EMR Final

A healthy newborn's resting respiratory rate should not exceed: 30 breaths/min 60 breaths/min 40 breaths/min 50 breaths/min

60 bpm

Which of the following may occur with heatstroke, but not with heat exhaustion? A normal body temperature Severe irritability and hyperactivity A body temperature as high as 104°F (40°C) A pulse that is slow and bounding

A body temperature as high as 104°F (40°C)

Which of the following most accurately defines a behavioral emergency? A psychiatric patient experiences a sudden deterioration in his or her condition and becomes suicidal A patient requires medical assistance because of a progressive change in his or her behavior A person who was otherwise acting normally suddenly becomes irritable and displays abnormal or bizarre behavior A person exhibits abnormal, unacceptable behavior that cannot be tolerated by family, friends, or the community

A person who was otherwise acting normally suddenly becomes irritable and displays abnormal or bizarre behavior

Which of the following statements regarding an EMR's attitude and conduct is not correct? Maintaining a neat and professional appearance provides reassurance Information regarding the patient should not be shared with your family A stern tone of voice will ensure that you gain your patient's confidence As an EMR, you will be judged by your attitude and conduct

A stern tone of voice will ensure

The circulatory system consists of all of the following components, except: Arteries Heart Veins Alveoli

Alveoli

In which of the following situations would it be most appropriate to use an improvised device instead of a commercially prepared long backboard? A commercially prepared backboard is not immediately available to move a stable patient An injured patient must be moved immediately to prevent further injury or death An unstable patient with severe injuries requires immediate transportation to the hospital An injured patient in a safe area has an unstable airway that requires immediate treatment.

An injured patient must be moved immediately to prevent further injury or death

Which of the following statements regarding approaching a helicopter is correct? Always approach a helicopter from the upside if it has landed on a slope It is usually safest to approach the helicopter from the rear of the aircraft As soon as the helicopter has landed, you should approach it from the front Approach the helicopter only after the pilot signals that it is safe to do so

Approach the helicopter only after the pilot signals that it is safe to do so

While assessing a conscious and alert 28-year-old man who was exposed to the cold for a prolonged period of time, you note that he is shivering and his fingers are numb and pale. Initial care includes: Rubbing his hands with a chemical heatpack Briskly rubbing his fingers with your hands Submerging his hands in water that is 120 degrees F (49 degrees C) Asking him to place his arms in his armpits

Asking him to place his arms in his armpits

While assessing a conscious and alert 28-year-old man who was exposed to the cold for a prolonged period of time, you note that he is shivering and his fingers are numb and pale. Initial care includes: Briskly rubbing his fingers with your hands Asking him to place his hands in his armpits Rubbing his hands with a chemical heat pack Submerging his hands in water that is 120°F (49°C).

Asking him to place his hands in his armpit

The most sensitive cells in the human body are in the: Kidneys Lungs Heart Brain

Brain

Compared to veins, arteries: Carry blood back to the heart under low pressure Are thin-walled and carry blood back to the heart Return blood back to the heart and are thick-walled Carry blood away from the heart at high pressure

Carry blood away from the heart at high pressure

Which of the following general statements regarding care of the pediatric patient is false? Even experienced providers respond emotionally to a seriously injured child It is critical that you remain calm and professional when caring for children Frightened children are usually able to communicate the problem to you clearly In some cases, an ill child reminds an EMS provider of someone he or she knows

Frightened children are usually able to communicate the problem to you clearly

Blood is pumped throughout the entire body after it: Has been filtered by the kidneys Has picked up oxygen in the lungs Leaves the right ventricle of the heart Circulates within the liver

Has picked up oxygen in the lungs

Which of the following occurs during alveolar ventilation? Incoming oxygen passes from the blood into the alveoli, and outgoing carbon dioxide passes from the alveoli into the blood Incoming oxygen passes from the alveoli into the blood, and outgoing carbon dioxide passes from the blood into the alveoli Incoming carbon dioxide passes from the alveoli into the blood, and outgoing oxygen passes from the blood into the alveoli Outgoing carbon dioxide passes from the alveoli into the blood, and incoming oxygen passes from the blood into the alveoli

Incoming oxygen passes from the alveoli into the blood, and outgoing carbon dioxide passes from the blood into the alveoli

What is insulin?

