EMT Chapter 1 - 32

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all the patients have been triaged

Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass casualty incident should be determined after

9

Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score is ___________

pupillary constriction

when activated the sympathetic nervous system produces all of the following effects EXCEPT _______

brush away the chemical before flushing with water

when caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should _____________

wear gloves and facial protection

when caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMTs immediate priority should be to _______

increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an ________________

forceful coughing

Signs of a sudden severe upper airway obstruction include all of the following EXCEPT __________

HIPAA

The EMT is legally obligated to protect a patients privacy according to______________

foramen magnum

The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the __________

most serious thing the patient is concerned about

The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the _______________

it is clear, jelly like fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost

which of the following statements regarding the vitreous humor is correct?

gastrointestinal system

which organ or organ system has the greatest tolerance for lack of perfusion (shock)?

red blood cells

which portion of the blood carries oxygen to and wastes away from body tissues?

provide emotional support en route to the hospital

An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to _______________________

blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight

An infants blood pressure typically increases with age because ________________

a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body

An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as ___________

opens eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain

An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score?

prone

An intoxicated 40 yr old male is found lying face down. How would you document his bodys position?

liver failure

An overdose of acetaminophen the active ingredient in Tylenol will MOST likely cause

oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar capillary membrane

In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur ___________________

lips or oral mucosa

In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the _______________

A 37 yr old female who is found unconscious in her bed

In which of the following patients would the head tilt chin lift maneuver be the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway?

A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change

In which of the following situations does a legal duty act clearly exist?

61 yr old man with signs and symptoms of a stroke and a ground transport time of 50 minutes

In which of the following situations would it be MOST appropriate to utilize an air medical transportation service?

shock

Inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called _______________________

cerebral vasodilation

Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following EXCEPT ___________________

the cells function with adequate oxygen

Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when ____________

not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons

Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include _______________

advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification

Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patients condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should __________________________

capsules

Medications encased in a gelatin shell that are taken by mouth are called ___________

a fever

Most patients with an infectious disease will have _____________

referred pain

Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called _________________________

disease

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular __________________

pelvic inflammatory disease

Patient complaints of pain during intercourse, lower abdominal discomfort, and nausea may be indicative of which of the following?

EMS research

Prehospital patient care decisions should be based on ________________

dry the chest if it is wet

Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should ____________________

decomposition of the bodys tissue

Putrefaction is defined as ______________

the reason why the patient called EMS

Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following, EXCEPT ____________

septic shock

Shock due to severe infection is called ___________

taken seriously and the patient is transported for gynecologic evaluation

The EMT should ensure that vaginal bleeding is ___________

pediatric pads and an energy reducing device are available

The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 yrs of age if __________________________

personal safety

The EMTs first priority is __________________

medical director

The EMTs scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the ___________________

injury to you or your patient

The MOST serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is _____________

labia majora ; labia minora

The ___________ and ______________ are folds of tissue that surround the urethral and vaginal openings.

apex

The _____________ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles.

fallopian tubes

The _______________connects each ovary with the uterus

Time management

The ability to handle multiple tasks based on their priority is called ___________________

0.3;0.15

The adult epinephrine auto injector delivers ___________ mg of epinephrine, and the infant child auto injector delivers ____________mg.

after the primary assessment has been completed

The determination of whether a medical patient is high priority or low priority transport is typically made __________________

EMS research

The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important then performing time consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on ______________

animals or insects

Vector borne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via _______________

To transport a mature egg to the uterus

What is the function of the fallopian tubes?

feeling "bad" or "depressed" means that you must be "sick"

What is the most common misconception surrounding mental illness?

