of new technologies B. Oral traditions are mostly used in religious ceremonies to further particular concepts and to discredit concepts presented by other religions C. Stories are the primary means that cultures today interact and represent themselves with one another D. Oral traditions communicate cultural values and practices to others
Oral traditions communicate cultural values and practices to others This is correct because the family unit uses storytelling to convey knowledge about culture and society.
Trade agreements between countries, like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), are created primarily to accomplish which of the following? A. Increase trade regulations between countries B. Reduce barriers to trade between countries C. Reduce illegal importation and exportation between countries D. Protect domestic industries from foreign competition
Reduce barriers to trade between countries Trade agreements outline terms for trade between countries. Generally, the goal is to increase trade because trade is beneficial for countries because they can get new products or similar products cheaper.
Which of the following best describes the predominant characteristic in which the first civilizations in the Fertile Crescent and Asia emerged? A. Isolated by water from surrounding civilizations B. Isolated by mountain ranges and deserts C. River valleys that contained abundant fertile soil and fresh water D. Elevated plateaus for agricultural grazing and defense against invasion
River valleys that contained abundant fertile soil and fresh water The two most important factors of survival are water and food. Cities must be able to provide both in abundance for a large urban population. Founding cities by fresh water and fertile soil allows the residents of those cities to get sufficient water and food easily.
In the United States, which of the following is the most common reason for individuals relocating to different geographical areas? A. Escaping persecution from government B. Searching for better socioeconomic opportunities C. Forced removal due to government land acquisitions D. Searching for a more stable water source
Searching for better socioeconomic opportunities This is the best answer. Most relocation occurs because individuals are searching for jobs or a more advantageous economic situation.
A teacher asks the students to pick an object in the classroom and then describe how far away three other objects are from the first object. The teacher then invites students to present their descriptions to the class. Which of the following learning objectives is this most likely to promote? A. Students' understanding of relative location B. Students' understanding of geographic terminology C. Students' understanding of absolute location D. Students' understanding of data interpretation
Students' understanding of relative location Relative location is an object's location in reference to another object.
Which natural geographic barrier is a boundary for lands forbidden to colonists in the Proclamation of 1763? A. Spanish lands B. The Appalachian Mountains C. Lake Erie D. Lake Ontario
The Appalachian Mountains In analyzing the illustration above, the Proclamation Line of 1763 represents the boundary colonists were not allowed to cross. The land runs along the Appalachian Mountains, so the Appalachian Mountains were a geographic boundary the colonists knew not to cross. No other answer option would make sense because no other answer option runs along the Proclamation Line of 1763.
Which of the following would be the most useful in helping a manufacturer in East India ship their goods to Japan? A. The Arabian Sea B. The Yangtze River C. The Sea of Japan D. The Ganges River
The Ganges River This is the best answer choice as Indians could ship goods down the Ganges River to the Bay of Bengal and eventually to Japan.
Which geographic boundary separates India from the rest of the Asia? A. The Bay of Bengal B. The Altai Mountains C. The Huang River D. The Himalayas
The Himalayas The Himalayas are the world's largest mountain range and serve as a natural barrier between India and China. By analyzing the map, one can identify where India and China are and then locate a natural barrier between the two countries. Typically, rivers can serve as boundary markings, but a barrier must be a substantial impediment to travel.
Which of the following are the main determinants that affect the temperature on the surface on the Earth? A. The angle of the sun's radiation and the length of daylight B. The heat island effect and removal of rain forests C. The fluctuations and variation of the sun's radiation output D. The orbit of the Earth and its rotation on its axis
The angle of the sun's radiation and the length of daylight Because of the tilt of the Earth's axis, radiation from the sun is more intense at or near the equator. Radiation becomes less intense at the polar regions.
What are the main determinants that affect the temperature on the surface of the Earth? A. The heat island effect and the removal of rainforests B. The fluctuation and variations of the sun's radiational output C. The Earth's orbit and it rotation on its axis D. The angle of the sun's radiation and the length of daylight
The angle of the sun's radiation and the length of daylight The temperature of any place on the surface of the Earth can be determined by the angle of the sun's radiation and the length of daylight. The more perpendicular the radiation, the more intense the radiation will be resulting in warmer atmospheric conditions.