Insulin is a hormone which converts glucose into glycogen (when blood sugar levels are too high)

In addition to the nature of the call, minimum information that the dispatcher should obtain from a caller includes the: Age and sex of the patient, the patient's medical history, and weather conditions at the time of the call Callback number of the caller, the patient's chief complaint, and a list of the patient's medications Location of the patient, the number of patients, any special considerations, and the callback number of the caller Name and sex of the patient, the name of the patient's physician, and the patient's hospital preference

Location of the patient, the number of patients, any special considerations, and the callback number of the caller

You are assessing a conscious and alert 20-year-old man who complains of dizziness, lightheadedness, and nausea that began after working for several hours in the sun. The ambient temperature is 100°F (38°C). After moving the patient to a cooler environment and assessing him, you should: Monitor his ABCs and arrange for transport to the hospital Rapidly cool him by applying ice packs to his groin region Tell him to go home and get rest before returning to work. Give him 1 to 2 L of cool water for rehydration

Monitor his ABCs and arrange for transport to the hospital

You are assessing a conscious and alert 20-year-old man who complains of dizziness, lightheadedness, and nausea that began after working for several hours in the sun. The ambient temperature is 100°F (38°C). After moving the patient to a cooler environment and assessing him, you should: Tell him to go home and get rest before returning to work Give him 1 to 2 L of cool water for rehydration Monitor his ABCs and arrange for transport to the hospital Rapidly cool him by applying ice packs to his groin region

Monitor his ABCs and arrange for transport to the hospital

An older person who has a malnourished appearance has most likely experienced: Sexual abuse Neglect Physical abuse Emotional abuse

Neglect

If you are unable to determine what is causing a patient's altered level of consciousness, you should: Treat the patient based on his or her signs and symptoms Observe the patient until EMS personnel arrive at the scene Apply an AED in case the patient develops cardiac arrest Place the patient in the recovery position and observe

Observe the patient until EMS personnel arrive at the scene

What is a seizure?

Paroxysmal, uncontrolled electrical discharge of neurons in the brain that interrupts normal function.

Blood clotting is the responsibility of: Plasma White blood cells Red blood cells Platelets

Platelets

Which of the following functions would the EMS medical director be the least likely to perform? Providing direction during an EMR's initial training Establishing medical policies and procedures Responding to the scene of an emergency Providing medical direction via two-way radio

Responding to the scene of an emergency

A poison is most accurately defined as a: substance that can cause death in relatively small quantities chemical that causes severe illness only when it is ingested toxic chemical that is injected directly into a large vein substance that requires large quantities to be fatal

Substance that can cause death in relatively small quantities

Any time you approach a patient with a soft-tissue injury, your most immediate priority should be to: Cover the injury Control all bleeding Take standard precautions Ensure a patent airway

Take standard precautions

Which of the following statements regarding pregnancy is correct? First-time mothers will most likely deliver their infant outside a hospital The number of previous pregnancies determines the exact length of labor The length of labor is often longer in women who are first-time mothers Women who have delivered several children can usually reach a hospital

The length of labor is often longer in women who are first-time mothers

Which of the following statements regarding the aging process is correct? Heredity and lifestyle choices have no influence on the speed with which body functions decline Most older patients have lost their full mental capacity by the time they reach 70 years of age The natural process of aging results in a gradual decline in the functioning of all body systems Deterioration of body functions is a rapid process that begins as soon as a person reaches 50 years of age

The natural process of aging results in a gradual decline in the functioning of all body systems

The best route to take when responding to an emergency call should depend on: The weather forecast for that day The number of other units responding The severity of the patient's condition Traffic patterns and the time of day

Traffic patterns and the time of day

The recovery position is used for patients who are: Unconscious and not injured Experiencing respiratory distress Severely obese and not breathing Semiconscious with a neck injury

