EMT chapter 6

Which set of instructions would you give to a new EMT who is preparing to use a squat lift to raise a patient secured to a​ stretcher? A. ​"Make sure to place your weaker leg slightly​ back." B. ​"Try not to use a power grip when performing the squat​ lift." C. ​"Make sure that you push yourself up with your stronger​ leg." D. ​"Support yourself with your stronger leg and push up with your weaker​ one."

"Make sure that you push yourself up with your stronger​ leg."

You have been charged with writing a policy regarding reaching for equipment. In that​ policy, you indicate that the maximum distance an EMT should reach is no more​ than: A. 30 inches in front of her body B. One​ arm's length in front of her body C. 15 to 20 inches in front of her body D. 10 to 12 inches in front of her body

15 to 20 inches in front of her body

Do NOT attempt to lift or move an object that is located more than how many inches from your​ body? A. 20 B. 24 C. 6 D. 12

20

In preparing the​ schedule, you have been instructed to pair EMTs in a way that decreases the chance of injury when lifting and moving patients. Given this​ directive, who would make the best partner for a tall and very strong​ EMT? A. A short and weaker EMT B. A tall and very strong EMT C. A short and very strong EMT D. A tall and weaker EMT

A tall and very strong EMT

When transferring a patient from a bed to a wheeled​ stretcher, an EMT uses proper body mechanics when he or​ she: A. Keeps his arms locked and the patient away from his body during the transfer B. Primarily uses the muscles of his back to move the patient C. Aligns his​ shoulder, hips, and feet when moving the patient D. Transfers the patient to the stretcher all at​ once, not in stages

Aligns his​ shoulder, hips, and feet when moving the patient

Which patient is appropriately positioned for​ transport? A. A hypotensive​ 48-year-old man in​ Fowler's position B. A​ 23-year-old pregnant woman in a supine position C. An alert​ 67-year-old woman with nausea in a sitting position D. A critically injured​ 18-month-old child in a car seat

An alert​ 67-year-old woman with nausea in a sitting position

You were dispatched to a home​ where, upon​ entering, you note there is smoke in the rear of the building. You will have about 2 to 3 minutes to get an unconscious patient who was on the living room couch out the front door. What type of move will this​ require? A. A nonurgent move will work in this case. B. Get the stair chair and wheel them out. C. An emergency move will be the most appropriate in this case. D. Use an urgent move to get the patient out.

An emergency move will be the most appropriate in this case. Due to the severity of the​ situation, you have a moment to decide how to get the patient out of the house. By the time you go back to the ambulance to get a stair​ chair, it may be too late. Consider an emergency move involving one of the drags to get the patient out of this hostile environment.

Kyphosis is best described​ as: A. A pronounced lateral curvature of the thoracic spine B. An exaggerated forward curvature of the thoracic spine C. The exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine D. A distinct lateral curvature of the cervical spine

An exaggerated forward curvature of the thoracic spine

What muscle groups should NOT be utilized when preparing to lift a heavy patient from the​ ground? A. Back muscles B. Hip muscles C. Leg muscles D. Gluteal muscles

Back muscles

When lifting the stretcher with a patient secured to​ it, the EMT must avoid which​ action? A. Lifting with the thigh muscles B. Maintaining a straight back C. Contracting the abdominal muscles D. Bending over at the waist

Bending over at the waist

The safest and most efficient way of using your body to gain mechanical advantage​ is: A. To reduce the distance an object must be used B. Body mechanics C. To call for backup D. The power lift

Body mechanics

A large patient has been placed on the​ stretcher, and you and your partner are preparing to raise the stretcher using the power lift. Which observation of your partner would cause you to pause the lift to correct his​ technique? A. Both feet are positioned closely together B. His hands are approximately 10 inches apart C. Both feet are turned slightly outward D. Both feet are flat on the ground

Both feet are positioned closely together

How is an isolette placed into the​ ambulance? A. By either lifting it or pushing it up a ramp B. Only by lifting it up and placing it in C. Only by pushing it up a ramp D. An isolette should never be placed in the back of the ambulance.

By either lifting it or pushing it up a ramp

What must always be present among team members to avoid injuries while lifting and moving an obese patient over a long​ distance? A. Camaraderie B. Cohesion C. Communication D. Relationships

Communication

During an EMT​ class, you are helping to teach proper lifting techniques. As you explain this to the​ students, which concept would be considered NOT​ true? A. Contract the abdominal and gluteal muscles. B. Curve your back when you bend over to lift. C. Bend at the​ hips, not the waist. D. Keep your head in a neutral position when lifting.

Curve your back when you bend over to lift.