Which of the following best describes the primary purpose for the first European settlers settling around the San Francisco Bay area? A. The bay was far from government oversight so individuals could evade taxes on various economic goods B. The bay was rich with gold deposits C. The area was rich in oil deposits D. The bay was a natural harbor that protected ships inside the bay from turbulent weather and conditions outside the bay
The bay was a natural harbor that protected ships inside the bay from turbulent weather and conditions outside the bay This is the correct answer. One of the most important features when settling a new land is the creation of a harbor so that goods can be shipped in and out of the region. Therefore, areas like New York, Charleston, and New Orleans are so significant. They are natural harbors. When the first settlers settled California, one of their highest priorities was establishing a harbor for trade; the San Francisco Bay area is a natural harbor.
Which of the following has contributed most to the ability of American firms to outsource the manufacturing of goods to other countries? A. The expectation and perception of consumers that products built overseas are of a greater quality B. The low cost of transporting goods across long distances due to technological advances of the 19th and 20th centuries C. An increase in manufacturing efficiency in developed countries D. A decrease in manufacturing efficiency in developing countries
The low cost of transporting goods across long distances due to technological advances of the 19th and 20th centuries The greatest impediment of manufacturing goods long distances from the point of sale is transportation costs. With the decrease of transportation costs due to aviation and naval technological developments, the cost of creating a good outside the U.S. and shipping it the U.S. market is less than the cost to produce the good in the U.S. The reason for the cheaper cost of production outside the U.S. is low labor wages in developing countries.
Which of the following geographic features most likely contributed to the lack of cultural consistency and political unity among the Greek city-states? A. The mountainous terrain of Greece B. Diverse economic resources resulting in city-states specializing in one production area C. Competition among fisherman at seaports D. Importance of kinship bonds in Greek culture
The mountainous terrain of Greece The mountainous terrain encouraged each Greek city to be self-contained and isolated from other cities because communication and trade with other city-states was so difficult due to the mountains dividing the cities. The isolation of cities led to a diverging of cultures as each city developed its own politics and societal norms. Geographic areas tend to have similar cultures because trade and travel are so prevalent between areas, such as the common cultural characteristics in the United States. The lack of trade and travel in ancient Greece, caused by the mountainous terrain, resulted in each city-state having a unique political structure and varying societal norms.
The absolute location of a farm has the most direct effect on which of the following? A. Supply and demand of a crop B. The type of agriculture produced C. The price of the agricultural crop D. State and federal taxation brackets and regulations
The type of agriculture produced The absolute location is found using the longitude and latitude of a location. This would have the greatest impact on the types of crop that a farm can grow.
Which of the following best describes the strategic location of the Great Wall of China? A. It would prevent the invasion of the European army from the west B. The topography was conducive to the construction C. The strip of land is of a greater strength than the surrounding land D. The wall separates the boundary between the fertile land to the south, wasteland to the north
The wall separates the boundary between the fertile land to the south, wasteland to the north The Great Wall of China divides the dry landscapes of the north from the wet climates of the south where rice and wheat could be cultivated.
The map above highlights large urban and suburban areas in the United States. What, if any, similarities do the different megalopolises share? A. No similarity exists among all the cities B. They are located adjacent to major waterways C. All cities were founded after the states had been established D. All cities are established in right-to-work states
They are located adjacent to major waterways All the cities highlighted on the map are located near major waterways. This is because it is easy to transport goods along waterways and cities to be developed near large ports due to the wealth and resources concentrated in port areas.
Why did the Ancient Egyptians experience very little offensive attacks from other civilizations? A. Their enemies to the east were not organized and prepared to fight B. They were surrounded by deserts and other natural barriers C. They had the largest army to resist attacks D. The Nile was too deep and long and could not be crossed
They were surrounded by deserts and other natural barriers The Sahara surrounds Egypt on three sides, and the Red and Mediterranean Seas on the north and east provided protection against the armies of Mesopotamia.
Which of the following is the most common reason for forests to be cut down in developing countries? A. To create more logging jobs B. To decrease carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere C. To increase tourism destinations D. To make land suitable for farming
To make land suitable for farming Developing countries, generally, have an agrarian economy, an economy based upon agricultural production. Most forests are cut down to create additional land for farming.
