EHS 150 Chapters 5-8

Signs of protein deficiency may include ________.

All of these choices are accurate

A diet designed to reduce elevated serum LDL cholesterol levels ________.

All of these choices are correct

An increased fiber intake within recommended guidelines may ________.

All of these choices are correct

Liver cirrhosis is characterized by ________.

All of these choices are correct

Usual symptoms of diabetes mellitus include ________.

All of these choices are correct

Binge drinking on college campuses is associated with ________.

All of these responses are correct

Women absorb 30-35% more ethanol directly from the stomach than men because women ________.

have lower amounts of alcohol dehydrogenase in the cells lining the stomach

Margarine is usually made by a process called ________, in which hydrogen atoms are added to double covalent bonds in the polyunsaturated fatty acids found in vegetable oils.

hydrogenation

All of the following are uncontrollable risk factors for heart disease EXCEPT ________.

hypertension

Low blood glucose is called ____________, whereas high blood glucose is called ____________.

hypoglycemia; hyperglycemia

Excessive intakes of saturated fatty acids tend to ________.

increase cholesterol deposited in arteries

The main organ responsible for ethanol metabolism is the ________

liver

Which of the following foods provides all of the essential amino acids?

milk

Fat digestion begins in the ________.

mouth

If no glucose is available from dietary carbohydrate, glucose in the blood may be derived from ________.

muscle glycogen and liver glycogen

All persons with diabetes ________.

need to eat a diet that will control their blood sugar

A vegan will eat ________.

only foods from plant sources

High-density lipoproteins function in lipid transport by ________.

picking up cholesterol from dying cells and other sources for delivery to other lipoproteins and the liver for disposa

The sequential order of the amino acids in the polypeptide chain is called the ________.

primary structure

Protein quality is determined by all of the following EXCEPT ________.

the food's cost

Anergy is ________.

the lack of an immune response to foreign substances entering the body

Which of the following foods has the highest glycemic index?

baked potato

An alcoholic beverage with 15 g alcohol provides ______ kcal from alcohol

105

A standard drink contains _____ grams of alcohol.

15

Which of the following is considered a desirable blood level for total cholesterol?

200 mg/dl or less

According the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, consumers should limit their intake of added sugars to ____________ percent of total energy.

25

What would be the recommended amount of protein for a 121-pound female?

44 g/day

Binge drinking for a male is defined as having _______ or more drinks on a single occasion.

5

Normal blood glucose levels range between ________.

70 and 100 mg/dL

Which of the following is a risk factor for heart disease?

Total blood cholesterol level greater than 200 mg/d

The ADH pathway of alcohol metabolism converts ethanol into ________.

acetyl-CoA

Which essential fatty acid is responsible for lowering the risk of coronary heart disease?

alpha-linolenic

A person diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU) should avoid products containing ________.

aspartame

Benefits of moderate alcohol consumption include lower rates of ________.

cardiovascular disease

When 2 or more plant proteins are combined to compensate for deficiencies in essential amino acid content in each protein, the proteins are called ________.

complementary proteins

Foods containing all essential amino acids in the proportion needed by the body are designated as ________.

complete foods

To meet basic protein needs, an athlete needs to ________.

consume a variety of foods to meet energy needs

Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are classified as _________ fatty acids.

essential

The body is capable of making glucose from non-carbohydrate nutrients, such as protein, by a process referred to as ________.

gluconeogenesis

An early sign of alcohol-induced liver damage is ________.

steatosis