EMT Chapter 11 Practice

Which of the following patients is breathing adequately? A) A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin B) A conscious female with facial cyanosis and rapid, shallow respirations C) A conscious male with respirations of 18 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume D) An unconscious 52-year-old female with snoring respirations and cool, pale skin

A) A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin

Which of the following organs or tissues can survive the longest without oxygen? A) Muscle B) Heart C) Liver D) Kidneys

A) Muscle

Which of the following factors will cause a reduction in minute volume in an adult? A) Shallow breathing B) Increased tidal volume C) Respirations of 20 breaths/min D) Slight increase in respiratory rate

A) Shallow breathing

Gas exchange in the lungs is facilitated by: A) adequate amounts of surfactant. B) water or blood within the alveoli. C) surfactant-destroying organisms. D) pulmonary capillary constriction

A) adequate amounts of surfactant.

The EMT should assess a patient's tidal volume by: A.observing for adequate chest rise. B.assessing the facial area for cyanosis. C.counting the patient's respiratory rate. D.measuring the patient's oxygen saturation.

A.observing for adequate chest rise.

During insertion of an oropharyngeal airway into an unconscious patient, she begins to vomit. The first thing you should do is: A.turn the patient on her side. B.remove the airway at once. C.suction the patient's mouth. D.use a smaller-sized oral airway.

A.turn the patient on her side.

An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressure inside it is less than: A) 200 psi. B) 500 psi. C) 1,000 psi. D) 1,500 psi.

B) 500 psi.

Which of the following oxygen flowmeters is NOT affected by gravity and can be used in any position when attached to an oxygen cylinder? A) Vertical-position flowmeter B) Bourdon-gauge flowmeter C) Ball-and-float flowmeter D) Pressure-compensated flowmeter

B) Bourdon-gauge flowmeter

Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia? A) Anxiety B) Cyanosis C) Tachycardia D) Restlessness

B) Cyanosis

What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient? A) Vomitus B) The tongue C) Blood clots D) Aspirated fluid

B) The tongue

High-flow oxygen with a nasal cannula during the preoxygenation phase of endotracheal intubation is called: A) denitrogenation. B) apneic oxygenation. C) passive ventilation. D) active ventilation.

B) apneic oxygenation.

Oxygen toxicity is a condition in which: A) excessive blood oxygen levels cause the hypoxic patient to stop breathing. B) cellular tissue damage occurs from excessive oxygen levels in the blood. C) significantly low levels of oxygen in the blood damage the cellular tissue. D) decreased levels of oxygen in the blood result in free radical production.

B) cellular tissue damage occurs from excessive oxygen levels in the blood.

The hypoxic drive is influenced by: A) high blood oxygen levels. B) low blood oxygen levels. C) low blood carbon dioxide levels. D) high blood carbon dioxide levels.

B) low blood oxygen levels.

A patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and is breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen with a: A) nasal cannula. B) nonrebreathing mask. C) bag-mask device. D) mouth-to-mask device

B) nonrebreathing mask.

The diaphragm is innervated by the _________ nerve, which allows it to contract. A) vagus B) phrenic C) hypoglossal D) vestibulocochlear

B) phrenic

Breathing is controlled by an area in the: A.lungs. B.brainstem. C.spinal cord. D.diaphragm.

B.brainstem.

You and your partner are ventilating an apneic adult when you notice that his stomach is becoming distended. You should: A.suction his airway for up to 15 seconds. B.reposition his head. C.increase the rate and volume of your ventilations. D.decrease your ventilation rate but use more volume.

B.reposition his head.

Signs of adequate breathing in the adult include all of the following, EXCEPT: A.pink, warm, dry skin. B.shallow chest rise. C.symmetrical chest movement. D.a respiratory rate of 16 breaths/min.

B.shallow chest rise.

The pressure of gas in a full cylinder of oxygen is approximately _______ pounds per square inch (psi). A) 500 B) 1,000 C) 2,000 D) 3,000

C) 2,000

At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to: A) 24%. B) 35%. C) 44%. D) 52%

C) 44%.

With a good mask-to-face seal and an oxygen flow rate of 15 L/min, the nonrebreathing mask is capable of delivering up to ______% inspired oxygen. A) 70 B) 80 C) 90 D) 100

C) 90

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway? A) Larynx B) Pharynx C) Bronchus D) Oropharynx

C) Bronchus

Structures of the lower airway include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) alveoli. B) the trachea. C) the epiglottis. D) bronchioles.

C) the epiglottis.

You are delivering oxygen to a patient with a nasal cannula at 4 L/min when he begins to complain of a burning sensation in his nose. You should: A. remove the nasal cannula. B. apply a nonrebreathing mask. C. attach an oxygen humidifier. D. increase the flow rate to 6 L/min.

C. attach an oxygen humidifier.

In which of the following patients would a nasopharyngeal airway be contraindicated? A.A semiconscious patient with a gag reflex B.An unconscious patient with an intact gag reflex C.A patient who fell 20 feet and landed on his or her head D.An unconscious patient who gags when you insert an oral airway

C.A patient who fell 20 feet and landed on his or her head

In an otherwise healthy individual, the primary stimulus to breathe is a(n): A.increased level of oxygen in the blood. B.decreased level of oxygen in the blood. C.increased level of carbon dioxide in the blood. D.decreased level of carbon dioxide in the blood.

C.increased level of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called: A) ataxic respirations. B) agonal respirations. C) eupneic respirations. D) Cheyne-Stokes respirations.

D) Cheyne-Stokes respirations.

The presence of elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood is called: A) acidosis B) hypoxia C) hypoxemia D) hypercarbia

D) hypercarbia

A patient is found unconscious after falling from a third-floor window. His respirations are slow and irregular. You should: A.place him in the recovery position. B.apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. C.suction his airway for up to 15 seconds. D.assist his breathing with a bag-mask device.

D.assist his breathing with a bag-mask device.

When ventilating an apneic adult with a bag-mask device, you should squeeze the bag: A.until it is empty. B.over a period of 2 seconds. C.at a rate of 20 breaths/min. D.until visible chest rise is noted.

D.until visible chest rise is noted.