Elsevier: Antibiotics

A patient is prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole) for a urinary tract infection. What instruction does the nurse give to the patient to prevent complications associated with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole)? 1 "Limit your fluid intake." 2 "Avoid eating citrus fruits." 3 "Avoid exposure to sunlight." 4 "Limit your intake of milk products."

"Avoid exposure to sunlight."

The nurse should question the prescription of tetracycline for which patient? 1 A 6-year old patient with Haemophilus influenza 2 A 40-year-old patient diagnosed with rickettsia 3 A 60-year-old patient with a history of hypertension 4 A 45-year-old patient with a history of diabetes mellitus

A 6-year old patient with Haemophilus influenza

While instructing a patient about antibiotic therapy, the nurse explains to the patient that bacterial resistance to antibiotics can occur when what happens? Select all that apply. 1 Antibiotics are taken with water or juice. 2 Antibiotics are prescribed to treat a viral infection. 3 Antibiotics are taken with ascorbic acid (vitamin C). 4 Patients stop taking an antibiotic after they feel better. 5 Antibiotics are prescribed according to culture and sensitivity reports.

Antibiotics are prescribed to treat a viral infection. Patients stop taking an antibiotic after they feel better.

nurse anticipates that a patient with which of the following infections would be prescribed meropenem? 1 Cellulitis 2 Pneumonia 3 Tooth abscess 4 Bacterial meningitis

Bacterial meningitis

The nurse is assessing a patient who has developed watery diarrhea. After checking the patient's history, the nurse finds that the patient was recently treated with antibiotics. Which further testing might be needed in this patient? 1 Sputum test 2 Acinetobacter test 3 Clostridium difficile test 4 Culture and sensitivity test

Clostridium difficile test

A patient receiving antibiotics for chronic tonsillitis has been experiencing abdominal pain and cramps associated with frequent watery stools. Which infection does the nurse suspect? 1 Klebsiella infection 2 Clostridium infection 3 Acinetobacter infection 4 Enterococcus infection

Clostridium infection

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a urinary tract infection and is being treated with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP). Which findings does the nurse report to the primary health care provider to prevent complications? Select all that apply. 1 Diarrhea 2 Yellowish eyes 3 Blood in the urine 4 Shortness of breath 5 Change in the color of the sputum

Diarrhea Blood in the urine Shortness of breath

For which adverse effect should the nurse be alert in a patient who is taking tobramycin as an antibiotic therapy? 1 Nausea 2 Confusion 3 Hearing loss 4 Pain on injection

Hearing loss - Tobramycin belongs to the class of aminoglycosides, whose adverse effects may cause hearing loss or ototoxicity.

A patient has been prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim). What is the nurse's primary intervention for this patient? 1 Instruct the patient to increase fluid intake. 2 Instruct the patient to take the medication for 14 days. 3 Assess the patient's urine before and after treatment. 4 Ensure the patient does not eat anything when taking the medication.

Instruct the patient to increase fluid intake. - Increased fluid intake is highly recommended to avoid complications such as crystallization in the urine.

How does penicillin work to destroy bacteria? 1 It interferes with cell wall synthesis. 2 It binds irreversibly to the cell wall. 3 It interrupts bacterial DNA processes. 4 It interrupts bacterial RNA processes.

It interferes with cell wall synthesis.

A patient is prescribed azithromycin for the treatment of a respiratory tract infection. Which parameters need to be assessed in the patient to ensure safe drug administration? Select all that apply. 1 Skin turgor 2 Visual acuity 3 Liver function 4 Baseline hearing status 5 Baseline cardiac function

Liver function Baseline hearing status Baseline cardiac function

Which antibiotics are safest for the nurse to administer to children? 1 Macrolides 2 Quinolones 3 Tetracyclines 4 Sulfonamides

Macrolides

A patient is prescribed cefuroxime for a respiratory tract infection. Which drug allergy, if present in the patient's medical history, may indicate the need for change of prescription? 1 Aztreonam 2 Imipenem/cilastatin 3 Penicillin V potassium 4 Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

Penicillin V potassium - Cefuroxime is a cephalosporin antibiotic that has a cross-interaction with penicillin antibiotics.