During transport of a neonate from a small community hospital to a large pediatric​ center, the neonate will likely be transported in what​ device? A. Short backboard B. Car seat C. ​Pedi-Mate restraint system D. Isolette

Isolette

One advantage of using the wheeled stretcher​ is: A. It can be adjusted to different positions or heights B. It cannot become unbalanced on a slope or rough terrain C. It can be safely moved by one EMT with a patient on it D. It rolls smoothly over rough terrain

It can be adjusted to different positions or heights

You are trying to convince the equipment committee to purchase a hydraulic power cot. When discussing advantages of this device over a more traditional​ stretcher, which point would you​ emphasize? A. It will be easier to lift and lower when it is loaded with a patient B. It enables one EMT to safely move the​ stretcher, freeing another for patient care C. It is much​ lighter, more​ durable, and easier to maneuver D. It is considered much safer for transporting a child car seat

It will be easier to lift and lower when it is loaded with a patient

A flexible​ half-board device that is used to help immobilize the spine of an adult patient found in the front seat of a car before extrication is​ a: A. scoop stretcher. B. Reeves stretcher. C. KED. D. ​Pedi-Mate backboard.

KED.

When carrying equipment in the right​ hand, the EMT​ should: A. Keep his or her back straight as best possible B. Tilt his body to the right side C. Lean to the left side for compensation D. Bend backward for counterbalance

Keep his or her back straight as best possible

There are four basic principles of body mechanics. Which of the following properly describes one of these​ principles? A. Keeping the weight of the object as close to the body as possible B. Using the back plus abdominal muscles during the lift C. Lifting the weight all at​ once, not in stages D. Visualizing moving the​ shoulders, hips, and feet separately

Keeping the weight of the object as close to the body as possible Body mechanics are defined as the safest and most efficient methods of using your body to gain a mechanical advantage. They are based on four simple​ principles: Keep the weight of the object as close to the body as​ possible; use the​ leg, hip, and gluteal muscles with the abdominal muscles contracted while moving a heavy​ object; stack the​ shoulders, hips, and​ feet; and reduce the height or distance through which the object must be moved.

What is the MOST important thing you can do to prevent an injury to yourself when moving​ patients? A. Work with a strong partner. B. Let your partner lift the head of the wheeled cot. C. Know your limitations. D. Always call for backup for any patient over 200 pounds.

Know your limitations. Know your own physical abilities and limitations. Do not overestimate yourself or other rescuers. Before​ lifting, know or find out the weight of the patient as well as the weight limitations of the equipment being used. Call for additional help whenever necessary. Even though your first impulse may be to jump in and help the​ patient, you must not proceed until you know that you can do so safely.

When lifting or moving any​ patient, the EMT must remember to primarily use the muscles of his or​ her: A. Arms B. Legs C. Back D. Abdomen

Legs

Too many EMTs are injured in what​ event? A. Poor decision making B. Improper disposal of IV needles C. Lifting patients D. Inadequate rest

Lifting patients

While teaching a continuing education class on the lifting and moving of​ patients, which points would you constantly​ emphasize? A. Lifting a patient or equipment should always occur with the wrists hyperextended B. Keeping the legs straight while lifting any heavy object to the cot or into the ambulance C. Do not rely on equipment to help you​ lift, as the equipment often fails and results in patient injury D. Maintaining a normal inward curve in the lower back while moving patients or equipment

Maintaining a normal inward curve in the lower back while moving patients or equipment

You have been called to assist a pediatric​ physician, a pediatric​ nurse, and a respiratory therapist in the transfer of a​ 2-week-old baby who is very sick. The baby is to be transferred in an isolette to a large metropolitan teaching hospital in a nearby​ city, where specialized care can be provided. The isolette is secured to the​ stretcher, and the stretcher is loaded into the ambulance. The​ physician, nurse, and respiratory therapist will provide all patient care. Prior to departing the​ hospital, it is essential that​ you: A. Advise the family of the​ baby's critical condition B. Make sure the stretcher is secured in the ambulance C. Mix and prepare the medications needed for transport D. Disinfect the outside of the isolette

Make sure the stretcher is secured in the ambulance

For which of the following conditions would a bariatric stretcher be​ indicated? A. Severe burns B. Morbid obesity C. Cervical injury D. Multiple angulated fractures

Morbid obesity With an​ ever-growing overweight​ population, specialized stretchers and other devices have been designed to transport morbidly obese patients. These stretchers and devices are called bariatric devices. Some bariatric stretchers are designed to hold patients up to​ 1,600 pounds in a​ wheels-down position. The stretchers have larger wheels for​ stability, wider cot​ dimensions, and more heavily constructed frames.

What transporting device may the EMT see the neonatal transport team use when transferring a newborn from a small hospital to a larger pediatric​ facility? A. Neonatal car seat B. Neonatal warming pad that is attached to the wheeled cot C. Neonatal isolette D. Pediatric warming backboard

Neonatal isolette You may be required to transport a neonate from one medical facility to another in a neonatal isolette. The isolette is designed to keep the neonate in a warm environment to prevent hypothermia. Isolettes are wheeled devices that engage the typical stretcher mounts in the ambulance. It is important to ensure that the isolette can be properly secured in the ambulance.

