EDUC 606 Comprehensive Final Exam

The item discrimination index is used in test construction to ensure that there is:

maximum variation in performance between individuals.

One of the major advantages of performance assessment over traditional tests is that performance assessments

measure learning directly rather than relying on indicators.

A distribution with more than one most frequent score is:

multimodal.

Mr. Reacher wants to know if his class is achieving at an above or below average rate. Which type of test will help him to get this information?

norm-referenced

he biggest obstacle to determining a test's predictive validity is

obtaining a really adequate criterion measure.

Among the most important traits to include when developing a scoring mechanism for the entire portfolio are:

organization, thoroughness, growth or progress.

For progress monitoring, it is important that multiple CBM data points are used to inform decision-making to compensate for the:

poor reliability of single CBM probes.

This form of validity requires a time interval for its determination:

predictive validity.

The first decision made by the test constructor is determining the:

purpose of the test.

The use of scoring criteria in grading essay items consists of:

rating or scoring each component of a pupil's response.

The essential difference between the knowledge level and the comprehension level of Bloom's Taxonomy is that at the knowledge level one is asked to

recognize information, but at the comprehension level one is asked to interpret it.

Inferences about individuals based on the results of group data on the stability of intelligence test scores may be misleading because:

scores for a single person can still vary widely.

The most dependable derived unit for measuring how far a score varies from the mean for the group is called the:

standard deviation.

Educational objectives should guide classroom activities and evaluation. To accomplish this effectively, the objectives should be:

stated in terms of specific, observable behaviors.

Unintentional clues to the correct response in objective test items can best be reduced by:

submitting them to unbiased scrutiny.

Test misuse and abuse are most likely to occur whenever:

test users are unaware of the factors that influence test scores.

Eliminating scores near the middle of a distribution cannot affect this statistic:

the item refers to the range.

The use of "none of these" as an option in a multiple-choice item is only appropriate when:

the opinions provide absolutely correct or incorrect answers.

Grade equivalent scores compare a student's performance to:

the performance of others.

Open-book questions and exams are NOT appropriate for which of the following levels of learning outcomes?

knowledge

Which of the following best describes norm-referenced items?

Tied to broad objectives

Why is it important to specify what we want to measure before we begin to test?

To avoid interpretive errors.

In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of scores lies between T-scores of 40-80?

84%

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the highest degree of linear relationship?

.87

Under NCLB, "adequate yearly progress" for a school is measured by the success of which group?

100% of the students in the school

Use the following set of data from a criterion-referenced test; which item should probably be eliminated?

7

If a teacher asks 10 essay questions in a two-hour exam, how many points should be allocated to each item?

As many as the scoring criteria suggest.

This involves the administration of two different tests at two different times.

Alternate-forms

Why would some states use a nationally standardized test that might not be as well aligned with state standards?

Because some states were pressured to develop a test in advance of developing standards.

Which of the following item types is least subject to guessing?

Completion

Which type of validity coefficient is most important for personality tests?

Construct validity

Comparing test items with objectives refers to which type of validity?

Content

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect a test's usefulness?

Education reform

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of teacher-made tests?

Enables interclass comparisons within a school

Which of the following item formats is easiest to construct?

Essay

Which of the following would be considered dispositions?

Flexibility, persistence, acceptance of feedback

Which of the following is one of the functions of a test blueprint?

Helping the teacher develop a test that reflects instructional emphases.

Teachers are most frequently involved in what kind of decision?

Instructional

What is meant by "a given test item is highly discriminating?

More high-scoring students than low-scoring students answer it correctly.

According to the authors, which objective item formats are most suitable for use in interpretive exercises?

Multiple-choice

A teacher has a new foreign student and wishes to obtain an estimate of the student's math skills. What kind of test should be used?

Non-verbal

Which of the following types of test results may be given to parents without interpretation?

None of the above

Each mark in a course should be assigned and interpreted as:

Option E

What does RTI stand for?

Response to intervention

Which one of the following test attributes is most likely to be improved by use of a table of specifications?

Sampling

A pupil's reading achievement score is one standard deviation above the national norm. How could you best interpret this finding to her parents?

She is above average in reading.

