EDPUZZLE 1

Organisms were originally categorized into just two kingdoms. How many are there today?

6 1. Archaebacteria 2. Eubacteria 3. Protists 4. Plants 5. Animals 6. Fungi

WHATS THE ANSWER ?

A

pseudopod

A "false foot" or temporary bulge of cytoplasm used for feeding and movement in some protozoans.

genus

A group of similar species

Natural selection

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits. (Darwin's Theory)

hypertonic solution

A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution - presents less water

WHATS THE DNA SEQUENCE FOR PHENY-GLYCINE-THREONINE???

AAA CCC TGG

analogous structures

Body parts that share a common function, but not structure

How are cells differentiated in organisms ?

Each cell contains the same DNA but gene expression is different

restriction enzymes

Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides

Hypotonic

Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution - presents more water

King Philip Came Over For Good Soup

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

introns

Noncoding segments of nucleic acid that lie between coding sequences.

punctuated equilibrium

Pattern of evolution in which long stable periods are interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change

convergent evolution

Process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments

a new organism is discovered. It is multicellular, autotrophic, and does not move on its own. To which kingdoms could the organism belong ?

Protista and plantae

Which of the following statements about rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is accurate ?

Rough ER indirectly helps with the production of protein because it is covered with ribosomes

homologous structure

Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.

radial symmetry

Symmetry about a central axis.

Which DNA strands would produce the amino acid sequence below? ISOLEUCINE TYROSINE HISTIDINE (REMEMBER TOO LOOK IF IT'S ASKING FOR DNA OR RNA)

TAA ATG GTA

plasmolysis

This happens when a cell shrinks inside its cell wall while the cell wall remains intact.

Stem cells differentiate into a variety of specialized cell types. Stem cells in adult organisms function as repair system. Based on this information, future stem cell research will MOST likely be focused on which?

Using stem cells to cure disease

The enzyme hexokinase binds to glucose and ATP during chemical reactions. At what location do they connect?

active site - enzymes bond w substrates at the active site

the scientific name

always start w a capitalized Genus and is followed by an adjective while being italicized

Which biomolecule does not have any carbon-nitrogen bonds ?

carbohydrates - C6H12O6 (carbon are present but not nitrogen

polyploidy

condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes

which concept explains the fact that many forms of aquatic animals look alike, even though they have very diverse ancestors

convergent evolution

the presence of large quantities of which protein determines when mitosis will occur ?

cyclin

which is true of the DNA produced by replication ?

each new molecules is half new DNA and half original DNa

Extrons

expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein

which organelles will a photosynthetic unicellular organism use to find the light ?

eyespots

which would provide the least genetic evidence of a crime ?

fingerprints (fingerprints has no dna present)

protista are considered probable ancestors of what other kingdoms ?

fungi, plants, and animals

which explains how buffers help cells to maintain homeostasis ?

help keep the pH within a cell constant

if a solution outside a cell is more concentrated than the environment inside the cell, what is the term given for the solution outside the cell?

hypertonic

fraternal twins may or may not share similar characteristics due to

independent assortment

why is natural selection, as a scientific model, applied at the population level and NOT at the individual level ?

individuals cannot change inheritable traits

which is created by transgenic organism and utilized by humans ?

insulin

which is true concerning the polyploidy condition ?

it is often lethal in mammals but beneficial in plants

in which of the following taxonomic groups would organisms have the LEAST number of similarities ?

kingdom - since it's the broadest

Sickle cells anemia provides advantage to

malaria

which of these would be a model of diffusion? - diffusion = things moving from high concentration to lower concentration

many students pass from a crowded room into an empty hallway

which adaptations enable primates to reside in trees better ?

opposable thumbs

which organism uses a pseudopod for feeding and to escape from danger ?

organism 1 (amoeba)

why is pH within the cell so important to cellular function ?

pH affects protein shape, so most enzymes have a small, functional pH range

which would most likely to be able to cross the phospholipid bilayer (2) of the cell membrane ?

protein - protein is way bigger than water

SPC. EBB

species, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Cytolysis

the bursting of a cell

if a cell is exposed to a chemical that inhibits the production of spindle fibers as the cell is preparing for mitosis, what would MOST likely happen? - inhibits = hinder/restrain

the cell would not divide

which statement BEST explain how RNA polymerase knows where to start and stop making an RNA copy of DNA?

the enzyme only binds to regions of DNA known as promoters, which have specific base sequences - promoters = substrates

primitive always starts

the last specie has all of the characteristics in the graph

what occurs when a ribosome reaches a stop codon ?

the newly formed polypeptide chain is released

two organisms mate and produce infertile offspring. Which of the following statements BEST explains why the offspring are unable to reproduce ?

the parents are of a different species, but of a same genus

how does each person's DNA differ?

there are different orders of nitrogenous based

what can a geneticist conclude about the bands of DNA closest to the wells within an agarose gel?

these are the largest fragments - big fragments are slow & does not have much movement

which property supports the hypothesis hat eukaryotic mitochondria were once prokaryotic organisms?

they have nucleotides in their DNA

what is the purpose of gel elecyrophoresis

to separate DNA fragments by SIZE (REMEMBER BY SIZE)

which statement describes the MOST likely effect of transformation on bacteria such as E.Coli?

transformed bacteria express new protein products

placing salt water on injury. what will happen to the bacteria?

water will rush out of the cells passively causing them to undergo plasmolysis - plasmolysis: shrivel and die

divergent evolution

when two or more species sharing a common ancestor become more different over time