Which of the following types of maps shows a detailed and accurate graphic representation of cultural and natural features of the ground? A. Thematic B. Political C. Topographic D. Meteorological
Topographic A topographic map displays, in large detail, the cultural and natural features of the ground. In general, the purpose of topographic maps is to convey the relief, or elevation changes, in a particular area using contour lines.
Which of the following is least important to the development and shaping of cultures? A. Traditions written and passed down through history B. The geography of the region C. Interactions of people and ideals D. Types of food consumed
Types of food consumed Although food does help shape culture, the type of food people eat does not form bonds and similarities as much as the other answer options.
California experienced a significant drought from 2012-2015. Many almond farmers began planting crops that required less water to grow. This action is an example of: A. adapting to environmental changes. B. changing the environment to meet human needs. C. using nonrenewable resource to improve farming. D. adjusting to supply and demand.
adapting to environmental changes. This is the best answer because farmers are adapting the crops they grow to adapt to the change in environment
The Great Wall of China best protects: A. invasion from India. B. the Guangzhou Province. C. cities along the Yellow River. D. China's southern waterway routes.
cities along the Yellow River. The Yellow River is in northern China, the region insulated by the Great Wall. This is the best answer as all cities along the Yellow River are in the northern parts of China.
The three main physical processes of the water or hydrologic cycle are: A. irrigation, desalination, and insolation. B. evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. C. building dams, creating canals, and lowering the aquifers. D. transpiration, perspiration, and sweating.
evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. The start of the water cycle begins with the sun's radiation evaporating the ocean water. As the vapor rises, it condenses to form clouds. The wind systems drive the moisture-bearing clouds over the land. Winds are forced to rise over mountains as the "orographic effect" produces rain or snow. Liquid water either submerges into the soil to form groundwater or runoff into rivers, draining the land and returning it to the ocean where it begins to start over again.
According to the map, railroads in India: A. decreased the variety of crops grown in India. B. decreased agriculture production in India. C. increased the variety of crops grown in India. D. made shipping agriculture to the ports in the Arabian Sea easier.
made shipping agriculture to the ports in the Arabian Sea easier. This is the best answer option. The railroad network in India made it significantly easier to ship crops to powers in the Arabian Sea.
A teacher asks the students to brainstorm a topic of research on the physical features of Georgia. Based on the graphic organizer above, the students are most likely researching which physical feature? A. American Indian tribes B. Cities C. Major rivers D. State parks
major rivers The picture contains major rivers in Georgia.
Based on the map above, one of the main contributors to Phoenicia's rise in wealth derived from trading can be attributed to its: A. climate B. natural resources. C. govermental structure. D. longitude.
natural resources The map gives considerable information about the region's natural resources and many of them produce goods desirable for trade.
The climates of places at the same latitude can vary depending on whether there are high mountains nearby because: A. mountains receive less insolation. B. of the orographic effect of lowering the temperature with an increase in elevation. C. the passages of weather fronts tend to avoid mountains. D. the mountains are a long distance from the ocean influences.
of the orographic effect of lowering the temperature with an increase in elevation. As one moves away from the Earth's surface and with an increase in elevation, the air becomes less dense. The thin atmosphere allows the sun's rays to pass through, warming the surface. Cold nighttime temperature is caused by heat loss through radiational cooling. The temperature decreases with an increase in elevation at one degree per 300 feet rise in elevation. For example, the capital of Peru on the altiplano which is located very near the equator has low average temperatures.
The Earth experiences different seasons because: A. the distance between the Earth and sun changes during Earth's yearly revolution around the sun, where it is colder when we are further from the sun. B. the procession of the equinoxes. C. the Earth's axis of rotation is tilted relative to the plane of the ecliptic. D. the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere varies seasonally with less greenhouse warming in winter.
the Earth's axis of rotation is tilted relative to the plane of the ecliptic. The seasons the Earth are determined by the inclination of the Earth's axis of 23 1/2 degrees from the plane of the ecliptic. The Earth's (24 hrs.) rotation causes day and night, and revolution around the sun takes (365 1/4) days or one year.