After 20 weeks of​ pregnancy, how should the patient be​ positioned? A. Sitting at 30 degrees B. With her feet slightly elevated C. On her left side D. On her right side

On her left side

A large female patient has fallen in a parking lot between two cars. She must be moved on the backboard to the waiting​ stretcher, which is located approximately 200 feet from your location. Four rescuers are present. How would they best be used to promote the safest movement of the​ patient? A. One at the​ head, one at the​ feet, and the other two on opposite sides on the backboard B. The strongest person at the​ head, and the other three at the foot end C. Two at the​ head, two at the​ feet, with all rescuers using their right hand to carry the backboard D. One at the​ head, two at the​ feet, and the fourth to act as a spotter during the move

One at the​ head, one at the​ feet, and the other two on opposite sides on the backboard

Which of the following communication techniques will NOT contribute to the safe and efficient movement of a patient from an upstairs bedroom to the​ ambulance? A. Only call for assistance if you find that you and your partner cannot lift the patient. B. Communicate with your partner about her physical abilities and limitations for lifting and moving patients. C. Check with your partner to ensure that you are using the most appropriate equipment for the job. D. Advise your patient not to reach out and grab anything while being carried.

Only call for assistance if you find that you and your partner cannot lift the patient. The EMTs on scene should take a moment and accurately appraise the​ patient's weight and the capabilities of the first crew on scene prior to lifting the patient. Call for help​ early, not after you learn you cannot move the patient because then you are placing the patient and yourself at greater risk of injury.

Once the patient is stabilized and all interventions have been checked while​ on-scene, the EMT must then do what in order to transport the​ patient? A. Call the medical director to ensure you are allowed to transport the patient to the hospital. B. Package them appropriately. C. Have them walk to the ambulance. D. Provide spinal immobilization.

Package them appropriately.

An EMT is preparing to use the squat lift to move a patient. Which should be included in the​ procedure? A. Use a power grip to obtain maximum force. B. Tighten back and abdominal muscles. C. Straddle the object with feet flat. D. Place the weaker leg slightly forward.

Place the weaker leg slightly forward.

What is the first step of the power​ lift? A. Straddle the object to be lifted. B. Turn your feet slightly outward. C. Place your feet a comfortable distance apart. D. Place your weaker leg slightly forward.

Place your feet a comfortable distance apart.

When an EMT places his palm and all fingers in contact with the object being​ lifted, he is using​ the: A. Lock grip B. Power lift C. Power grip D. Squat grip

Power grip

Which lifting technique offers you the best defense against injury and protects the patient with a safe and stable​ move? A. ​Half-squat lift B. Squat lift C. Leg lift D. Power lift

Power lift The power lift is the technique that offers you the best defense against injury and protects the patient with a safe and stable move.

To improve your physical fitness and decrease the risk of injury when lifting and moving​ patients, you should combine proper body mechanics​ with: A. Vitamin supplements B. Protein drinks C. Caffeine substitutes D. Proper nutrition

Proper nutrition

A small car and a tanker truck loaded with gasoline have collided. The car is lodged under the​ tanker, the car engine is​ smoking, and the threat of fire is significant. After being waved in by the fire​ department, assessment reveals the patient to be unresponsive with a patent​ airway, but breathing with difficulty at 8 times per minute. In caring for this​ patient, your immediate action should be​ to: A. Rapidly extricate the patient and provide care away from the wreckage B. Immediately start positive pressure ventilation and place a vest immobilization device for extrication C. Quickly obtain vital signs and then extricate the patient from the car D. Promptly open the airway and suction prior to moving the patient

Rapidly extricate the patient and provide care away from the wreckage

You are correctly using the blanket drag to move a patient when​ you: A. Place the patient in a blanket and drag him by grasping his forearms B. Place the patient in the blanket in a prone position and drag him toward you C. Secure the patient in a blanket and drag him head first toward you D. Secure the patient in a supine position and drag him feet first along the ground

Secure the patient in a blanket and drag him head first toward you

Which of the following is NOT one of the recommended steps when packaging a patient for​ transport? A. Secure the patient into the device. B. Set the device into the ambulance. C. Carry the device to the ambulance. D. Select the appropriate device.

Set the device into the ambulance. All devices that the patient is secured to for lifting and​ moving, must also be secured into the back of the ambulance. This means either the patient has to be placed on the wheeled cot and it is locked into the ambulance mounting brackets​ system, or the device itself must be locked into the mounting brackets.

