EMT Chapter 21 -23 exam

Which of the following is NOT commonly associated with an overdose of a cardiac medication?

Urinary incontinence

_________can cause significant blood loss and lead to hypovolemia.

Vaginal bleeding

In contrast to a behavioral crisis, a psychiatric emergency occurs when a person:

becomes agitated or violent and is a threat to him- or herself or others.

The major side effect associated with administration of activated charcoal is:

black stools

In evaluating a situation that is considered a behavioral emergency, the first things to consider are:

scene safety and patient response

When taking a history on a patient experiencing a gynecologic emergency, you should consider asking all the following EXCEPT:

How many sexual partners have you had in the past?

You are assessing a conscious 55-year-old male with a sudden change in behavior. Which of the following clinical findings would be MOST suggestive of dysfunction of this patient's central nervous system?

Rapid eye movement

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for suicide?

Recent marriage

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding assessment and treatment of a woman who was the victim of sexual assault

You should question the victim thoroughly about the assaulter in case the police missed any details

Which of the following conditions or situations would MOST likely make excited delirium worse?

alcohol withdrawal

Activated charcoal may be indicated for a patient who ingested:

aspirin

Ringing of the ears is associated with an overdose of:

aspirin

Your priority in caring for a patient with a surface contact poisoning is to:

avoid contaminating yourself

Medical problems that may cause the patient to present as intoxicated include all of the following EXCEPT:

diarrhea

Symptoms of ______ appear approximately 2 to 10 days after exposure.

gonorrhea

Localized signs and symptoms of absorbed poisoning include:

burns, irritations of the skin

Each ovary produces an ovum in alternating months and releases it into the:

fallopian tubes

Substance abuse is MOST accurately defined as:

knowingly misusing a substance to produce a desired effect.

Sympathomimetics are CNS stimulants that frequently cause:

tachycardia

When caring for a woman who is experiencing a gynecologic emergency, the EMT's main focus should be to:

maintain her ABCs and transport without delay.

All of the following are examples of a functional disorder EXCEPT:

organic brain syndrome

Which of the following conditions or factors would be the LEAST likely to result in a change in behavior?

Antihypertensive medications

You should request the assistance of a _____ when a mentally impaired patient refuses to go to the hospital

law enforcement officer

Rape is considered a _____ diagnosis, not a medical diagnosis

legal

Signs and symptoms of staphylococcal food poisoning include:

nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs when:

normal bacteria in the vagina are replaced by an overgrowth of other bacterial forms.

Airborne substances should be diluted with:

oxygen

People with _______ may experience symptoms including delusions, hallucinations, a lack of interest in pleasure, and erratic speech.

schizophrenia

Organic brain syndrome may be caused by:

seizure disorders

Inhalant effects range from mild drowsiness to coma, but unlike most other sedative-hypnotics these agents may often cause:

seizures

Activated charcoal is in the form of a(n)

suspension

Medical problems that may cause the patient to present as intoxicated include all of the following, EXCEPT:

syncope

Signs and symptoms of a sympathomimetic drug overdose include:

tachycardia

What does the "PID Shuffle" refer to?

A distinctive gait when the patient walks

lIf an abnormal or disturbing pattern of behavior lasts for at least __________, it is regarded as a matter of concern from a mental health standpoint

1 month

If the patient has a chemical agent in the eyes, you should irrigate the eyes quickly and thoroughly for at least 5 to ____ minutes for acid substances.

10

The onset of menstruation usually occurs between the ages of:

11 and 16 years

The effects of bath salts can last as long as:

48 hours

Which of the following is NOT a part of treatment for patients who have overdosed?

Administer syrup of ipecac

_____is a behavior that is characterized by restlessness and irregular physical activity.

Agitation

Which of the following statements regarding the physical examination of a patient with a behavioral problem is correct?

Although the physical exam can be difficult, the patient's emotional state may be determined by noting facial expressions, pulse rate, and respirations.

Anticholinergic

An agent that blocks parasympathetic nerves

Cholinergic

An agent that overstimulates body functions controlled by the parasympathetic nerves

Which of the following is NOT a narcotic?

Ativan

What you can see of a person's response to the environment; his or her actions

Behavior

____________ is what you can see of a person's response to the environment.

Behavior

Any reaction to events that interferes with activities of daily living or is unacceptable to the patient or others

Behavioral crisis

Dean, a man in his 50s, is acting irrationally. His wife states that he thinks he is the dictator of a small country, and he is wearing nothing but a baseball cap and a belt with a small handgun attached to it. What is your best course of action?

Call for police backup

Which of the following is NOT considered a sign or symptom of alcohol withdrawal?

Chest pain

Condition of impairment in cognitive function that can present with disorientation, hallucinations, or delusions

Delirium

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor to consider when assessing a suicidal patient?

Does the patient appear to be well groomed?

Your paramedic partner administers atropine to a 49-year-old male with bradycardia. Which of the following side effects would you expect the patient to experience?

Dry mucous membranes

________ pregnancy and spontaneous abortion are two conditions that can cause vaginal bleeding in women who do not appear to be pregnant and who may not realize they are pregnant.

Ectopic

Which of the following is NOT considered a possible cause of a psychiatric disorder:

Emotional disturbance

Which of the following is a normal reaction to a crisis situation?

Feeling "blue" after the breakup of a long-term relationship

Psychological disorder that impairs bodily function when the body seems to be structurally normal

Functional Disorder

Painful urination associated with burning and a yellowish discharge is associated with:

Gonorrhea

You have responded to the home of a 26-year-old woman who has reportedly taken a large number of pills in an attempt to commit suicide. As you enter the living room, you see her sleeping in her chair, and several empty alcohol containers are present. She is breathing heavily. You are able to arouse her consciousness for a short period of time. Which course of action takes priority?

Have her take activated charcoal while she is conscious.

Which of the following is NOT typically linked to a psychological or behavioral crisis?

History of smoking

The ingestion of marijuana can lead to a cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, resulting in extreme nausea and vomiting. How are these symptoms typically relieved?

Hot Showers

What is the most common presenting sign or symptom of PID?

Lower abdominal pain (and PID Shuffle)

Which of the following clinical presentations is MOST consistent with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

Lower abdominal pain, fever, general malaise, and foul-smelling vaginal discharge

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Most people with a mental illness are dangerous

Which of the following would NOT provide clues to the nature of the poison?

Open windows

Which of the following statements regarding gonorrhea is correct?

Painful urination is a common symptom of gonorrhea in both men and women.

Illness with psychological or behavioral symptoms that may result in impaired functioning

Psychiatric Disorder

A state of delusion in which the person is out of touch with reality

Psychosis

A patient with a history of schizophrenia called EMS because he was experiencing abdominal pain. When law enforcement arrived, the patient became violent, necessitating the placement of handcuffs. When you assess the patient, he tells you that killing someone will make his abdominal pain go away. His vital signs are stable. How should you manage this situation?

Request a police officer to accompany you in the ambulance

_____ crack produces the most rapid means of absorption and therefore the most potent effect

Smoked

What type of physical activity may be an indicator of risk to the EMT?

Tense muscles

Physical tension is often a warning signal of impending hostility. What sign might warn you of physical tension?

Tension

Which of the following statements regarding injected poisons is FALSE?

They are easily diluted once in the bloodstream

What warning signs can be detected from the scene?

Weapons near the patient

Organic brain syndrome is defined as:

a dysfunction of the brain caused by abnormal physical or physiological function.

Learning to adapt to a variety of situations in daily life, including stresses and strains, is called:

adjustment

A 4-year-old, 15-kg male ingested an unknown quantity of acetaminophen (Tylenol). The child's mother states that she does not know when the ingestion occurred. The child is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. The EMT should:

administer 15g of activated charcoal

Treatment for ingestion of poisonous plants includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

administering activated charcoal

Which of the following is NOT a typical ingested poison

aerosol propellants

Naloxone (Narcan) should only be used in a patient with suspected opiate or opioid overdose who has:

agonal respirations or apnea

In general, injected poisons are impossible to dilute or remove because they:

are usually absorbed quickly into the body.

A 66-year-old male presents with bizarre behavior. His daughter states that he did not seem to recognize her and was very rude to her. The patient is conscious, and has a patent airway and adequate breathing. You should:

ask the daughter how her father normally behaves

You respond to a college campus for a young male who is acting strangely. After law enforcement has secured the scene, you enter the patient's dorm room and find him sitting on the edge of the bed; he appears agitated. As you approach him, you note that he has dried blood around both nostrils. He is breathing adequately, his pulse is rapid and irregular, and his blood pressure is 200/110 mm Hg. Treatment for this patient includes:

attempting to calm him and giving him oxygen if tolerated

The MOST important consideration in caring for a patient who has been exposed to an organophosphate insecticide or some other cholinergic agent is to:

avoid exposure yourself

Left untreated, ____ can lead to premature birth or low birth weight in pregnant women.

bacterial vaginosis

When restraining a patient without the appropriate order, legal actions may involve charges of:

battery

After administering activated charcoal to a patient, it is MOST important to:

be alert for vomiting

When assessing a patient with a behavioral crisis, you should:

be direct and clearly state your intentions.