Which class of penicillin antibiotics is known as antistaphylococcal penicillins? 1 Aminopenicillins 2 Natural penicillins 3 Extended-spectrum drugs 4 Penicillinase-resistant penicillins

Penicillinase-resistant penicillins

Which medication may sometimes be overlooked when considering penicillin allergies in patients? 1 Amoxicillin (Amoxil) 2 Ampicillin (Totacillin) 3 Penicillin V potassium (V-Cillin K) 4 Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn)

Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn)

A patient who is about to undergo an open cholecystectomy is administered intravenous ceftriaxone. What antibiotic treatment is the patient most likely getting? 1 Empiric 2 Definitive 3 Prophylactic 4 Colonization

Prophylactic

A patient is prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole) for the treatment of a urinary tract infection. Which biochemical parameter does the nurse assess before administering the drug? 1 Liver enzymes 2 Red blood cell count 3 Creatinine clearance 4 Uric acid baseline level

Red blood cell count

Which medication may result in ineffectiveness of penicillin V potassium? 1 Ibuprofen 2 Rifampin 3 Probenecid 4 Methotrexate

Rifampin

Which laboratory reports should the nurse evaluate if the patient is administered vancomycin and tobramycin? 1 Serum glucose 2 Serum creatinine 3 Prothrombin time 4 Serum electrolytes

Serum creatinine - There is a risk of a drug interaction resulting in ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity when vancomycin is given concurrently with aminoglycosides.

While reviewing the blood reports of a patient who is receiving amikacin therapy, the nurse finds that the serum drug concentration is 4 mcg/mL. What additional laboratory reports will the nurse check to ensure the patient's safety? 1 Blood platelet count 2 Blood glucose concentration 3 Serum thyroxine concentration 4 Serum creatinine concentration

Serum creatinine concentration - Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Aminoglycosides have the potential to cause nephrotoxicity, so the patient's serum drug concentrations should be monitored regularly.

The patient has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The nurse recognizes that which medication may be ordered to treat this condition? 1 Aztreonam 2 Amoxicillin 3 Sulfasalazine 4 Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

Sulfasalazine

The nurse advises a patient to use sunscreen and wear a hat to avoid the sun between 10:00 AM and 4.00 PM. Which group of antibiotics is the patient most likely using? 1 Penicillins 2 Sulfonamide 3 First-generation cephalosporins 4 Second-generation cephalosporins

Sulfonamide

The nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for acne. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider is most likely to treat the patient using which medication? 1 Polymyxin 2 Tobramycin 3 Tetracycline 4 Vancomycin

Tetracycline

A patient is prescribed sulfadiazine. After checking the patient's history, the nurse finds that the patient has glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. What will the nurse do in this situation? 1 The nurse requests testing for Clostridium difficile. 2 The nurse requests culture and sensitivity testing for the patient. 3 The nurse anticipates administering sulfadiazine in a higher dose to the patient. 4 The nurse contacts the primary health care provider before administration of the drug.

The nurse contacts the primary health care provider before administration of the drug. - Sulfadiazine belongs to the class of sulfonamides. The administration of sulfonamides to a patient with G6PD deficiency may result in hemolysis, or destruction of red blood cells.

A patient is administered cefotetan for a urinary tract infection. After 2 days, the patient complains of stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, excessive sweating, itching, and headache. The patient also has decreased blood pressure. What does the nurse interpret from the assessment? 1 The patient had taken ranitidine in addition to the cefotetan. 2 The patient had taken probenecid in addition to the cefotetan. 3 The patient had taken methotrexate in addition to the cefotetan. 4 The patient had taken ethanol (alcohol) in addition to the cefotetan.

The patient had taken ethanol (alcohol) in addition to the cefotetan.