Why should multiple EMTs who are attempting to lift and carry a patient first clearly communicate about where to position each person before lifting the​ patient? A. So EMTs with similar height and strength can be matched on either side of the patient B. So the patient knows the EMTs understand what to do C. To match up the newest EMTs together during the lift because they will be the least experienced D. To allow better communication to the patient about what is going to happen

So EMTs with similar height and strength can be matched on either side of the patient

Which lifting technique is used if you have one weak leg or​ ankle? A. Weak leg Lift B. Power lift C. Squat lift D. ​Half-squat lift

Squat lift

You are caring for a male patient who has low blood pressure and tachycardia secondary to GI bleeding. During​ transport, what position would be BEST for the​ patient? A. Supine position B. ​Semi-Fowler's position C. ​Head-down position D. Recovery position

Supine position

A 21-year-old woman is 22 weeks pregnant and fell down a flight of steps. You currently have her fully immobilized. During​ transport, she keeps complaining of dizziness. In what position should you place her to minimize​ this? A. Supine with the legs elevated B. Supine with the backboard tilted to the left C. Supine D. Sitting up

Supine with the backboard tilted to the left A pregnant patient following her 20th week of gestation​ (pregnancy) should be positioned on her left side.

Which position would be most appropriate for an alert and oriented patient complaining of shortness of​ breath? A. Supine with the feet elevated B. Prone C. Left lateral recumbent position D. Supine with the head elevated

Supine with the head elevated

In transitioning a patient from the back of an ambulance to a helicopter for loading and immediate evacuation to the​ hospital, who is ultimately in control of executing this​ procedure? A. The helicopter pilot or flight crew B. The fire chief on scene C. The​ highest-ranking fire officer on scene D. The landing zone coordinator

The helicopter pilot or flight crew The EMS providers should follow the directions of either the pilot​ (who is ultimately in charge of all activities on the scene of a helicopter​ response) or the flight medical crew. Often the process of loading into a helicopter is very different from loading into an​ aircraft, and there are the dynamics of a running helicopter.​ Hence, do not approach the aircraft with the patient until instructed by the pilot or crew. Unless otherwise​ instructed, let the crew assist you in loading the aircraft. Stay well clear of the tail​ rotor, and observe all safety and danger placards. For​ everyone's safety, learn how to approach an aircraft BEFORE an emergency call.

What is one consideration you may have to make when summoning air medical transport in a​ rotary-wing aircraft​ (helicopter)? A. The obese patient on a backboard may not fit. B. Pediatric patients typically cannot be flown in a helicopter. C. A patient with mechanical ventilations should not be flown by helicopter. D. Medical patients cannot be managed in a helicopter.

The obese patient on a backboard may not fit.

What is​ "body mechanics"? A. Research into how to minimize back pain while maximizing the weight that you can lift and carry in an emergency B. The process by which you package the patient and carry him to the ambulance C. The ability to use mechanical lift devices to help you carry heavier loads D. The safest and most efficient methods of using your body to gain a mechanical advantage during lifting

The safest and most efficient methods of using your body to gain a mechanical advantage during lifting

A patient has developed chest pain while working in his basement wood shop. After EMTs have assessed and provided care to the​ patient, the chest pain​ remains, although his vital signs are normal. To get him to the​ ambulance, the EMTs must first go up a short flight of stairs from the basement to the first​ floor, where the front door is located. Which action would be the safest for both the patient and​ crew? A. The patient carefully walks up the stairs under the watchful assistance of the EMTs B. The two EMTs grasp the sides of the portable stretcher and move the patient up the stairs C. The stronger of the EMTs takes the head of the portable​ stretcher, and the EMTs carry the patient up the stairs head first D. The patient is carried up the stairs on the stair chair feet​ first, with the stronger EMT carrying the back of the device

The stronger of the EMTs takes the head of the portable​ stretcher, and the EMTs carry the patient up the stairs head first

What is one design feature of neonatal isolettes that permit them to be transported in the rear of an​ ambulance? A. They are designed to use the oxygen in the back of an ambulance. B. They are designed to engage into the typical stretcher mounts in the ambulance. C. They are designed to be clear so you can see the neonate during transport. D. They are designed to plug into the electrical outlets in the back of an ambulance.

They are designed to engage into the typical stretcher mounts in the ambulance. Remember that the EMT cannot transport any patient that cannot be secured in the ambulance. As​ such, if a neonate is in an​ isolette, the isolette must be securable in the ambulance. Oxygen and electrical​ hook-ups are not an issue as these are standardized across all health care locations.

A patient must be removed immediately from a structure that is on the verge of collapse following an explosion. He is lying on the ground and dressed in shorts and a​ T-shirt. You are by yourself and have no other supplies or equipment. Which type of move would be most appropriate in this​ situation? A. The extremity lift B. The​ armpit-forearm drag C. The blanket drag D. The pants drag

The​ armpit-forearm drag

Why should the EMTs ensure that a patient who suffered a chemical exposure is decontaminated before being flown by a​ helicopter? A. To allow the pilot to contact the Poison Control Center with the most current information possible B. To reduce the likelihood of the patient from sliding off the helicopter cot C. To keep the flight crew from being overcome by fumes D. So that the flight crew can remove the​ patient's clothes and look for injuries

To keep the flight crew from being overcome by fumes

Which of the following must be avoided when​ lifting? A. Twisting B. Use of the large muscles of your legs C. Use of the abdominal muscles D. Communicating while moving the patient

Twisting

Which of the following communication techniques will better improve the quality and safety of a lifting technique using multiple​ EMTs? A. Remain silent during the procedure so as to not scare the patient. B. Use verbal commands that the EMTs would​ know, but not the patient. C. Do not discuss the planned lifting technique with the patient so they are unaware if a mistake was made. D. Use commands easy for the team members to understand.