12 - 20 breaths/min

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?

intramuscular

What is the route of administration for the EpiPen auto injector?

jaw thrust maneuver

What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma?

air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange

What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly?

protect itself, go on alert, attempt to inactivate the foreign substance

When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will _____________________

quickly, within 30 minutes

When an allergic reaction proceeds to life threatening anaphylaxis, it will usually do so ________

primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked

When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury it is important to remember that __________

blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock

When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that __________________

osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position

When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that ________________

ask the patient to close his or her eyes during the assessment

When assessing for arm drift of a patient with suspected stroke, you should _________________

internal bleeding may be profuse because prolonged alcohol use may impair the bloods ability to clot

When caring for a known alcoholic patient with severe trauma to the chest and abdomen you should be concerned that ______________

sudden death can occur if the patients violence is not controlled

When caring for a patient experiencing excited delirium, the EMT should remember that ____________

limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible

When caring for a patient with an altered mental status signs of circulatory compromise, you should ______

a seizure

When caring for a patient with documented hypoglycemia, you should be MOST alert for _______

the conditions of many medical patients may not appear serious at first

When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, it is important to remember that _______________________

when the patient poses a significant threat to self or others

When is forcible restraint permitted?

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Which of the following medications blocks the release of histamines?

pancreas

Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?

a conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin

Which of the following patients is breathing adequately?

tightness in the chest or throat

Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction?

It is a constantly open line of communication that cannot be accessed by outside users

Which of the following statements regarding a "dedicated line" is correct?

A mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport

Which of the following statements regarding a patient refusal is correct?

an emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment

Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct?

Patients who miss dialysis treatment often present with weakness

Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?

the brain requires glucose as much as it requires oxygen

Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?

oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries

Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct?

oxygen supports the combustion process and may cause a fire

Which of the following statements regarding oxygen is correct?

parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications

Which of the following statements regarding parenteral medications is correct?

the majority of a horizontal patients weight is in the torso

Which of the following statements regarding patient weight distribution is correct?

In sickle cell disease, the red blood cells are abnormally shaped and are less able to carry oxygen

Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell disease is correct?

the Salmonella bacterium itself causes food poisoning

Which of the following statements regarding the Salmonella bacterium is correct?

the MOI may allow you to predict the severity of a patients injuries

Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct?

diaphragm

difficultly breathing and a sunken appearance of the anterior abdominal wall is MOST indicative of a ruptured ____________________

air splint

which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?

they usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly

which of the following statements regarding anterior nosebleeds is correct?

compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hrs after an injury

which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct?

compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.

which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?

patients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously

which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is correct?

hypoxia and hypotension are the two most common causes of secondary brain injury

which of the following statements regarding secondary brain injury is correct?

has a history of eye surgeries

you are assessing a 59 yr old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious and alert. When obtaining his medical history it is MOST pertinent to ask him if he _______________

injection

Of the four avenues of poisoning, generally ___________ is the most worrisome in terms of treatment to the EMS provider.

take multiple medications

Older adults frequently _____________________

phone or radio contact with the medical director

Online medical control requires______________

low flow oxygen

Which of the following may help reduce your patients nausea?

cartilage

"Chondro" in the word chondritis means _______________

muscle

"Myo" in the word myocarditis means ___________

supine positioning, splinting the leg, and transporting

31 yr old male was bitten on the leg by an unidentified snake. the patient is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. Your assessment of his leg reveals two small puncture marks with minimal pain and swelling. In addition to administering oxygen and providing reassurance, further care for this patient should include __________

back is bent forward at the hips

An EMT may injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the _________________

is excessively thirsty

A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she __________

stabilize her entire spine

A 15 yr old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to __________________

inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible

A 16 yr old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview you should _______________

administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital

A 19 yr old female was stung multiple times on the legs by fire ants. She states that she is allergic to fire ants, but does not carry her own epinephrine. The patient is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the area of the bites. Her blood pressure is 122/70 mm Hg. her pulse is 100 beats/min and strong and her respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. You should _____________

apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist

A 20 yr old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should ___________

administer high flow oxygen place a sterile pad over her vagina, keep her warm, elevate her lower extremities, and transport without delay

A 26 yr old female presents with heavy vaginal bleeding. She is conscious but restless. Her blood pressure is 84/54 mm Hg, her pulse is 120 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. She tells you that she inserted a tampon about 2 hours ago. You should _________________

Mallory Weiss tear

A 29 yr old pregnant woman has had severe vomiting for the last 2 days. Today she is vomiting large amounts of blood. Her skin is cool and pale and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect ______

epinephrine

A 30 yr old male presents with acute shortness of breath, widespread hives, and facial swelling. He denies any past medical history and takes no medications. During your assessment, you hear wheezing over all the lung fields. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to giving him high flow oxygen, the MOST important treatment for this patient is ______________________

reassess the patient and document her response to the medication

A 31 yr old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert. but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should ____________

ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother

A 4 yr old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mothers lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The childs mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably which causes the child to start crying. You should __________

delirium tremens

A 49 yr old male presents with confusion, sweating, and visual hallucinations. The patients wife tells you that he is a heavy drinker and she thinks he had a seizure shortly before your arrival. This patient is MOST likely experiencing ______________

distal

A 5 yr old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____________ forearm

administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport

A 59 yr old male presents with sudden onset severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should ______________________

begin CPR until an AED is available

A 60 yr old man if found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should ______________

assist him with his nitroglycerin before assessing his blood pressure is less then 100 mm Hg

A 62 yr old male is seen with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin but states that he has not taken any. After administering supplemental oxygen if needed and contacting medical control, you should _____________________

administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further

A 66 yr old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, her respirations are 22 breaths/min, and her oxygen saturation is 92%. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should

gastrointestinal bleeding

A 67 yr old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing _______

report the incident to your supervisor after the call

After assessing a patients blood glucose level you accidently stick yourself with the contaminated lancet. You should ______________

open and maintain her airway and assess breathing

A man finds his 59 yr old wife unconscious on the couch. He states that she takes medications for type 2 diabetes. He further tells you that his wife has been ill recently and has not eaten for the past 24 hrs. Your assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive. You should ____________

carbon monoxide poisoning

A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. There is no evidence of injury and the patients medical history is not known. The patients face is cyanotic, yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. Which of the following would most likely explain this?

ventricular contraction

A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents ____________

has bleeding within the brain

A patient who is possibly experiencing a stroke is NOT eligible for thrombolytic (fibrinolytic) therapy if he or she ________________________

dysarthria

A patient whose speech is slurred and difficult to understand is experiencing ____________________

pale , cool, and clammy skin

A patient with hypoglycemia will often present with which of the following signs/symptoms?

abdominal pain associated with menstruation

A patient with pelvic inflammatory disease will typically complain of ________________

fluid accumulation outside of the lung

A pleural effusion is MOST accurately defined as ________________

Immediately resume CPR

After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should ____________________-

ibuprofen

Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are trade names for the generic medication ______________

monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine

After administering 0.3mg of epinephrine via auto injector to a 22 yr old woman with an allergic reaction you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should _______________

it is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report

As an EMT, the standards of emergency care are often partially based on _______________

Medical director approval

As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on__________

control the bleeding

As you approach a patient lying at the side of the roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be?

respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician

As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, your receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should ______________

be alert for personal hazards

As you enter the residence of a patient who has possibly overdosed you should ______________

nature of illness

Assessment of the medical patient is usually focused on the _______________

a raised, well defined area of the skin

At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as ______

noninvasive emergency care that is used to treat conditions such as airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest

Basic life support (BLS) is defined as ______________

allow full chest recoil

Between each chest compression, you should _________

gallbladder

Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the _____________

involves hands on practice

CPR retraining is the MOST effective when it ____________

1 - 3 years

Children of which age group are considered toddlers?

cool, clammy skin, weakness, tachycardia, and rapid respirations

Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include ____________________

assessment by the EMT

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following EXCEPT ____________

air passing through fluid

Crackles (rales) are caused by ______________________

is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level

In contrast to type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes __________

widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in vascular beds

Distributive shock occurs when _________________

allow him time to think about the question and respond to it

During your assessment of 20 year old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. You should _____________

he has hemophilia A

During your assessment of a 19 yr old male, you are told that he is being treated with factor VIII. This indicates that __________________

stabilize the pelvis with a pelvic binder and protect the spine

During your secondary assessment of a 30 yr old male who fell 25 feet, you note crepitus when palpating his pelvis. Your partner advises you that the patients blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak. After completing your assessment, you should __________

communicate effectively with other members of the health care team

EMTs should have a strong working knowledge of medical terminology in order to _____________

verbal and nonverbal communication techniques

Effective therapeutic communication skills require _________

but that does not mean a person is mentally ill

Everyone exhibits some signs and symptoms of mental illness at some point in life _______________

intracranial bleeding

Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22 yr old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of _______________

anaphylactic shock

Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of __________________________

identify whether the patient requires rapid transport

For a patient with a gastrointestinal complaint, it is MOST important for the EMT to ______________________

if you ventilate a patient too quickly

Gastric distention will MOST likely occur _____________

has a greater ability to produce disease

Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it ___________________

opioid

Heroin is an example of a(n) ______________

bronchiolitis

His parents tell you that their son has had a chest infection for the past two days and when they took him to their family doctor, they were told it was likely due to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). They have kept him well hydrated, but the infection seems to have gotten worse. On auscultation, you hear decreased air entry bilaterally with fine expiratory wheezes and the occasional coarse wet crackle. Based on this information, you patient is most likely suffering from ________________________

by changing the normal metabolism of cells or by destroying them

How do poisons typically act to harm the body?

minute volume is decreased

If a patients chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patients respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that _____________

hypothermia

In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by _________________

becomes engorged with blood

In anticipation of receiving a fertilized ovum, the lining of the uterine wall _______________

immediately write down your observations of the scene before assessing the patient

In cases of sexual assault, it is important to ensure that you do which of the following?

may be relatively painless

In contrast to bleeding caused by external trauma to the vagina, bleeding caused by conditions such as polyps or cancer ____________________

respiratory arrest

In most cases cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is caused by __________________

limiting the amount of air that enters the lungs during the recoil phase between chest compressions, which results in negative intrathoracic pressure and improved cardiac filling.

The impedance threshold device (ITD) may improve circulation during active compression-decompression CPR by _______________________

the right side of the body

The left cerebral hemisphere controls _________________

maintain homeostasis

The main function of the endocrine system is to _________

can maintain a patent airway of a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest

The nasopharyngeal airway is MOST beneficial because it ____________

80 and 120 mg/dL

The normal blood glucose level is between _________

ventilation

The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called _______________

adsorption

The process of binding or sticking to a surface is called ___________________

safely removing or diluting the poisonous substance

The recommended treatment for absorbed or contact poisons includes _______________

normal

The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is _____________

shrinkage of the brain

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to ______________

wash your hands in between patient contacts

The simplest yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to ____________

disease

The suffix "-pathy" means _______________

cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem

The three major parts of the brain are the _______________

physical and psychological

The two basic categories of diagnosis that a physician will use for behavorial crises or psychiatric emergencies are _______________

one arm above the head

To protect a restrained patient and prevent him from using leverage to break free, the EMT should secure ______________________

the skin

To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as _____________________

shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg

Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would MOST likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations?

put on high visibility safety vests

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash you note that two small cars collided head on the occupants are still in their vehicles. The fire department is in the process of stabilizing the vehicles and law enforcement personnel are directing traffic. After parking the ambulance at a safe distance you and your partner should ___________

women

Urinary tract infections are more common in ________

hives

Urticaria is the medical term for _______________________

have been infected with hepatitis in the past

Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if you _____________

place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry that patient down the stairs with a stair chair.

When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should _____________

with one or two hands

When performing CPR on a child, you should compress the chest _______________

on the thighs or ankles

When preparing to obtain a 12 lead ECG, the "LL" and "RL" electrodes should be placed ________________

not disclosing his or her name

When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patients privacy by __________

15 to 20 inches

When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than ____________ in front of your torso.

quadruples

When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy ________

protecting patient privacy

Which aspect of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act MOST affects EMS personnel?

rapidly assessing a patients respiratory status

Which of following actions would NOT be performed during the scene size up?

the secondary assessment should focus on a certain area or region of the body as determined by the chief complaint

Which of following statements regarding secondary assessment is correct?

a seizure that begins in one extremity

Which of the following MOST accurately describes a simple partial seizure?

slow respirations

Which of the following clinical signs would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan)?

substance abuse

Which of the following conditions is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition?

acute anxiety

Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness?

severe anxiety

Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in hypoxia?

the neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

Which of the following describes the Moro Reflex?

A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured

Which of the following descriptions MOST accurately portrays emergency medical services?

its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body

Which of the following in NOT true of the lymphatic system?

Automated External Defibrillator

Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers?

metabolic coordination

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

cystic fibrosis

Which of the following is a genetic disorder that predisposes the patient to repeated lung infections?

avoid touching without permission

Which of the following is a good guideline for physical examination of any patient?

The paramedic administers a patients flu vaccination

Which of the following is a specific example of the Mobile Integrated Healthcare model?

a person violently attacking family members

Which of the following is an example of a psychiatric emergency?

the EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director

Which of the following is an example of a rules based medication error?

MRSA

Which of the following is bacterium resistant to most antibiotics and causes skin abscesses?

long backboard

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury?

adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag

Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag valve mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse?

decompression of the injured side of the chest

Which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax?

"dipl-" and "bi-"

Which of the following suffixes mean "two"?

endocrine

Which of the following systems is responsible for releasing hormones that regulate body activities?

psychosis

Which of the following terms applies to a state of delusion in which the patient is out of touch with reality?

wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking

Which of the following will help improve radio communications?

the environment in which the patient is found

Which of the following would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patients allergic reaction?

Expressed

Which type of consent is involved when a 39 yr old mentally competent female with a severe headache asks you to take her to the hospital?

rotational and rollover

Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?

administer drugs via the IV route to achieve the fastest effect

While assisting a paramedic in the attempted resuscitation of a 55 yr old male in cardiac arrest, you should expect the paramedic to _____________

aspiration pneumonia

While auscultation an elderly womans breath sounds, you hear low pitched "rattling" sounds at the bases of both her lungs. This finding is MOST consistent with which of the following conditions?

neck and facial injuries

While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on scene police officer advises you that a 6 yr old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed on the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced ______________

they are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns?

ask the patient if she has developed a suicidal plan

You are assessing a 45 yr old female who is severely depressed. She states that it seems as though her entire world is crashing down around her. She further states that she has had frequent thoughts of suicide, but is not sure if she can actually go through with it. How should you manage this situation?

on her left side

You are attending to a 26 yr old female who is 34 weeks pregnant with her first child. Your patient has been having lower abdominal pains and cramping for the past two hours. In placing your patient on the stretcher and preparing for transport, you should place her ___________________

were you shot at or under fire?

You are attending to a 32 yr old male patient. The patients wife tells you that he returned from Afghanistan last year. While he initially seemed fine, lately he has become withdrawn and distanced himself from his family and friends. He does not talk about it , but she knows that he has been having terrible nightmares that wake him up. The most appropriate question to ask regarding his experience in Afghanistan is _________________

increased patient comfort and dignity

You are attending to a 34 yr old male patient who requires transport to the hospital for assessment of his chronic back pain. The patient weighs over 750lbs. Your bariatric stretcher has a wider surface area to allow for _________________

confirm the patient identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the MedicAlert Foundation number on the bracelet

You are called to attend to an elderly patient with an extensive medical history who is now in cardiac arrest. The patients family tells you that the patient has a DNR order. There is no paperwork available but the patient does have a MedicAlert bracelet indicationg Do Not Resuscitate . You should ___________

recovery position and transport

You are caring for a 68 yr old man with sudden onset left sided paralysis and slurred speech. His airway is patent, his respirations are 14 breaths/min with adequate depth, and his oxygen saturation is 98%. Treatment for this patient should include _________________

patient advocacy

You are encouraging a patient to go to the hospital by ambulance. You know that a transport will keep you on duty several hours after your regular quitting time. This is an example of ________________

use the multiplex system to transmit the information

You are providing care to a 61 yr old female complaining of chest pain that is cardiac in origin . Your service utilizes a multiplex communication system. You wish to transmit the patients electrocardiogram to the hospital. In order to accomplish this, you must _____________

abdominal aortic aneurysm

You are transporting a 67 yr old female patient to the hospital for investigation of abdominal pain. The patient care record indicates that the patient has a history of AAA. Based on this information the patient care record includes an abbreviation for _______________

insulin

You are treating a 40 yr old male with a documented blood sugar reading of 480 mg/dL. The patient is semiconscious and breathing shallowly, and is receiving assisted ventilation from your partner. You should recognize that definitive treatment for this patient includes _________

seal the mouth and nose

You are ventilating a patient with a stoma, however air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should ______________

transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route

You respond to a residence for a child who is having a seizure. Upon arrival at the scene, you enter the residence and find the mother holding her child, a 2 yr old male. The child is conscious and crying. According to the mother, the child had been running a high fever and then experienced a seizure that lasted approximately 3 minutes. You should ___________________

begin treatment and contact medical control as needed

You respond to the home of a 59 yr old man who is unconscious, has slow, shallow breathing, and has a weak pulse. The family states that the patient has terminal brain cancer and does not wish to be resuscitated. They further state that there is a DNR order for this patient, but they are unable to locate it. You should ______________

encourage the patient to cough

Your conscious patient has a mild partial airway obstruction. You should _____________________

peptic ulcer disease

Your patient complains of chronic "burning" stomach pain that improves after eating. You should suspect _______________________

hypoxic drive

Your patient has a chronic respiratory condition. His stimulus to breathe is triggered by low oxygen levels in the blood. This is known as the _________

stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment

a 22 yr old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should ______________

assess for a carotid pulse for up to 60 seconds

a 30 yr old male was rescued after being lost in the woods for approximately 18 hrs. The outside temperature is 30 degree. He is immediately placed in the warmed ambulance, where you perform a primary assessment. He is unresponsive, pale, and apneic. You should _________

cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing

a 33 yr old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound?

restrain the patient with appropriate force in order to treat his injuries

a 38 yr old male with a history of schizophrenia is reported by neighbors to be screaming and throwing things in his house. You are familiar with the patient and have cared for him in the past for unrelated problems. Law enforcement officers escort you into the residence when you arrive. The patient tells you that he sees vampires and is attempting to ward them off by screaming and throwing things at them. He has several large lacerations to his forearms that are actively bleeding. The MOST appropriate way to manage this situation is to _____________________

administer high flow oxygen

a 39 yr old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should __________________

assess the adequacy of his respirations

a 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis you should ________________

fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport

a 52 yr old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should ______________

applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing

a 54 yr old male experienced an avulsion to his penis when his foreskin got caught in the zipper of his pants. He was able to unzip his pants and remove the foreskin prior to your arrival. Your assessment reveals that he is in severe pain and that the avulsion is bleeding moderately. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes __________________

replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with sterile dressing

a 56 yr old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should ____________

irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water

a factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should _________

a segment of the chest wall is detached from the thoracic cage

a flail chest occurs when ______________

break in the continuity of the bone

a fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n) __________

axial loading

a man jumped from the roof of his house and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his heels, knees, and lower back. This mechanism of injury is an example of ____________

perform ventilations only and allow the vest device to defibrillate

a patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest which is interfering with effective chest compressions the EMT should ____________________

is commonly caused by blunt chest trauma

a simple pneumothorax _____________

assist the patients ventilations

a young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, had shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should __________

a rapid deterioration of neurologic signs

an indicator of an expanding intracranial hematoma or rapidly progressing brain swelling is ________________

air enters the pleural space from outside of the body

an open pneumothorax occurs when _______

right atrium

deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the __________________________

direct pressure using dry sterile dressings

bleeding from soft tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with _________________

superficial

burns associated with lighting strikes are typically ________

pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass

burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because ______________

their intercostal muscles are not developed

children are often "belly breathers" because ________

a rapid, thready pulse

common signs and symptoms of a serious head injury include all of the following except ____________

improperly placed lap belt

compression injury is most likely due to which of the following?

positive indicators of a fracture

crepitus and false motion are ___________

apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse

during your assessment of a 29 year old female with significant deformity to her left elbow, you are unable to palpate a radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital is approximately 40 minutes. You should ___________

work

force acting over a distance is the definition of ______

alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery

general adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases?

