ECD 101
Early childhood education occurs in
interest centers, physical care centers, and gross motor learning spaces.
Four early childhood education students have documented their observation of children in a 2-year-old preschool program. Which of the following student observations best follows the guidelines presented in the textbook?
"Guillermo picks up a toy and throws it at Rodney."
Clara has just prepared lunch for her daughter, Mary, who is playing with some toys. If she wants Mary to wash her hands and come for lunch, what should Clara say to Mary?
"Mary, it's time for lunch. Go wash your hands. You can play with the toys after lunch."
As a preschool teacher, you observe two children tugging over the same plastic gardening hoe. Given what you have learned about handling conflict, what is your best response?
Get at the children's level, and help them put their feelings into words, while emphasizing that you will not let them hurt each other.
Instead of toilet training her son at 18 months of age, as her mother recommends, Melissa is waiting until her son is emotionally ready to begin toilet learning. How will Melissa know when her son is emotionally ready?
He will express a willingness to use the toilet.
Four-year-old Dewayne has difficulty making transitions while he is at day care. All but which of the following are suggested to help Dewayne with this difficulty?
His provider should vary his routines so that he cannot predict upcoming transitions and become upset.
Each of the following preschool teachers is dealing with a three-year-old child who is biting other children on the playground. Which teacher is using the best strategy?
Mr. Abdul removes the child from the playground and explains why he is doing so.
All but which of the following early childhood professionals are engaging in a physical care routine?
Mr. Carlos helps one-year-old Chrissy make a transition at arrival time.
When preschool teacher Emilio Estefan is helping children learn to recognize alternatives during conflicts, he should do all but which of the following?
Suggest a full solution when the children seem unable to come up with any on their own.
Sarah Farraday owns a child care center. Sarah would like to help teach her 3-year-old children about proper health and sanitary procedures. Sarah should try all but which of the following?
Teach the children how to help clean the center's bathrooms
Four-year-old Moses is throwing wooden blocks. Which of the following is the best example of guidance that redirect Moses towards more constructive activities without robbing him of his control?
Tell him that throwing wooden blocks can hurt others because they're hard, and give him a choice between a foam ball or another soft object to throw instead
Juanita Martinez works in a college-based child care program. Each day, part of Juanita's job is to jot down things that have happened with each child (e.g. snippets of conversation, poems the child made up, a story the child told). To facilitate this, Juanita carries around 3 x 5 index cards. Which method of record keeping is Martinez utilizing? Multiple
anecdotal records
In terms of cognitive developmental milestones, two-year-old Asha can be expected to do all but which of the following?
arrange objects into categories and name the categories
Which quality of the social-emotional environment describes children's need to have consistency in the people around them in order to feel safe, secure, and comfortable?
continuity
In terms of social-emotional developmental milestones, four-year-old Walter can be expected to do all but which of the following?
desire and be able to spend long amounts of time in large groups
What is the most important factor in building cooperation with children and getting them to listen?
developing a relationship with the child
In her family day care setting, Dawn Evans makes sure that the children have daily experiences that stretch their minds and bodies, recognize their feelings, and help them develop social skills. With which element of daily structure are Dawn's goals concerned?
emphasizing the whole child
First grade teacher Ajit Patel has a student, Noel, who refuses to hang up her coat. Each morning, Noel just throws her jacket anywhere it happens to land. To provide guidance, Patel does not immediately do anything. Instead, when Noel wants to go out for recess and cannot find her jacket, Patel tells her that she cannot go to recess. Which guidance tool is Ajit Patel using?
experiencing consequences of one's actions
What is the first step in planning an early childhood education environment?
finding out the state regulations and licensing standards
Using your anger to control or stop unacceptable behaviors is ineffective because:
you are using the child's fear to manipulate his or her behavior it can intensify into a power struggle that may force you to resort to threats or begging the child may follow your lead and use anger when he or she is frustrated with other children all of the above
Devon Brown runs a preschool class. One student, Arthur, is engaging in an activity that is developmentally inappropriate. Another student, Baxter, is bored with his activity. Clarence is overtired and not having his needs met. Of these students, which one is in a situation that represents a potential safety hazard?
Arthur, Buster, and Clarence
Regarding arrival and departure transitions, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A child who has trouble with arrivals generally does not experience problems with the departure transition.
Which of the following statements about portfolio assessments is FALSE?
A portfolio should focus exclusively on a child's writing and drawing.
Regarding praise, which of the following statements is FALSE?
Adults should tell children "good job" frequently to help reinforce for them what they are really good at.