Use commands easy for the team members to understand. In order for team members to work together​ effectively, they need to communicate throughout all lifting and moving tasks. Use commands that are easy for team members to understand. Verbally coordinate each lift from beginning to end. Good teamwork will also allow you to size up the scene immediately and​ accurately, consider the weight of the​ patient, and recognize whether additional help is needed. Be aware of the physical abilities and limitations of each team​ member, and select the most appropriate equipment for the job.

When reaching forward to perform a​ logroll, the EMT​ should: A. Use the shoulder muscles B. Keep the back flexed C. Lean from the waist D. Reach no more than 30 inches

Use the shoulder muscles

Generally​ speaking, what is the best way to move a patient from one point to​ another? A. By using an emergency move with at least 2 EMTs B. Whatever is easiest to prevent injury to the EMT C. By carrying the patient manually rather than using equipment to assist in the process D. By having the​ on-scene fire department do the heavy lifting and moving at all times

Whatever is easiest to prevent injury to the EMT The best way to move a patient in any circumstance is generally the easiest way that will not cause injury or pain to your patient or to yourself. Let your equipment do the work whenever possible. If you must​ lift, do it with a device that is designed for that​ purpose, if possible. As a​ rule, get as much help as you can to carry patients and equipment. Never risk falling or injuring​ yourself, and always follow the rules of body mechanics.

You are at the scene of a motorcycle accident on a rural road. The EMS captain has set up a landing zone and the local helicopter EMS agency has just​ landed; the aircraft is still running with both rotors turning. Which observation would cause you to take immediate​ action? A. You see a new EMT start walking toward the aircraft as if he is going to open a door B. The patient was removed from the ambulance on the wheeled cot in anticipation of the flight crew arrival C. The EMTs who will be helping to transfer the patient to the aircraft are removing their hats and sunglasses D. The flight crew has exited the aircraft and are walking toward you while the main and tail rotor blades of the aircraft are still rotating

You see a new EMT start walking toward the aircraft as if he is going to open a door

Which of the following is the correct description of the​ "power grip"? A. One palm is facing upward and one palm is facing downward when gripping an object. B. Your palm and fingers are in complete contact with the object and all fingers are bent at the same angle. C. The elbows are held outward slightly during the lift. D. Both hands are facing downward when gripping an object.

Your palm and fingers are in complete contact with the object and all fingers are bent at the same angle. In a power​ grip, your fingers should come into complete contact with the​ object, and all fingers should be bent at the same angle. This gives you the maximum force that your hands can generate in grasping and holding the object.

Which of the following represents a good posture while​ standing? A. Your​ shoulders, knees, and feet should be in vertical alignment. B. Your​ head, neck, and pelvis should be in vertical alignment. C. Your​ ears, shoulders and hips should be in vertical alignment. D. Your​ ears, shoulders, and knees should be in vertical alignment.

Your​ ears, shoulders and hips should be in vertical alignment. Be aware of your posture. While you are​ standing, your​ ears, shoulders, and hips should be in vertical​ alignment, with knees slightly bent and pelvis slightly tucked forward. In the proper sitting​ position, your weight should be evenly distributed on both ischia​ (lower portion of the pelvic​ bones), with your​ ears, shoulders, and hips in vertical​ alignment, and your feet should be flat on the floor or crossed at your ankles. If​ possible, your lower back should be in contact with the support of the chair.

Application of the study of muscles and body movement (kinesiology) to the use of the body and to the prevention and correction of problems related to posture and lifting.

body mechanics

Using the safest and most efficient methods of using your body to gain a mechanical advantage is called A. body mechanics. B. safe lifting. C. complex machines. D. simple machines.

body mechanics.

An efficient and common way of transferring a patient from your wheeled stretcher to a hospital bed is called​ the: A. extremity lift. B. direct carry method. C. direct ground lift. D. draw sheet method.

draw sheet method. Another way of transferring a supine patient from a bed to a wheeled stretcher or from any​ patient-carrying device to another is the draw sheet method.. The direct​ carry, ground​ lift, and extremity lift could​ work, but they would create more stress on the body and would likely be a more difficult maneuver for this purpose.

A patient move that should be performed when there is immediate danger to the patient or to the rescuer.

emergency move

Fire and exposure to explosives or other hazardous materials are examples of immediate dangers that would warrant​ a(n): A. rapid move such as the FAST maneuver. B. abbreviated move such as a​ two-person ground lift. C. urgent move such as rapid extrication. D. emergency move such as a shirt drag.

emergency move such as a shirt drag.

Short backboards are usually used​ to: A. immobilize sitting patients before moving them. B. secure patients with possible spinal injuries but without neurological deficits. C. assist in lifting patients up steep terrain. D. immobilize the entire body of supine patients before transport.

immobilize sitting patients before moving them.

Infants and toddlers who are NOT critically injured should​ be: A. secured and wrapped in a​ vest-type immobilization device. B. seated on the squad bench in a seat belt. C. immobilized to a short backboard. D. in an infant car seat.

in an infant car seat.

As an EMT looking to improve your personal wellness and​ fitness, it is important to focus​ on: A. watching more TV and playing more video games. B. increasing the amount of exercise you get in your​ day, and follow good posture techniques. C. considering taking medication to help manage stressful times. D. increasing coffee and tea intake.

increasing the amount of exercise you get in your​ day, and follow good posture techniques.

Abnormal curvature of the spine with convexity backward. Also called slouch.

kyphosis

Maintaining physical fitness and use of proper lifting and moving techniques by EMTs is of utmost importance​ because: A. you will have to call for a lift assist more times than appropriate. B. lifting and moving patients is one skill that is done on almost every patient. C. you should always make sure you are the strongest one between you and your partner. D. if you drop a​ patient, you will be sued.

lifting and moving patients is one skill that is done on almost every patient. A key skill that you will perform with almost every patient contact is the lifting​ and/or moving of a patient from where he is to your​ cot, then to the​ ambulance, and eventually to the hospital cot.​ Unfortunately, too many EMTs are injured every year because they attempt to lift patients or equipment improperly. Maintaining physical fitness and the knowledge and use of proper body mechanics are a necessary foundation for your​ health, longevity, and effectiveness as an EMT.

Abnormal anterior convexity of the spine. Also called swayback.

lordosis

The posture abnormality described as the stomach being to anterior and the buttocks too posterior​ is: A. lordosis. B. kinesiosis. C. kyphosis. D. slouch.

lordosis. One extreme of poor posture is the​ swayback, or excessive lordosis. In this​ posture, the stomach is too anterior and the buttocks are too​ posterior, causing excessive stress on the lumbar region of the back. Another extreme is the​ "slouch," or excessive kyphosis. In this​ posture, the shoulders are rolled​ forward, which results in fatigue of the lower back and increases pressure on every region of the spine. Kinesiosis is a fictitious term.

A posture where the stomach is too anterior and the buttocks are too posterior is called A. archback. B. kyphosis. C. slouch. D. lordosis.

lordosis. One extreme of poor posture is the​ swayback, or excessive lordosis. In this​ posture, the stomach is too anterior and the buttocks are too​ posterior, causing excessive stress on the lumbar region of the back. Another extreme is the​ slouch, or excessive kyphosis. In this​ posture, the shoulders are rolled​ forward, which results in fatigue of the lower back and increases pressure on every region of the spine Slouch is a slang​ term, not a medical​ term, and archback is a descriptive​ (but fictitious) term.

A patient move made when no immediate threat to life exists.

nonurgent move

Lifting and moving patients when there is NO immediate threat to life are​ called: A. nonurgent moves. B. urgent moves. C. emergency moves. D. none of the above.

nonurgent moves. There are three categories of patient​ moves: an emergency​ move, an urgent​ move, and a nonurgent move. In​ general, an emergency move should be performed when there is immediate danger to the patient or to the rescuer. An urgent move is performed when the patient is suffering an immediate threat to life and must be moved quickly and transported for care.​ Finally, a nonurgent move is one in which no immediate threat to life exists and the patient can be moved in a normal manner when ready for transport.

If you expect rough transport while using a basket​ stretcher, the patient should be secured with A. tape. B. seat belts. C. nylon webbing. D. straps.

nylon webbing. If you anticipate especially rough​ transport, pad the edges of the​ patient's body with rolled blankets and strap him securely into place with nylon webbing.

General guidelines for lifting include all of the​ following, EXCEPT: A. communicate clearly and frequently. B. position your feet approximately 6 inches apart. C. know your own physical limitations. D. consider the size and weight of the patient.

position your feet approximately 6 inches apart. Your feet should be positioned a comfortable distance apart. For an​ average-sized person, this is usually shoulder​ width, so six 6 inches would not be an appropriate answer. When performing a lifting​ maneuver, use of the​ "power lift" provides the best defense against injury and protects the patient with a safe and stable move. It also is a useful technique for rescuers with weak knees or thighs. In performing this​ technique, keep your back locked and avoid bending at the waist.

Recommended gripping technique. The palm and fingers come in complete contact with the object and all fingers are bent at the same angle.

power grip

Recommended technique for lifting. Feet are apart, knees bent, back and abdominal muscles tightened, back as straight as possible, lifting force driven through heels and arches, upper body rising before hips.

power lift

When lifting a​ patient-carrying device, the minimum number of rescuers used should​ be: A. two. B. one. C. four. D. three.

two. There should be at least two EMTs lifting any device that is used for patient movement. Consider the use of more people if the patient is​ obese, or if there are obstacles to navigate such as​ stairs, snow, or uneven ground.

