EMT Chapter 7: Life Span Development

Reflex that occurs when something touches the infant's cheek, and the infant turns toward the touch

Rooting Reflex

blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because:

A type of reasoning in which the a child looks for approval from peers or society

Conventional Reasoning

50%

Kidney function declines by _________________ between the ages of 20 and 90 years.

barotrauma

An infant's lungs are fragile, and providing bag-valve mask ventilations that are too forceful can result in trauma from pressure, or __________.

A bond in which the infant is repeatedly rejected and develops an isolated lifestyle.

Anxious-avoidant Attachment

10 to 18 months

At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children?

the blockage of a coronary artery

Atherosclerosis is defined as ________.

An infant reflex in which the infant opens his or her arms wide, spreads the fingers, and seems to grab at something when startled

Moro Reflex

take multiple medications

Older adults frequently ___________.

increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an:

A type of reasoning in which the child bases decisions on the conscience

Post-Conventional reasoning

A bond between infant and parents in which the infant understands that the parents will be responsive to the infants needs

Secure Attachment

normal

The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is ________.

shrinkage of the brain.

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to:

age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears.

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that:

Places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up

Which of the following are noticeable characteristics of a 9-month-old infant?

The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex?

Increased weight

Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs?

Secondary sexual development begins.

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group?

An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's.

Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct?

inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should:

90 and 140 mm Hg.

A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between:

mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death.

According to the terminal drop hypothesis:

a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.

Age-related changes in the renal system result in:

mental

Among elderly persons, ________ function in the 5 years preceding death is presumed to decline.

the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible.

An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because:

18 months

By ______ to 24 months, toddlers begin to understand cause and effect.

1-3 years.

Children of which age group are considered toddlers?

increases

Diastolic blood pressure tends to _______________ with age.

increased surface area available for air exchange.

Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient include all of the following, EXCEPT:

increases, which hampers diffusion of gases because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli.

In late adults, the amount of air left in the lungs after expiration of the maximum amount of air:

act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

In preconventional reasoning, children:

90 to 150

In toddlers, the pulse rate is __________ beats/min.

9 and 18 months.

The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of:

fontanelles.

The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called ________.

70 beats/min

The average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 60 years of age is typically:

atherosclerosis.

The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is MOST often related to:

19 and 25 years.

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of:

Sleeps through the night; recognizes family members

What are the characteristics of a five month old infant?

Reaches out to people; drools

What are the characteristics of a four month old infant?

afraid of strangers; mood swings

What are the characteristics of a seven month old infant?

Teething begins; sits upright; speaks one syllable words

What are the characteristics of a six month old infant?

responds to name; crawls eficiently

What are the characteristics of a ten month old infant?

Brings objects to mouth; smiles and frowns

What are the characteristics of a three month old infant?

Recognizes familiar faces; tracks objects with eyes

What are the characteristics of a two month old infant?

responds to no; plays peek a boo; can sit alone

What are the characteristics of an eight month old infant?

starts to walk without help; frustrated with restrictions

What are the characteristics of an eleven month old infant?

80-140 beats 20-25 breaths 80-100 pressure

What are the vital signs of a preschool age child?

70-120 beats 15-20 breaths 80-110 pressure

What are the vital signs of a school age child?

90-150 beats 20-30 breaths 70-95 pressure

What are the vital signs of a toddler?

60-100 beats 12-20 breaths 90-110 pressure

What are the vital signs of an adolescent?

60-100 beats 12-20 breaths 90-140 pressure

What are the vital signs of an adult?

25-50 breaths 100-160 beats 70-95 pressure

What are the vital signs of an infant?

The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration

What is "vital capacity"?

12-20 breaths/min

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?

They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns?

Decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production

Why does the incidence of diabetes mellitus increase with age?

early adulthood.

Work, family, and stress best describe the life stage known as:

responds to her name but is fearful of your presence.

You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will MOST likely find that she:

most likely above 90 beats/min.

You are dispatched to a public park in the middle of a sprawling subdivision for an arm injury. You arrive to find a crying 5-year-old boy cradling his swollen and deformed left forearm. His friends tell you that he was holding onto the bars of the play structure and that his arm "snapped" when he jumped into the sand below. You would expect this boy's pulse to be: