Einstein

Manhattan project

Albert Einstein created the Manhattan Project, a research supported by the U.S., that led to the development of the atomic bomb in 1945. However, after learning the destruction the atomic bomb did in Japan during World War 2, Einstein was known to be campaigning for a ban on nuclear weaponry.

Refrigerator

This may be one of the least known inventions that Einstein is famous for today. Einstein developed a refrigerator design that used ammonia, water, and butane, and required almost no energy to work. Considering the energy demands of the world, companies may realize the importance of cooling & refrigeration without energy, and develop this concept further in the near future.

Brownian movement

his observation of the zigzag movement particles in suspension, helped to prove the existence of atoms and molecules. And we all know how fundamental this discovery is to almost every branch of science today.

Sky is blue

Einstein put to rest the common misunderstanding that the sky is blue, do to reflects of water the sky appears to be blue while actually being clear.

Bose-Einstein statistics

Bose-Einstein statistics (or more colloquially B-E statistics) is one of two possible ways in which a collection of non-interacting indistinguishable particles may occupy a set of available discrete energy states, at thermodynamic equilibrium.

Theory of general relativity

This was a reformulation of the law of gravity. Einstein determined that when thinking about space time, a massive object is a distortion in space-time (like putting a heavy ball on a trampoline.) Gravity is exerted when other objects fall into the "well" created by the distortion in space-time, like a marble rolling towards the large ball

Unified field theory

Einstein spent much of his later years trying to merge the fields of electromagnetism and gravity. He was unsuccessful, but Encyclopedia Britannica suggests that Einstein was ahead of his time because, for example, the strong force in quantum mechanics was better understood in the 1970s and 1980s. Other physicists are still working on this problem.

Theory of special relativity

Einstein showed that physical laws are identical for all observers, as long as they are not under acceleration. However, the speed of light in a vacuum is always the same, no matter at what speed the observer is travelling. This led to his realization that space and time are linked into what we now call space-time. So, an event seen by one observer may be seen at a different time by another observer.

E=mc squared

Einstein's theory of special relativity that shows that the increased relativistic mass of a body comes from the energy of motion of the body, that is, its kinetic energy divided by the speed of light squared

Photoelectric effect

Einstein's work in 1905 proposed that light should be thought of as a stream of particles (photons) instead of just a single wave, as was commonly thought by the time. His work helped explain some curious results scientists saw at the time. The photoelectric effect refers to how electrons are ejected from the surface of a metal due to incident light. The "wave" theory of light suggests that the electrons should be ejected with more energy when the incident light is increased, but experiments showed that the energies are actually independent of the radiation intensity.