A patient move made because there is an immediate threat to life because of the patient's condition and the patient must be moved quickly for transport.

urgent move

Situations in which urgent moves are necessary include each of the​ following, EXCEPT: A. major bleeding. B. airway compromise. C. you have another call holding. D. altered mental status.

you have another call holding. Urgent moves are required when a patient must be moved quickly for treatment of an immediate threat to​ life, such as an airway​ compromise, major​ bleeding, or an altered mental status. Call holding is not a reason to rush the care of this patient.

After providing spinal motion restriction to an elderly female patient who fell in her​ bathroom, you prepare to carry her down a flight of stairs on a backboard. Which verbal instructions would be most appropriate to give to your​ partner? A. ​"I can take the head if you want the foot​ end, and then we will carry her down the stairs feet​ first." B. ​"Let's have the patient hold onto the stair railing to prevent the board from getting off​ balance." C. ​"Make sure to hold the board 6 inches from your body so that you get maximum​ stabilization." D. ​"It is best if we do not talk so that we can concentrate on safely moving her down the​ stairs."

​"I can take the head if you want the foot​ end, and then we will carry her down the stairs feet​ first."

You and your partner have just been dispatched to the local​ children's hospital to pick up the neonatal transport team and the neonatal isolette so that you can transport them to a small community hospital 2 hours away and retrieve a neonate who is in distress. While driving to the​ children's hospital, which statement from your partner demonstrates he understands how to transport a patient with in an​ isolette? A. ​"If you are the one in the back with the transport team on our way back to the​ children's hospital with the​ patient, make sure you turn the heat up to the highest level so the neonate stays​ warm." B. ​"I hate taking these types of transports because it is so boring having to sit in the front of the​ ambulance." C. ​"Once we get to the​ children's hospital, I will remove the wheeled cot so we can load the neonatal​ isolette." D. ​"I realize that if​ I'm driving to the community​ hospital, I will not use the lights and​ sirens."

​"Once we get to the​ children's hospital, I will remove the wheeled cot so we can load the neonatal​ isolette."

You and your partner are preparing to move a trauma patient down a flight of stairs using a portable stretcher. As you begin the​ move, a third EMT shows up and asks to help. Which instructions would be most appropriate to ensure a safe move for both the patient and​ crew? A. ​"Please stand behind the EMT at the foot end and count steps for​ her." B. ​"Come up and help me with the head​ end, since most of the weight is​ here." C. ​"You can help by grasping the right side of the stretcher to keep it​ balanced." D. ​"Stand behind us at the top of the stairs and let us know if you see any​ obstacles."

​"Please stand behind the EMT at the foot end and count steps for​ her."

You and two other EMTs are preparing to move a patient down several flights of stairs using a stair chair. After assigning one rescuer to hold the chair at the head and another to hold the chair at the foot facing the​ patient, you​ should: A. Assist the EMT at the​ patient's head B. Direct movement from behind the EMT at the head C. Assist the EMT at the​ patient's feet D. ​"Spot" by standing behind the EMT at the feet

​"Spot" by standing behind the EMT at the feet

Your coworkers would like to purchase a scoop​ (orthopedic) stretcher with some grant money. Before the purchase can be​ authorized, you have been asked to inform the purchasing committee of how this piece of equipment will benefit the service as well as enhance patient care. Your response would​ be: A. ​"The scoop stretcher is much more comfortable than a wheeled​ stretcher." B. ​"The scoop stretcher does not require straps to secure the​ patient." C. ​"The scoop stretcher is good for moving patients from confined​ areas." D. ​"The scoop stretcher is considered the best device for patients with a possible spinal​ injury."

​"The scoop stretcher is good for moving patients from confined​ areas."

An obese patient cannot ambulate and must be carried down several flights of stairs. Carrying the patient alone exceeds your physical​ capabilities; however, your partner is very strong and physically fit. Which​ statement, made by​ you, indicates the best means to safely lift and move the patient as well as minimize the likelihood of either of you suffering an​ injury? A. ​"We must call for assistance to get the patient from this​ location." B. ​"When we move​ him, let's go slowly down the​ stairs." C. ​"As long as I lean backward when moving​ him, we will be​ okay." D. ​"When we go down the​ steps, you take the​ 'head' end and​ I'll carry the legs and go down the steps​ first."

​"We must call for assistance to get the patient from this​ location."

You are caring for a young male patient who has overdosed on an unknown medication and has a decreased level of consciousness. When positioning the patient on the​ stretcher, which instructions will you give to the Emergency Medical Responders assisting​ you? A. ​"Place him in a supine position and then carefully elevate his​ feet." B. ​"When you move him to the​ stretcher, put him on his left​ side." C. ​"When you put him on the​ stretcher, elevate his head and​ chest." D. ​"He will need to be positioned flat on his back when on the​ stretcher."

​"When you move him to the​ stretcher, put him on his left​ side."