What is the principal indication for sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP)? 1 Meningeal infection 2 Bacterial pneumonia 3 Bacterial endocarditis 4 Urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infection

What are the adverse effects of sulfonamide antibiotics? Select all that apply. 1 Polyuria 2 Urticaria 3 Pancreatitis 4 Constipation 5 Hepatotoxicity

Urticaria Pancreatitis Hepatotoxicity

Which of the following drugs is contraindicated for a patient who is receiving erythromycin therapy? 1 Warfarin 2 Digoxin 3 Tetracyclines 4 Estrogen-containing contraceptives

Warfarin

How does superinfection occur in a patient? 1 When the serum level of an antibiotic is too high 2 When the patient has a gram-positive bacterial infection 3 When the patient has a gram-negative bacterial infection 4 When the antibiotic eliminates the normal bacterial flora

When the antibiotic eliminates the normal bacterial flora

Amoxicillin is used in...

dental prophylaxis for bacterial endocarditis

Ceftriaxone is administered in...

meningeal infection.

What should the nurse instruct a patient about administering topical clindamycin? 1 "Squeeze the tube of medication into the vagina." 2 "Refrigerate the reconstituted medication between uses." 3 "Cleanse the skin with an exfoliating agent before application." 4 "Apply a thin layer to the affected area after it has been cleansed."

"Apply a thin layer to the affected area after it has been cleansed."

A nursing instructor is discussing tigecycline therapy with a group of nursing students. Which statement is the nursing instructor most likely to make? 1 "Avoid administering tigecycline to a 7-year-old with Lyme disease." 2 "Avoid administering tigecycline to a 37-year-old with acne vulgaris." 3 "Avoid administering tigecycline to a 37-year-old with granuloma inguinale." 4 "Avoid administering tigecycline to a 17-year-old with Helicobacter pylori infection."

"Avoid administering tigecycline to a 7-year-old with Lyme disease." - Tetracyclines such as tigecycline should not be given to children between 4 months and 8 years of age. They can cause discoloration of the permanent teeth and tooth enamel hypoplasia in both fetuses and children and possibly retard fetal skeletal development if taken by the mother during pregnancy.

A patient is prescribed demeclocycline for the treatment of a respiratory infection. What instruction does the nurse give to the patient to ensure safe and effective administration of the drug? 1 "Avoid eating high-protein foods." 2 "Avoid eating high-calorie foods." 3 "Avoid eating low-carbohydrate foods." 4 "Avoid the consumption of dairy products."

"Avoid the consumption of dairy products."

The nurse is assessing a patient who is prescribed metronidazole for amoebiasis. What is the most relevant question asked by the nurse before administering the drug to the patient? 1 "Did you eat fish at your last meal?" 2 "Did you drink milk in the morning?" 3 "Did you consume soy sauce within the past 1 hour?" 4 "Did you consume alcohol within the past 24 hours?"

"Did you consume alcohol within the past 24 hours?" - The nurse should ask the patient about alcohol intake before administering metronidazole, because it causes potential drug interactions, causing acetaldehyde (metabolite of alcohol) toxicity in the body.

The nurse is performing a follow-up assessment of a patient who was prescribed tetracycline for a respiratory infection. The nurse finds that the infection is still present; however, the patient reports taking the drug as prescribed. What question does the nurse ask the patient to determine the cause of drug ineffectiveness in this situation? 1 "Did you take the drug with food?" 2 "Did you coadminister iron supplements?" 3 "Did you take the drug with a full glass of water?" 4 "Did you take the prescribed dosage of the drug?"

"Did you take the drug with food?"

What should the nurse inform a patient about allergic reactions to an antibacterial drug? 1 "Allergic reactions always manifest as urticaria or pruritus." 2 "An allergic reaction will only occur after the first dose of medication." 3 "Any adverse effect of an antibacterial is considered an allergic reaction." 4 "Stop taking the medication immediately at the first sign of an allergic reaction."

"Stop taking the medication immediately at the first sign of an allergic reaction."

A primary health care provider prescribes an antacid to a patient who is taking ciprofloxacin. What information should the nurse mention while counseling the patient? 1 "Take both drugs simultaneously." 2 "Take the drug on an empty stomach." 3 "Take the antacid every alternate day." 4 "Take the antacid 2 hours before the drug."