If the interruption of daily routine tends to recur on a regular basis, the behavior is also considered a ______ crisis

behavioral

General guidelines for managing a patient with a behavioral emergency include:

being prepared to spend extra time with the patient

Chlorine:

causes pulmonary edema

In rare cases, ____ causes arthritis that may be accompanied with skin lesions and inflammation of the eyes and urethra

chlamydia

Inhaled poisons include

chlorine

Often the most important intervention for a sexual assault patient is to _______ and transport to a facility with a staff specially trained to deal with this scenario.

comforting reassurance

Your _____ is the best tool to gain the patient's confidence to seek medical help.

compassion

When assessing the history, all of the following are past behaviors you want to know the patient has exhibited EXCEPT:

cooperative behavior

The single most significant factor that contributes to suicide is:

depression

Safety guidelines for behavioral emergencies include all the following EXCEPT:

determining the underlying psychiatric disorder

In addition to ensuring his or her own safety, the EMT's responsibility when caring for a patient with a behavioral emergency is to:

diffuse and control the situation and safely transport the patient.

When documenting abnormal behavior, it is important to:

document everything that happened on the call

The first step in assessing a patient with a behavioral emergency is to:

ensure your safety

It is important to remember that some chemicals ____ when they come in contact with water.

explode

Make sure to use ___________ when attempting to control vaginal bleeding

external pads

The patient tells you she would really like to be transported to the hospital but refuses a physical examination. You should:

follow your system's refusal of treatment policy and respect the patient's wishes without judgment

You are called to the scene of a possible assault. Upon arrival, you are directed by police to a dark room where you find a 22-year-old woman who says she was sexually assaulted by a coworker this afternoon. The patient tells you that she would really like to be transported to the hospital but refuses a physical examination. You should:

follow your system's refusal of treatment policy and respect the patient's wishes without judgment.

Common names for activated charcoal include all of the following, EXCEPT:

fructose

Whenever possible, a female sexual assault victim should be:

given the option of being treated by a female EMT.

When a woman presents with abdominal pain or other vague symptoms, the EMT is often unable to determine the nature of the problem until he or she:

has gathered patient history information

____ is a highly toxic, colorless, and flammable gas with a distinctive rotten eggs odor

hydrogen sulfide

Signs and symptoms of agitated delirium include all of the following EXCEPT:

hyperventilation

An altered mental status may arise from:

inadequate blood flow to the brain

"Nerve gases" overstimulate normal body functions that are controlled by parasympathetic nerves, causing:

increased salivation

Which of the following is TRUE regarding injected poisons:

injected poisons cannot be diluted

A 25-year-old man overdosed on heroin and is unresponsive. His breathing is slow and shallow and he is bradycardic. He has track marks on both arms. The EMT should:

insert a nasal airway and ventilate with a BVM.

Which of the following is NOT considered a typical route of administration for naloxone

intradermal

The poison control center will be able to provide you with the most information regarding the appropriate treatment for a patient with a drug overdose if the center:

is aware of the substance that is involved

If a woman with vaginal bleeding reports syncope, the EMT should assume that she:

is in shock

People at a higher risk for suicide include all of the following, EXCEPT:

married males older than 30 years

What kind of speech may be an indicator of emotional distress

obscene speech

Before giving activated charcoal, you should:

obtain approval from medical control

A 22-year-old male with a history of clinical depression called 9-1-1 and stated that he has attempted to kill himself. Your unit and law enforcement officers arrive at the scene simultaneously. You find the patient lying supine on the living room floor. He is unresponsive and cyanotic. An empty bottle of hydromorphone (Dilaudid) is found on an adjacent table. You should:

open the patient's airway and assess his respirations

Possible causes of vaginal bleeding include all the following EXCEPT

peptic ulcer

A functional disorder is a:

physiological disorder in the absence of a structural abnormality.

If a patient with vaginal bleeding presents with a rapid pulse and pale or cool skin, you should:

place the patient in a supine position with her legs elevated.

When performing a physical exam on a victim of sexual assault, you should:

place the patient's clothing into a paper bag.

The presence of burning or blistering of the mucous membranes suggests ingestion of

poison

Patients may show agitation or violence or become a threat to themselves or others when they experience a(n) _____ emergency.

psychiatric

EMTS treating a patient of a sexual assault may not only be dealing with medical issues but with _______ as well

psychological

Signs and symptoms of chlorine exposure include all the following EXCEPT:

rales

Immediately after physically restraining a violent patient, the EMT should:

reassess the patient's airway and breathing

A technique used to gain insight into a patient's thinking, which involves repeating in question form what the patient has said, is called:

reflective listening

Treatments for inhaled poisons include:

removing the patient from the exposure

When restraining a patient on a stretcher, it is necessary to constantly reassess the patient's:

respiration and circulation status

Alcohol is a powerful central nervous system depressant. It:

slows reflexes

Characteristics of carbon monoxide include all of the following EXCEPT:

smells like rotten eggs

You are dispatched to a local nursery for a 39-year-old female who is sick. When you arrive, you find the patient lying on the floor. She is semiconscious, has copious amounts of saliva coming from her mouth, and is incontinent of urine. You quickly feel her pulse and note that it is very slow. Immediate management for this patient should include:

thoroughly suctioning her oropharynx

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) typically does NOT affect the:

urinary bladder

Cocaine is called all of the following EXCEPT:

weed