A pupil's science achievement score is one standard deviation below the national norm. Which of the following most accurately describes her performance?

She is below average in science.

Which of the following describes a statement of condition?

Special equipment that is used

This type of test does NOT expect all students to complete all items:

Speed

This type of test has uniform administration and scoring procedures:

Standardized

This reliability coefficient is usually greater over a short time than a long term:

Test-retest

In a three tier RTI model, in what setting is Tier 1 instruction typically delivered?

The regular classroom.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of expressive objectives?

They are difficult to evaluate objectively.

Which of the following is true of norm-referenced achievement tests?

They provide an index of a student's achievement relative to a designated group.

What is the rationale behind specification of testing constraints in performance assessments?

This provides a realistic situation that mimics real life situations.

What type of item format provides greatest content sampling in the shortest testing time?

True-false

If the correlation between piano-playing ability and proficiency in weight lifting is negative, we would know that if John is a poor piano player, he would likely be:

a good weight lifter.

The best way in which to view portfolios among other competing forms of assessment would be to see the portfolio as:

a means of capturing authentic behavior in a life-like environment.

An individual reported a correlation of 1.25 between form A and form B of an intelligence test. From this coefficient one would conclude that:

a mistake has been made; correlations can't be greater than 1.

In high-stakes testing, alignment refers to the degree to which a high-stakes test measures a state's:

academic standards.

The purpose of the Taxonomy of educational objectives is to:

arrange the goals of education in the order of their complexity.

For making predictions, a test that yields a large negative correlation is:

as useful as one with the same sized positive correlation.

When RTI is fully implemented, it applies to:

both regular and special education personnel.

The major distinction between testing and assessment is that assessment is a process that is:

broader than testing.

One of the main advantages of the use of curriculum-based measurements (CBM) is that they:

can be used for progress monitoring of both regular and special education students.

Marking and reporting systems should benefit the pupil in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

clarifying objectives of the educational program.

As contrasted with various separate achievement tests in the same subjects and obtained from different test publishers, a survey achievement battery yields derived scores for the same school subjects which are more likely to be:

comparable.

If a teacher wanted to determine how well a standardized achievement test would measure the objectives which she had been trying to teach, it would be best for her to:

compare the test with the objectives.

A test with a small standard error of measurement relative to the total variance is apt to yield scores which are:

consistent from one administration to another.

The procedures for item analysis of a norm-referenced test require that both the high group and the low group

contain the same number of pupils.

The term to describe the extent to which test items match a teacher's instructional objective is:

content validity

Alignment of a high-stakes test with state academic standards is critical for a test to demonstrate its:

content validity.

In an extended essay, your detailed scoring criteria should at least assign weights to organization, process and:

content.

Rubrics may best be considered to be:

criteria for grading the portfolio.

A well designed criterion-referenced test:

depends on a predetermined standard associated with a educational objective.

Which of the following is a recommendation to help prepare students for a test?

equalize the advantages between test-wise and non test-wise students.

This form of validity is most important for achievement tests such as those constructed by teachers:

error in measurement.

In a frequency polygon, the height of the curve above the baseline represents:

frequency of scores.

Progress monitoring involves the use of:

frequent, brief assessments to monitor student responsiveness to instruction.

The earliest tests of intelligence were constructed in order to:

identify children who would probably have difficulty learning in the typical classroom.

According to the authors, RTI holds promise to:

improve early identification and intervention for struggling learners.

An intended learning outcome defined in terms of specific observable behavior is appropriately called a(n) _______________ objective.

instructional

At the completion of first grade, Mary will demonstrate an increase between pre- and post-test scores in reading comprehension equivalent to one grade placement year. This statement may best be classified as a(n)

instructional objective.

The term "aptitude" means that the individual:

is likely to be "successful" if the aptitude is present and is likely to be unsuccessful if not.

All of the following are appropriate uses for the results of standardized aptitude tests EXCEPT:

judging the effectiveness of a new teaching method.

The most effective marking and reporting systems are those designed to provide the information needed by

users of the report.

The correlation between test scores and a criterion is a measure of

validity.

How we measure in the classroom should be determined by:

what it is that we want to measure.

Ownership refers to the perception that the portfolio contains:

what the students want.