"Take the antacid 2 hours before the drug." - The nurse should instruct the patient to take the antacid 2 hours before taking ciprofloxacin to improve the drug's absorption. Ciprofloxacin causes gastric irritation when administered on an empty stomach.

The patient has been prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The nurse notes that the patient has a history of kidney stones. What is the highest priority instruction for the nurse to give to the patient? 1 "Take the medication on a full stomach." 2 "Take the medication on an empty stomach." 3 "Take the medication with a full glass of fluid." 4 "Take the medication at regularly spaced intervals."

"Take the medication with a full glass of fluid." - Of the instructions provided, the only one that would affect the prevention of kidney stones is to take the medication with a full glass of fluid. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim may be taken with or without food.

A nursing student asks the nursing instructor about the mechanism of bacteriostatic action of tetracycline. Which answer by the nursing instructor is correct? 1 "Tetracycline blocks RNA synthesis." 2 "Tetracycline binds to magnesium ions." 3 "Tetracycline inhibits protein synthesis." 4 "Tetracycline degrades the bacterial cell wall."

"Tetracycline inhibits protein synthesis."

The patient has been ordered azithromycin and asks the nurse why the medication does not have to be taken as often as other antibiotics that have previously been ordered. What is the nurse's best response? 1 "You'll need to ask your health care provider questions like that." 2 "I'll call the pharmacy and ask about the chemical makeup of the drug." 3 "This is a much more effective drug than what you received previously." 4 "This drug has a longer duration of action than some of the other antibiotics."

"This drug has a longer duration of action than some of the other antibiotics."

A patient prescribed azithromycin expresses concern regarding gastrointestinal upset experienced when taking erythromycin. What will the nurse tell this patient? 1 "I will call the doctor and ask for a different antibiotic." 2 "You need this medication and will need to tolerate the nausea." 3 "I will ask the doctor for a prescription for an antiemetic for possible nausea." 4 "This drug is like erythromycin but has less severe gastrointestinal side effects."

"This drug is like erythromycin but has less severe gastrointestinal side effects."

The nurse is assessing a patient who is prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole). What instruction does the nurse give to the patient before the administration of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole)? 1 "Eat more high-protein foods." 2 "Avoid eating high-calorie foods." 3 "Avoid consumption of dairy products." 4 "Use any method other than oral contraception for birth control."

"Use any method other than oral contraception for birth control."

Which instruction will the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient receiving tetracycline? 1 "Take the medication until you feel better." 2 "Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors." 3 "Keep the remainder of the medication in case of recurrence." 4 "Take the medication with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset."

"Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors." - Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline. Exposure to the sun can cause severe burns. The medication should not be taken with milk and should be completely finished.

The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking antibiotics. The patient reports flushing, itching, hives, anxiety, and throat and tongue swelling. The nurse finds that the patient has a rapid, irregular pulse. Which condition may the patient have as a result of taking the antibiotic? 1 Tolerance to the antibiotic drugs 2 An allergic anaphylactic reaction 3 Clostridium difficile bacterial infection 4 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

An allergic anaphylactic reaction

A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus is started on sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. Which nursing intervention is a priority for this patient? 1 Assess blood sugar. 2 Monitor platelet count. 3 Assess hemoglobin and hematocrit. 4 Take blood pressure every 4 hours.

Assess blood sugar. - Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim increases the hypoglycemic response when taken with sulfonylureas (oral hypoglycemic agents).

A 22-year-old female patient is prescribed amoxicillin. Which is the most important intervention for this patient? 1 Obtain a baseline complete blood count. 2 Assess if the patient is on oral contraceptives. 3 Inform the patient about possible superinfections. 4 Instruct the patient to not take the medication before meals.

Assess if the patient is on oral contraceptives. - This medication may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

A patient has been on sulfonamides for urinary tract infections. The nurse assesses the patient and finds bruises on the legs and arms. What is the nurse's best action? 1 Tell the patient to be more careful. 2 Assess the patient's platelet counts. 3 Administer vitamin K to the patient. 4 Ask the patient if someone is abusing her.