A grandmother has just enrolled her three-year-old granddaughter, Faye, at Sue-os Child Care Center. In Faye's culture, children are spoon-fed until they have advanced motor skills that allow them to eat well on their own. When Faye's grandmother arrives to pick Faye up, she is dismayed at Faye's appearance. Faye has food stains on her clothes after attempting to feed herself. The provider explains that the center policy encourages children to practice their motor skills by trying to feed themselves. The grandmother and the childcare provider talk for a few days about this problem and eventually come to a resolution. Of the following solutions to this conflict, which represents a resolution through mutual education?
Both parties find a third space and agree that Faye will be spoon-fed at home, but while at the center she'll wear a bib or older clothes and continue practicing her skills.
Regarding the side effects of punishment, which of the following statements is FALSE?
Children who spend time around punishing adults become more empathetic and are less likely to use punishment to control other children.
Sunshine Day Care has a policy of never putting a baby down by her/himself with a bottle. All but which of the following are possible reasons behind this policy?
Doing so hampers the child's development of motor skills.
Since crying is not a form of communication, the early childhood professional should focus on making the crying go away when faced with a crying child. Group starts
False
The term receptive language refers to a child's ability to talk.
False
two-year-old Henry understands many more words than he is able to use himself. This reflects which of the following points about communication?
Receptive language develops faster than expressive language.
In the area of honoring the diversity of families, all but which of the following are recommended?
Recognize that you might have to rescue a child from parents with unacceptable ethics and lifestyles.
Three-year-old Barra is upset as his mother leaves his daycare center. He sits at the window and cries as she pulls away in her vehicle. What is the best first response for Barra's preschool teacher to make?
Say, "Barra, you're really upset about your mommy leaving."
Following are three descriptions of interactions between an early childhood provider and children. Scenario One: When the three-year-olds do not come to circle time after he asks them, Mr. Alejandro picks them up and places them in their seats. Scenario Two: Ms. Nguyen is holding eight-month-old Betsy in her arms when another teacher comes up and says, "How is Betsy doing today?" Ms. Nguyen looks at Betsy and says, "It seems like you're feeling good today, aren't you Betsy?" Scenario Three: When meeting the new group of 4-year-old preschoolers, program director Dr. Cray says, "Oh, aren't you all so cute!" In which of the scenarios is the early childhood provider showing respect to the child/children?
Scenario 2
Which description of development best describes a school-age child?
She is able to work on resolving conflicts, and she is able to use symbols for reading and writing.
Which of the following statements regarding children's development is FALSE?
Which of the following statements regarding children's development is FALSE?
Regarding the feeding of infants and toddlers, all but which of the following are recommended?
Young children in day care centers should be fed while sitting in high chairs.
In designing his child care center, Miguel Guerra is sure to include places where children can use their bodies in many different ways. These places are called
gross motor spaces.
Pauline is designing a developmental checklist for four-year-olds as a project for her early childhood education class. Which of the following is NOT an appropriate domain by which to organize her checklist?
individuality.
Which age group is least likely to benefit from a structured "circle time"?
infants
In order to teach respect for animals, kindergarten teacher Jeffrey Roberts occasionally brings pets into class. Jeffrey brings the children together and demonstrates how to hold and touch an animal. As he gently strokes the animal, Jeffrey will say, "See, this is the way she likes to be touched. You have to do it very gently and show that you care." Which guidance tool is Jeffrey using?
modeling prosocial behavior
According to the text, developmentally appropriate practice includes figuring out ways for children to be engaged with ______ when learning.
objects, ideas, teachers, and peers
According to the text, the three key elements in keeping children safe are
observation, supervision, and guidance
Three two-year-old children on a play date at their local park play together in the sandbox. One builds sandcastles with some plastic toys, while another runs a car over a sandhill. The third child makes handprints in the sand. The children do not attend to what the others are doing. In what type of play are these children engaged?
parallel play
Which factor(s) contribute to a lack of continuity in many early childhood education and caregiving situations?
personnel turnover and the practice of grouping children together by grade levels
If early childhood educator Monica Monez wishes to be consistent with Piaget's ideas about child development, which of the following should she do with her students?
provide a rich environment and let the children interact in an exploratory way.
Nurse Scott Thigpen conducts a parenting class at Satilla Hospital once a month. During his lecture on infant development, Thigpen says that development reaches from the middle outward. As an example of this principle, he states, "Your child will have control of his or her upper arms before the fingers." To which principle of development is Scott Thigpen referring?
proximal-distal
The Americans with Disabilities Act indicates that inclusion is a
right.
According to the author of your text, what is the main cause for obesity among children?
too much food and too little exercise
Passages between one place and another or one activity and another are called
transitions
Preschool teacher Fred Park sees group time as a time to "teach an antibias curriculum. With this perspective, Fred is most likely to do which of the following during group time?
use the time to talk about issues related to culture, race, gender, and abilities using persona dolls.