EMT 12, 24 & 25

Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during: Select one: A. cardiogenic shock. B. septic shock. C. neurogenic shock. D. anaphylactic shock.

A. cardiogenic shock. Chapter 12, page 491, Types of Shock

When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position. B. bilateral hip fractures usually occur when an elderly person falls. C. any fall in the elderly is considered to be high-energy trauma. D. elderly patients who fall usually have a secondary head injury.

A. osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position. Chapter 24, page 859, Blunt Trauma

A 43-year-old man is experiencing a severe nosebleed. His blood pressure is 190/110 mm Hg and his heart rate is 90 beats/min and bounding. Preferred treatment for this patient includes: Select one: A. pinching the patient's nostrils and having him lean forward. B. having the patient pinch his own nostrils and then lie supine. C. packing both nostrils with gauze pads until the bleeding stops. D. placing a rolled 4² × 4² dressing between his lower lip and gum.

A. pinching the patient's nostrils and having him lean forward. Chapter 25, pages 895-896, Emergency Medical Care for External Bleeding

In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding may be: Select one: A. weakness or dizziness. B. a low blood pressure. C. a heart rate over 120 beats/min. D. diaphoresis and pale skin.

A. weakness or dizziness. Chapter 25, page 886, Internal Bleeding

The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: Select one: A. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries. B. the detection of less obvious life-threatening injuries. C. a predictable pattern that leads to serious injuries. D. the way in which traumatic injuries occur.

A. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries. Chapter 24, page 847, Introduction

Which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41-year-old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal? Select one: A. Any designated trauma center is acceptable. B. A Level I or Level II trauma center C. A Level IV or Level III trauma center D. Only a Level I trauma center

B. A Level I or Level II trauma center Chapter 24, page 868, Management: Transport and Destination

As you approach a patient lying at the side of the roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be? Select one: A. Administer oxygen. B. Control the bleeding. C. Open the airway. D. Check for a pulse.

B. Control the bleeding Chapter 12, pages 497-498, Patient Assessment for Shock

A 20-year-old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should: Select one: A. wrap the towel with pressure bandages. B. apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. C. administer high-flow supplemental oxygen. D. apply pressure to the brachial artery.

B. apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. Chapter 12, page 504, Emergency Medical Care for Shock

Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of: Select one: A. a fracture of the skull. B. intracranial bleeding. C. spinal cord injury. D. airway compromise.

B. intracranial bleeding. Chapter 24, page 865, Patient Assessment

A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain? Select one: A. Direct trauma to the spinal column B. Secondary fall after the initial impact C. Energy transmission to the spine D. Lateral impact to the spine

C. Energy transmission to the spine Chapter 24, pages 858-859, Blunt Trauma

When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. irreversible shock often responds well to a prompt blood transfusion. B. the patient's respirations are deep during the early stages of shock. C. blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock. D. multiple fractures are the most common cause of hypovolemic shock.

C. blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock. Chapter 12, page 496, The Progression of Shock

In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by: Select one: A. diaphoresis. B. tachycardia. C. hypothermia. D. hypovolemia.

C. hypothermia Chapter 12, page 493, Types of Shock

Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of diffuse abdominal pain and pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be MOST suspicious of injury to the: Select one: A. gallbladder. B. liver. C. spleen. D. pancreas.

C. spleen. Chapter 25, page 885, Internal Bleeding

Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume. Select one: A. 5% B. 10% C. 15% D. 20%

D. 20% Chapter 25, pages 882-883, External Bleeding

What mechanism(s) does the body use to control bleeding? Select one: A. Clotting B. Coagulation C. Vasoconstriction D. All of these answers are correct.

D. All of these answers are correct. Chapter 25, page 883, External Bleeding

If applying a dressing to control the bleeding of a patient's arm, the EMT should ________. Select one: A. apply direct pressure first B. use large or small gauze pads or dressings depending upon the size of the wound C. cover the entire wound, above and below, with the dressing D. All of these answers are correct.

D. All of these answers are correct. Chapter 25, page 889, Emergency Medical Care for External Bleeding

Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of ________. Select one: A. neurogenic shock B. septic shock C. psychogenic shock D. anaphylactic shock

D. anaphylactic shock Chapter 12, page 494, Types of Shock

A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then: Select one: A. apply a cervical collar. B. auscultate bowel sounds. C. obtain baseline vital signs. D. assess for an exit wound.

D. assess for an exit wound Chapter 24, pages 859-860, Penetrating Trauma

A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should: Select one: A. obtain baseline vital signs. B. apply a nonrebreathing mask. C. perform a secondary assessment. D. assist the patient's ventilations.

D. assist the patient's ventilations. Chapter 25, page 886, Patient Assessment for External and Internal Bleeding

To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as: Select one: A. the lungs. B. the brain. C. the heart. D. the skin.

D. the skin. Chapter 12, page 488, Pathophysiology

According to the Association of Air Medical Services, you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if: Select one: A. ground transport will take your ambulance out of service for an extended period of time, regardless of the severity of the patient's injuries. B. the patient requires advanced life support care and stabilization, and the nearest ALS-ground ambulance is more than 5 to 10 minutes away. C. he or she was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another occupant in the same vehicle was killed, even if your patient's injuries are minor. D. traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome.

D. traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome. Chapter 24, page 867, Management: Transport and Destination