Unconscious and not injured

The most common cause of seizures in infants and young children is: Drug or alcohol poisoning A severe head injury Epilepsy A sudden high fever

a sudden high fever

You are the first medically trained person to arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle crash. The patient is conscious and is bleeding heavily from a wound on his head. He is still in the vehicle, which has power lines draped across the hood. You should: ask the patient to crawl out of the vehicle carefully without touching metal advise the patient to remain still and immediately contact the power company put on rubber gloves and carefully move the power lines away from the car carefully remove the patient from the vehicle without touching any metal

advise the patient to remain still

A chemical substance that has a pH of greater than 7 is called an: antidote. acid alkali adsorbent

alkali

When treating a patient who has a dialysis shunt in his or her arm, it is important to: Avoid taking a blood pressure in the arm that has the shunt Use the shunt as the primary site for assessing the pulse Keep the arm with the shunt well above the level of the heart Cover the shunt with a sterile dressing to prevent infection

avoid taking a blood pressure in the arm that has the shunt

You respond to the residence of an 80-year-old woman who fell. When you enter the patient's home, you find her sitting on the couch. She is wearing several layers of clothing and complains of pain to her left arm, shoulder, and hip. Responding EMTs are en route to the scene. After ensuring a patent airway and adequate breathing and circulation, you should: carefully remove enough clothing so that you can conduct a complete full-body assessment contact a family member and obtain consent to assess her and provide further treatment leave her clothing in place to prevent hypothermia and keep her still until the EMTs arrive obtain her medical history by speaking with an elevated tone of voice directly into her ear

carefully remove enough clothing so that you can conduct a complete full-body assessment

If a patient is lying on the floor or ground in an unsafe environment, you should: Push the patient to safety using the long axis of his or her body Grab the patient by the pants and quickly drag him or her to a safe area. Drag the patient away from the scene instead of trying to lift or carry him or her Disregard the possibility of spinal injury and move the patient quickly

drag the patient away from the scene

Common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include all of the following, except: Nausea and dizziness Profuse sweating Lightheadedness Flushed, dry skin

flush dry skin

Common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include all of the following, except: Nausea and dizziness Profuse sweating Flushed, dry skin Lightheadedness

flushed dry skin

When treating a person who has ingested a poison, you should first: notify the poison control center identify the poison the person ingested arrange for prompt transport to a hospital induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac

indentify the poison

What are the 2 kinds of strokes?

ischemic- blockage of an artery hemorrhagic- caused by bleeding

A snoring sound heard when an unconscious patient is breathing is most often the result of: Partial blockage of the airway by the tongue Blood or other fluids in the upper airway A respiratory rate that is too slow or too fast Narrowing of the upper airway structures

partial blockage of the airway by tongue

The _________ draw(s) nutrients from the wall of the mother's uterus and deliver(s) them to the developing fetus. Umbilical cord Uterus Ovaries Placenta

placenta

Carbon monoxide negatively affects the body by: inducing violent vomiting and causing aspiration causing blood to back up into the tissue of the lungs destroying a large number of circulating white blood cells preventing red blood cells from carrying oxygen

preventing red blood cells from carrying oxygen

Much of the emergency care you provide to a patient who has been poisoned is based on the: specific type of poison involved in the incident route by which the poison entered the body signs and symptoms the patient is experiencing reason why the poisoning incident occurred

signs and symptoms that a patient is experiencing

Components of the quality improvement process, as identified by the Institute of Medicine, include all of the following, except: Safety Efficiency Teamwork Timeliness

teamwork

Plasma is: The fluid component of the blood Also called an infection fighter Contained within blood cells What carries oxygen to the cells

the fluid component of blood

When moving a patient, who typically gives the command to begin the move? The strongest rescuer at the scene The paramedic in charge of patient care The most senior responder at the scene The rescuer at the patient's head

the rescuer at the head

A pregnant patient should be positioned on her left side because: this will allow venous blood to return to the heart the heart will be compressed if she is on her back this will slow down labor and prolong delivery it is usually the most comfortable position for her

this will allow venous blood to return to the heart

All of the following are part of the normal grieving process, except: Depression Anger Acceptance Violence

violence

You are the first medically trained person to arrive at the scene of an ill person. You find the patient, a 350-pound man, sitting in a small bathroom. The patient tells you that he is extremely weak and is unable to walk. You should: wait for additional rescuers to arrive before trying to move him apply a cervical collar and position the patient on his left side use the one-person walking assist technique to move the patient carefully lift the patient and move him to a more open area

wait for additional rescuers