EC Quiz ESC1000 Quizlet

Most researchers favor a model for the origin (of the moon)

Collision (Ejection or) Injection Theory! Capture Theory (of Moon's formation)-- The hypothesis that the Moon was gravitationally captured by Earth Co-create Theory (of Moon's formation)-- The hypothesis that Earth and the Moon formed at the same time from the same material ******Collisional Ejection Theory (of Moon's formation)-- The hypothesis that the Moon formed from material ejected from Earth by the impact of a large asteroid.****** Fission Theory (of Moon's formation)-- The hypothesis that the Moon was pulled out of a rapidly rotating proto-Earth.

Using the table above rank the following planets based on The following images show six objects in our solar system. Rank the objects from left to right based on their average distance from the Sun, from farthest to closest. (Not to scale.):

Farthest to Closest: Pluto Saturn Jupiter Mars Earth Mercury

Using the table above rank the following planets based on The following images show four planets in our solar system. Rank these planets from left to right based on the number of moons that orbit them, from highest to lowest. (Not to scale.)

Highest number to Lowest number: Jupiter Mars Earth Mercury Feedback: Jupiter has many moons as a consequence of its formation, in which moons formed in a disk of material surrounding it and its extended atmosphere at the time allowed it to capture numerous small bodies into orbit. Mars has two very small moons that it presumably captured at a time when it, too, had an extended atmosphere. Earth's single but surprisingly large moon is thought to have formed as a result of a giant impact. Mercury (and Venus) have no moons.

Using the table above rank the following planets based on The following images show five planets in our solar system. Rank these planets from left to right based on their average surface (or cloud-top) temperature, from highest to lowest. (Not to scale.)

Highest temperature to Lowest temperature: Mercury Earth Mars Jupiter Neptune Feedback: Notice, for the 5 planets, temperature correlates with distance from the Sun: the closer to the Sun, the hotter the planet. Remember, however, that this is not always the case, because a planet's temperature also depends on its reflectivity and on the strength of its greenhouse effect (if any). For example, the greenhouse effect gives Venus a higher average temperature than Mercury, even though Venus is nearly twice as far from the Sun.

Most asteroids orbit the Sun.

In the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter

Which planets are considered the gas giants?

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

The region extending from the orbit of Neptune to about twice the orbit of Neptune and that contains small bodies made mostly of ice

Kuiper Belt

Using the table above rank the following planets based on The images below show six objects in our solar system. Rank these objects by size (average equatorial radius), from largest to smallest. (Not to scale.)

Largest radius to Smallest radius: Sun Jupiter Earth Mars Mercury Pluto Feedback: Sizes (radii) do not vary nearly as much as the masses, but the differences are still substantial. For example, the Sun's radius is more than 100 times that of Earth, while Jupiter's radius is more than 10 times that of Earth.

Using the table above rank the following planets based on The following images show five planets in our solar system. Rank these planets from left to right based on the amount of time it takes them to orbit the Sun, from longest to shortest. (Not to scale.)

Longest time to Shortest time: Neptune Jupiter Mars Earth Mercury Feedback: Recall that the time it takes a planet to orbit the Sun is called its orbital period, and that Kepler's third law tells us that orbital period increases with distance from the Sun. That is why the ranking order for orbital period is the same as the ranking order for distance from the Sun.

Which planet has the largest volcano in the Solar System?

Mars

The planet that most closely resembles Earth's Moon is

Mercury

Why do most scientists favor the collision injection theory of the moons for formation

Most scientists favor the collision injection theory because this theory accounts for all the facts such as the moons composition and nearly circular orbit better and more naturally and then do other theory is a theory that simultaneously solves problems of the similarities and differences between earth and the moon is a superior theory

Which planet is a Jovian planet?

Saturn

Which type of meteorite likely represents fragments of planetary cores -- i think iron meteorites ?

Stony meteorites--fragments of mantle and crust of early differentiated planets/planetesimals, most dated to 4.54Ga Iron meteorites--fragments of cores of early differentiated planets/planetesimals, most dated to 4.54Ga Which types of meteorites are fragments of differentiated planetoids? Achondritic, iron, and stony iron

Identify the TRUE statement.

The composition of the giant (Jovian) planets is mainly gas and ice.

Which requirement must a celestial object meet to be classified as a planet

The object must have cleared its orbit of other objects.

According to the condensation theory, which statement about the nebula that formed the Solar System is true?

Tiny specks of ice and dust allowed the nebula to cool and collapse.

Which of Saturns moons has a thick uniform haze layer around it suggesting an atmosphere?

Titan

All planets spin counterclockwise on their axes when viewed from the Sun's north pole except

Venus

Which planet has a runaway Greenhouse effect?

Venus has a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide that traps infrared light

Astronomers have interpreted the features on Mars

We see many signs of water erosion on Mars, including river channels, flood plains, and gullies running down the sides of craters. Recent analysis of surface rocks by rovers has also revealed chemical compounds that typically form in water-rich environments. Liquid water DOES NOT still exist, there is likely ice and water vapor. Much of the northern hemisphere is low in altitude and sparsely cratered, looking much like the ocean floor. Some astronomers believe that Mars had an extensive ocean of liquid water around its north pole in its past. Some of the canals were found simply to be illusions, transitory features, or tricks of shading. Big volcanoes: Mars has a lower gravity so mountains can rise higher and no plate tectonics.

There are more craters visible today on the Moon than on Earth because

erosion destroys craters on Earth.

After reclassification in 2005, Pluto is no longer considered a planet because it

has not cleared its orbit of other matter.

The planets and many other objects in the Solar System

have orbital planes within a few degrees of Earth's orbital plane.

The 4 small highly dense planets nearest to the sun; Mercury, Venus, Mars, Earth are known as the...

terrestrial planets

Using the table above rank the following planets based on The following images show six objects in our solar system. Rank these objects from left to right based on their mass, from highest to lowest.

(Not to scale.): Highest mass to Lowest mass: Sun Jupiter Earth Mars Mercury Pluto Feedback: Be sure to notice that the masses of these objects are vastly different. For example, the Sun is more than 1,000 times as massive as all the planets combined, and Jupiter is more massive than all the rest of the planets combined.