Assess the patient's platelet counts. - Blood disorders such as hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, and low white blood cell and platelet counts could result from prolonged use and high dosages.

Which over-the-counter drugs will the nurse advise a patient to avoid while the patient is taking doxycycline? Select all that apply. 1 Calcium citrate 2 Acetaminophen 3 Naproxen sodium 4 Potassium chloride 5 Magnesium citrate

Calcium citrate Magnesium citrate

A patient is prescribed levofloxacin for the treatment of a bacterial infection. During the assessment, the nurse finds that the patient is taking calcium supplements. The nurse instructs the patient to take the calcium supplements at least 1 hour after taking levofloxacin. What could be the reason for this? 1 Calcium supplements interfere with levofloxacin absorption. 2 Calcium supplements increase the serum concentration of levofloxacin. 3 Calcium supplements antagonize the antibacterial activity of levofloxacin. 4 Calcium supplements and levofloxacin interact, affecting the intestinal flora.

Calcium supplements interfere with levofloxacin absorption.

Oral sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim is prescribed for a patient and is being administered four times a day. What is the nurse's best action? 1 Instruct the patient about potential constipation. 2 Schedule the medication before meals and at bedtime. 3 Instruct the patient not to drink milk with the medication. 4 Call the provider to discuss changing the frequency of the dose.

Call the provider to discuss changing the frequency of the dose. - The patient should receive sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim twice a day.

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient. Which antibiotic is used for prophylaxis against infection in surgical patients? 1 Cefazolin 2 Cefoxitin 3 Cefepime 4 Ceftriaxone

Cefazolin

A patient with pain and urinary tract infection develops fever, chills, and sores on the tongue. In the chart, the nurse finds an allergy to sulfonamides. Which drug does the nurse suspect is responsible for the patient's reaction? 1 Celecoxib 2 Glimepiride 3 Furosemide 4 Hydrochlorothiazide

Celecoxib - Celecoxib is a COX-2 selective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug that helps in the treatment of acute pain. This drug contains sulfonamide moiety and, hence, should be avoided in patients with sulfonamide allergy.

A primary health care provider prescribes a medication along with ampicillin to enhance the effectiveness of the antibiotic. Which medication will be added to enhance the effectiveness of the ampicillin? 1 Calcium citrate 2 Clavulanic acid 3 Acetaminophen 4 Carbamazepine

Clavulanic acid

The patient has been started on a medication regimen that includes sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The nurse notes that the source of the patient's infection has been determined to be viral in origin. What is the nurse's highest priority action? 1 Administer the medication as ordered by the provider. 2 Ensure that the information is documented in the chart. 3 Contact the health care provider to discuss the medication. 4 Ask the patient if he knows how he contracted the infection.

Contact the health care provider to discuss the medication. - not used to treat viral infections

The primary health care provider prescribes levofloxacin to treat a patient's urinary tract infection. What foods will the nurse instruct the patient to avoid during the course of the therapy? 1 Sugary foods 2 Dairy products 3 Fiber-rich foods 4 Protein-rich foods

Dairy products - Levofloxacin is a quinolone antibiotic. When taken with dairy products, the absorption of quinolones may decrease.

What term describes antibiotic therapy tailored to treat an identified organism? 1 Empirical therapy 2 Antiseptic therapy 3 Definitive therapy 4 Preventive therapy

Definitive therapy

A patient who enjoys drinking socially has been prescribed cefotetan. The nurse explains to the patient that alcohol should be avoided for how long? 1 No avoidance of alcohol is warranted 2 During drug therapy and for 3 days afterward 3 During drug therapy and for 7 days afterward 4 During drug therapy and for 14 days afterward

During drug therapy and for 3 days afterward - Alcohol is not recommended with cefamandole, cefoperazone, or cefotetan. An increase in acetaldehyde in the blood may result, producing a disulfiram-type reaction (e.g., stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, headaches, low blood pressure, tachycardia, respiratory difficulties, increased sweating, or flushing of the face).