You have been asked to present a continuing education session on body mechanics and posture. In your​ presentation, you would advise the participants that proper posture is achieved when​ your: A. ​Ears, shoulders, and hips are vertically aligned when standing B. ​Ears, shoulders, and feet are vertically aligned when sitting C. Body weight is evenly distributed over the thoracic spine when sitting D. Abdomen and buttocks are positioned slightly to the posterior when standing

​Ears, shoulders, and hips are vertically aligned when standing

A patient has fallen in his upstairs bathroom and is lying on the floor. Assessment indicates no life threats to the​ airway, breathing, or​ circulation; however, the patient does have​ pain, deformity, and bruising to his right hip. In this​ situation, the EMT should recognize the need for which type of​ move? A. Passive B. Urgent C. ​Non-urgent D. Emergency

​Non-urgent

Proper sitting posture​ includes: A. one foot flat on the floor while the other is resting on a chair leg. B. pelvis slightly tucked backward. C. ​ears, shoulders, and hips in vertical alignment. D. weight slightly more on one ischia then the​ other, periodically shifting.

​ears, shoulders, and hips in vertical alignment.

Which of the following is TRUE when positioning a patient for​ transport? A. A patient in shock should be placed in the​ Fowler's position. B. An unresponsive patient without​ head, neck, or spinal injury should be placed in the left lateral recumbent position. C. A pregnant patient in her third trimester should be transported face​ down, on her elbows and​ knees, to slow the delivery until arrival at the hospital. D. A patient with respiratory distress should be placed​ supine, with feet slightly raised.

An unresponsive patient without​ head, neck, or spinal injury should be placed in the left lateral recumbent position. An unresponsive patient with no suspected​ head, neck, or spinal injury should be placed in a left lateral recumbent position​ (coma or recovery​ position) to face the rescuer once in the ambulance. This position aids in draining fluids or vomitus from the mouth and helps to prevent aspiration into the lungs. A dyspneic patient should be placed in​ Fowler's position, shock patients are typically​ supine, and a pregnant woman in the third trimester should be transported supine and tilted to the left.

A patient involved in a motor vehicle collision has critical injuries and must be removed from the car for care and transport to the hospital. Prior to removing the patient from the​ vehicle, what must be​ done? A. Application of a​ vest-type immobilization device B. Application of a cervical collar C. Completion of the primary assessment and vital signs D. Completion of the primary and secondary exams

Application of a cervical collar

How many people should be used to load a patient into a helicopter while it is on the ground​ running? A. Four B. Two C. Six D. As few as possible to safely complete the procedure

As few as possible to safely complete the procedure When loading a patient into a​ helicopter, minimize the number of people under the rotors at all times. Refer to local protocols and air transportation companies for further guidelines.

Which one of the following is considered a nonurgent​ move? A. ​Fireman's carry B. Underarm drag C. Draw sheet D. ​Armpit-forearm drag

Draw sheet

An elderly patient is being cared for at home by family members and lies in a​ hospital-type bed in the living room. After providing necessary​ care, you prepare to move her from the bed to the stretcher. There is no mechanism that suggests a​ head, neck, or spinal injury. Which method would be most appropriate in this​ situation? A. Extremity lift B. Draw sheet method C. Direct carry method D. Direct lift

Draw sheet method

You are confronted with a situation where your BEST option to move the patient will be to quickly use a blanket​ drag, shirt​ drag, or​ armpit-forearm drag. What are these maneuvers referred to​ as? A. Direct ground moves B. Emergency moves C. Nonurgent moves D. Urgent moves

Emergency moves Emergency moves consist of the blanket​ drag, the shirt​ drag, and the​ armpit-forearm drag. Perform an emergency move only when no other options are available. In​ general, an emergency move should be performed when there is immediate danger to the patient or to the rescuer. Examples of this would​ be: fire,​ smoke, collapse,​ gunfire, etc.

How many basic principles are included when discussing body​ mechanics? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. One

Four There are four principals of safe body​ mechanics: Keep the weight of the object as close to the body as​ possible; use the​ leg, hip, and gluteal muscles with the abdominal muscles contracted while moving a heavy​ object; stack the​ shoulders, hips, and​ feet; and reduce the height or distance through which the object must be moved.

You are treating a patient who fell to the ground after being struck in the head by a falling brick during a minor earthquake. You are just starting to log roll the patient onto a backboard when the ground begins shaking again. What do you​ do? A. Calmly reassure the patient and shield the​ patient's body with your own. B. Leave the patient and rapidly move out of the area to prevent yourself from being the next victim. C. Quickly finish immobilizing the​ patient's spine and remove the patient from the scene. D. Grab the​ patient's shirt at the shoulders and drag the patient away from the area.

Grab the​ patient's shirt at the shoulders and drag the patient away from the area.

When​ lifting, the emergency medical technician​ (EMT) should keep the weight of the object as A. close to the body as possible. B. high as possible. C. low as possible. D. far from the body as possible.

close to the body as possible.