Embalming Microbiology

Hypertonic

A bacterium in a ________ would shrivel

hypotonic

A bacterium in a __________ solution would swell and might burst

8-14

A base would be numbers ___ to ____ on the ph scale

Alcohol

A chemical method of controlling microbes that denatures proteins and dissolves lipids in the cell membrane is:

Phenol

A chemical method of controlling microbes that has a sickening sweet and tarry odor is:

Iodophore

A compound of Iodine and surfactant is:

Iodine

A disinfectant that is a tincture is:

Iodine

A disinfectant that oxidizes certain molecules within the microbial cell is:

A combustion chamber

A retort is:

Glycocalyx

A sticky, gelatinous coating on bacteria that surrounds the cell wall is the?

Endospore

A thick walled cell produced by bacteria to survive unfavorable conditions is the?

Bacteriophage

A virus that infects bacteria is?

Antigen

An _____________ causes the body's immune system to respond.

0-6

An acid would be numbers ____ to ____ on the ph scale

Larvicide

An agent that kills mosquito larvae is:

are not normally present in the body

An exogenous infection is caused by microbes that:

Fomite

An inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted is a:

Focal

An infection where microbes enter blood or lymph vessels and spread to other parts of the body is called a _____________ infection?

Vector

An organism that spreads disease is called a/n?

slime layer

An unorganized coating on bacteria that is closely attached to the cell wall is the?

integument

Another word for skin?

Fimbriae

Appendages on a bacterium that allows it to attach to surfaces is?

Binary Fission

Bacteria reproduce by a process called?

Facultative

Bacteria that can adapt to different sources of nutrition are __________ bacteria?

obligate anaerobes

Bacteria that must NOT be in the presence of oxygen are?

Mesophiles

Bacteria that prefer human body temperatures are?

Pandemic

COVID-19 is a _________disease?

Sterilization

Completely removing or destroying all life-forms, endospores and their products are:

Disinfection

Destroying pathogenic agents by disinfecting inanimate objects is:

Zoonoses

Diseases that are communicable from animal or animal products are:

Virus

Genetic material in a protein coat would describe a ?

Nosocomial

Healthcare associated infections are called ___________ infections?

It usually increases effectiveneess

How does higher temperatures affect the effectiveness of chemical agents?

20%

How much of the Earth's oxygen do autotrophic bacteria produce?

commensalism

In a microbial association, when one bacterium benefits and the other is unaffected, that is known as:

Antisepsis

Inhibiting microbial growth on living tissue is:

gangrene

Necrosis of tissue is called:

heterotrophs

Organisms that cannot make their own food and require food from a carbon source are?

Autotrophs

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis are?

saprophytes

Organisms that utilize decomposing matter as nutrients are?

Antibodies

Proteins that are Y shaped and either neutralize or destroy antigens are:

Interferons

Proteins that respond to viruses, bind to receptors on uninfected cells, and causes uninfected cells to produce antiviral enzymes are:

Attenuation

Reducing a microbe's virulence by diluting or weakening it is:

Poultry

Salmonella food poisoning comes from:

Fibrinolysin

Some bacteria use an enzyme that digests fibrin threads to better utilize blood as a nutrient. That enzyme is _______:

lockjaw

Tetanus is also known as:

Virulence

The ability of a microbe to survive and produce disease is:

Yershinia perstis

The bacterium that causes bubonic plague is:

Incineration

The best method to treat hazardous waste is:

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

The correct way to write the name of the bacterium that causes gonorrhea is?

Hyaluronidase

The enzyme that Staphylococcus aureus uses to penetrate the body's connective tissue is:

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

The four kingdoms are:

Thermal death point

The lowest temperature which all microbes are killed in 10 minutes is:

Reservoir

The natural habitat of a pathogen is:

Smallpox

The only disease that was eradicated and is no longer in the human population is:

UV light

The physical method of controlling microbes that damages the cell's DNA is:

Dry heat

The physical method of controlling microbes that denatures proteins is:

Cluster

The prefix staphyl- means:

Chain

The prefix strepto- means:

Sporulation

The process bacteria use to produce the endospore is?

Septicemia

The proper term for "blood poisoning" is:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The pus from _______________ is blue:

mycology

The study of fungi is called?

pairs, chains, clusters

The three arrangements of bacteria are?

coccus, bacillus, spirilla

The three basic shapes of bacteria are?

15 psi @ 121 F for 10 minutes

Under what conditions must an autoclave work to sterilize?

Surfactants

What alters the surface tension of the cell membrane, causing the cell contents to leak out and kill the cell?

Sterilization

What can kill endospores?

cowpox

What disease gave milkmaids immunity to smallpox?

Pseudomonas

What genus of bacteria is commonly associated with secondary infections in burn patients?

serious hair follicle infection called a boil

What is a Furuncle?

UV

What kind of light controls microbial growth?

Amphitrichous

When bacteria have flagella on each end of the cell, that is known as?

Peritrichous

When bacteria have flagella over the entire cell, that is known as?

Mutualism

When both species of bacteria benefit inn association, that is known as:

antogonism

When one bacterium inhibits the growth of another; that is known as:

staphylococcus aureus

Which bacterium causes a furuncle?

streptococcus pyogenes

Which bacterium causes scarlet fever?

streptococcus Pyogenes

Which bacterium causes strep throat?

Acquired

__________________ immunity is a result of being sick once or getting a vaccination.

Toxemia

____________________ is when poisonous products of bacteria are distributed throughout the body:

viricide

an agent that kills viruses

Psychrophiles

bacteria that might prefer the temperature of remains in a refrigeration unit are?

Plasmids

small circles of DNA separate from the main chromosome in bacteria

Endotoxin

A/n ____________________ is toxin confined within the body of a bacterium and is released only when the bacterium is broken down.

obligate aerobes

Bacteria that MUST have oxygen are?

obligate saprophyte

Bacteria that would be utilizing tissue of human remains as a nutrition source would be ______ bacteria?

Epidemic

Ebola is a ___________disease?

Scarlet fever

In what disease is the tongue spotted with a strawberry- like appearance?

Cytomegalovirus

The microbe of great concern that can cross the placenta is:

Anopheles mosquito

The mosquito that causes malaria is:

Botulinum Toxin

The most poisonous substance on Earth is:

Cresols

What chemical is used to produce lysol?

impetigo

What is a local skin infection caused by Streptococcus progenies that mostly infects children who scratch insect bites?

Chlorine

What is used to treat municipal drinking water and swimming pools?

staphylococcus aureus

Which bacterium causes toxic shock syndrome?

Alexander Flemming

Who discovered penicillin?