95 degrees farhenit

hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature falls below _____________

must increase his or her respiratory rate to maintain adequate minute volume

if a patient with chest injury is only able to inhale small amounts of air per breath, he or she _________

primary assessment

immediately life threatening chest injuries must be found and managed during the ______________

an air embolism

in addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is _____________

involves physical injury to the brain tissue

in contrast to a cerebral concussion, a cerebral contusion _________________

the patient is clinically unstable

in general, musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless _______

larger in proportion to the abdomen

in pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are __________

are rarely life threatening

injuries to the external male genitalia ____________

why was the substance ingested?

which of the following questions would be LEAST pertinent during the initial questioning of a patient who ingested a substance?

provide emotional support and visually assess her for obvious trauma

law enforcement personnel request your assistance to assess a 31 yr old female who was sexually assaulted. When you arrive at the scene, you find the patient sitting on a curb outside her apartment. She is conscious, alert, and crying. When you ask her what happened, she tells you that she does not want to be treated or transported to the hospital. She further tells you that all she wants to do is clean up. You should __________

tachypnea

patients with chest injuries will often present with _________

may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart

placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of prenancy

requests sexual favors in exchange for something else

quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when he harasser__________________

family history

risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include ________________________

20%

significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ________ of his or her total blood volume.

possible spinal injury

the EMT must assume that any unwitnessed water related incident is accompanied by

abdominal or joint pain

the MOST prominent symptom of decompression sickness is ______________-

brain and spinal cord

the central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the __________

sinoatrial node

the electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the ________________________

the four person log roll

the ideal procedure for moving an injured patient from the ground to a backboard is _________________

bones and voluntary muscles of the body

the musculoskeletal system refers to the ________

just anterior to the tragus

the superficial temporal artery can be palpated _________

maxillae

the upper jawbones are called the _________________

clotting, coagulation, vasocontriction

what mechanisms does the body use to control bleeding?

peritonitis may not develop for several hours

when a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen ________________

may rise as high as the nipple line

when a person is lying supine at the end of exhalation, the diaphragm __________________

conduction

when a warm hand is immersed in water that is 70 degrees farhenhit, heat is transferred from the hand to the water through a process called _________

carefully assess the patient for breathing problems

when caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should _____________

the patient has been completely secured to the backboard

when immobilizing a trauma patients spine, the EMT manually stabilizing the head should not let ho until ____________

DCAP-BTLS

when performing a full body scan, you should assess for ________________

only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury

when should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient?

the tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released

whether you using a commercial device or a stick and triangular bandage as a tourniquet, it is important to remember that _______________

the body is exposed to more heat than it can lose

which of the following MOST accurately describes hyperthermia?

ears

which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin?

a level I or level II trauma center

which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41 yr old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal?

the patient takes rivaroxaban (xeralto)

which of the following findings would be the most significant when assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding?

partial thickness burn to 20% of the BSA

which of the following is a severe burn in a 65 yr old patient?

local swelling and ecchymosis

which of the following is an early sign of pit viper envenomation?

displaced fracture

which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely result in deformity?

liver

which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely when injured?

the immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling

which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process?

acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her

you are transporting an elderly woman who has possibly experienced a stroke. She is obviously scared but is unable to talk and cannot move the entire right side of her body. In addition to providing the medical care that she needs you should __________________

laceration of the aorta

you arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The patient a 50 yr old female was removed from her vehicle prior to your arrival. Bystanders who removed her state that she was not wearing a seatbelt. The patient is unresponsive, tachycardic, and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals bilaterally clear and equal breath sounds, a midline trachea, and collapsed jugular veins. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient has experienced a ________________

load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions

you receive a call to a residence for a sick patient. Upon your arrival, you find the patient, a 53 yr old diabetic male, lying down on his front porch. His wife tells you that he had been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. The patient is confused and has hot, moist skin. His pulse is weak and thready, and his blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. You should _______________

immediately request ALS support

you respond to a residence for a 40 yr old female who was assaulted by her husband, the scene has been secured by law enforcement. Upon your arrival, you find the patient lying supine on the floor in the kitchen. She is semiconscious with severely labored breathing. Further assessment reveals a large bruise to the left anterior chest, jugular venous distention, and unilaterally absent breath sounds. As your partner is supporting her ventilations, you should ___________________

slow

you should MOST suspicious that a patient has experienced a significant head injury if his or her pulse is ___________________

a hematoma in the flank region

you should suspect a kidney injury anytime the patient presents with ___________________


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