A patient who is prescribed intravenous (IV) vancomycin reports frequent ringing in the ears. Which condition should the nurse suspect? 1 Red man syndrome 2 Probable convulsion 3 Early vestibular damage 4 Ineffective antibiotic therapy

Early vestibular damage

A patient is prescribed amoxicillin for Helicobacter pylori infection. During the follow-up visit, the nurse observes that the patient is wheezing and has difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat, and dizziness. The nurse also notes a drop in blood pressure and a weak pulse. Which medicine does the nurse expect to be included in the patient's treatment plan to manage the patient's current symptoms? 1 Ranitidine 2 Epinephrine 3 Tetracycline 4 Azithromycin

Epinephrine

A patient who is on long-term antibiotic therapy complains of watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. Further assessment reveals that the patient's body temperature is 39° C. Which medication does the nurse expect will be prescribed by the health care provider? 1 Fidaxomicin 2 Sulfasalazine 3 Azithromycin 4 Demeclocycline

Fidaxomicin - Watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever in the patient who is on long-term antibiotic therapy indicate pseudomembranous colitis, or Clostridium difficile infection. Fidaxomicin is a newer macrolide antibiotic indicated for C. difficile-associated diarrhea.

When planning care for a patient receiving a sulfonamide antibiotic, which is a primary intervention? 1 Force fluids to at least 2000 mL/day. 2 Encourage liquids that produce acidic urine. 3 Encourage a diet that causes an alkaline ash. 4 Insert a Foley catheter for accurate input and output measurement.

Force fluids to at least 2000 mL/day. - Forcing fluids will help prevent crystallization in the urine and kidney stone formation associated with sulfonamide antibiotics, regardless of the type of fluid consumed.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed cefazolin sodium. Which nursing assessment is the priority? 1 Cardiac assessment 2 Neurologic assessment 3 History of immunizations 4 History, including allergies

History, including allergies

The nurse is performing a follow-up assessment of a patient who was prescribed a week's worth of antibiotics for gastroenteritis. Which signs and symptoms in the patient may indicate the need for referral to the primary health care provider? Select all that apply. 1 Jaundice 2 Mild nausea 3 Excessive fatigue 4 Elevated temperature 5 Occasional loose stools

Jaundice Excessive fatigue Elevated temperature

Which parameter is most important to assess before administering vancomycin to a patient? 1 Platelet count 2 Liver function 3 Renal function 4 Hemoglobin level

Renal function - Vancomycin should be used cautiously in patients with preexisting renal dysfunction.

Which antibiotic may cause hemolysis in a patient who has glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency? 1 Penicillin 2 Quinolone 3 Tetracycline 4 Sulfonamide

Sulfonamide

When instructing a patient about antibiotic therapy, the nurse explains that which condition occurs when the normal flora are disturbed during antibiotic therapy? 1 Organ toxicity 2 Superinfection 3 Hypersensitivity 4 Rebound toxicity

Superinfection

The nurse has administered the morning dose of tobramycin to a patient according to the prescription. In the evening, the nurse collects a blood sample from the patient and observes that the serum drug concentration is greater than 2 mcg/mL. What does the nurse infer from this? 1 The patient is at risk for heartburn. 2 The patient is at risk for nasal congestion. 3 The patient is at risk for renal dysfunction. 4 The patient is at risk for red man syndrome

The patient is at risk for renal dysfunction.

A patient with a respiratory infection is treated with doxycycline. At the follow-up visit, the nurse finds that the signs and symptoms of infection have not subsided. Which patient action might have caused a reduction in the therapeutic effect of the drug? 1 The patient took the medication with salt crackers. 2 The patient refrained from going out in the sunlight. 3 The patient took the medication with a glass of milk. 4 The patient refrained from taking antacids along with the medication.

The patient took the medication with a glass of milk.

The nurse is assessing a patient who is prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) for the treatment of shigellosis enteritis. The nurse instructs the patient to increase fluid intake up to 3000 mL per day. What is the reason behind this? 1 To prevent hypotension in the patient 2 To prevent drug-related crystalluria in the patient 3 To prevent mucosal irritation and dryness of the mouth 4 To maintain the fluid and electrolyte balance in the body

To prevent drug-related crystalluria in the patient