Endocrine Exam Review

A patient hospitalized with hypoparathyroidism is about to order lunch. Which food selection is best for this patient based on their dietary needs at this time?* A. Baked chicken, green beans, and boiled potatoes B. Broccoli salad, cottage cheese, and peaches C. Roast beef, carrots, and pinto beans D. Hamburger, fries, and sorbet

B. Broccoli salad, cottage cheese, and peaches

nurse caring for a patient with diabetes insipidus is reviewing laboratory results. What is an expected urinalysis finding? A) Glucose in the urine B) Albumin in the urine C) Highly dilute urine D) Leukocytes in the urine

C) Highly dilute urine

The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of Addison's disease. What sign or symptom is most closely associated with this health problem? A) Truncal obesity B) Hypertension C) Muscle weakness D) Moon face

C) Muscle weakness

A patient is prescribed corticosteroid therapy. What would be priority information for the nurse to give the patient who is prescribed long-term corticosteroid therapy? A) The patients diet should be low protein with ample fat. B) The patient may experience short-term changes in cognition. C) The patient is at an increased risk for developing infection. D) The patient is at a decreased risk for development of thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism.

C) The patient is at an increased risk for developing infection.

A patient is found to have a blood glucose of 375 mg/dL, positive ketones in the urine, and blood pH of 7.25. Which condition is this? A. DKA B. HHNS

A. DKA

A client has just been admitted with a diagnosis of myxedema coma. If all of the following interventions were prescribed, the nurse would place highest priority on completing which of the following first? 1. Administering oxygen 2. Administering thyroid hormone 3. Warming the client 4. Giving fluid replacement

1. Administering oxygen

A nurse is collecting data on a client with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Which of these behaviors, if present in the client's history, would the nurse determine as being likely related to the manifestations of this disorder? 1. Depression 2. Nervousness 3. Irritability 4. Anxiety

1. Depression

A nurse is reviewing a plan of care for a client with Addison's disease. The nurse notes that the client is at risk for dehydration and suggests nursing interventions that will prevent this occurrence. Which nursing intervention is an appropriate component of the plan of care? Select all that apply. 1. Encouraging fluid intake of at least 3000 mL/day 2. Encouraging an intake of low-protein foods 3. Monitoring for changes in mental status 4. Monitoring intake and output 5. Maintaining a low-sodium diet

1. Encouraging fluid intake of at least 3000 mL/day 3. Monitoring for changes in mental status 4. Monitoring intake and output

A client with Addison's disease asks the nurse how a newly prescribed medication, fludrocortisone acetate (Florinef), will improve the condition. When formulating a response, the nurse should incorporate that a key action of this medication is to: 1. Help restore electrolyte balance. 2. Make the body produce more cortisol. 3. Replace insufficient circulating estrogens. 4. Alter the body's immune system functioning.

1. Help restore electrolyte balance.

A nurse notes in the medical record that a client with Cushing's syndrome is experiencing fluid overload. Which interventions should be included in the plan of care? Select all that apply. 1. Monitoring daily weight 2. Monitoring intake and output 3. Maintaining a low-potassium diet 4. Monitoring extremities for edema 5. Maintaining a low-sodium diet

1. Monitoring daily weight 2. Monitoring intake and output 4. Monitoring extremities for edema 5. Maintaining a low-sodium diet

A client with carcinoma of the lung develops the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone(SIADH) as a complication of the cancer. The nurse anticipates that which of the following may be prescribed? Select all that apply. 1. Radiation 2. Chemotherapy 3. Increased fluid intake 4. Serum sodium blood levels 5. Decreased oral sodium intake 6. Medication that is antagonistic to antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

1. Radiation 2. Chemotherapy 4. Serum sodium blood levels 6. Medication that is antagonistic to antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A health care provider has prescribed propylthiouracil (PTU) for a client with hyperthyroidism, and the nurse assists in developing a plan of care for the client. A priority nursing measure to be included in the plan regarding this medication is to monitor the client for: 1. Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism 2. Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia 3. Relief of pain 4. Signs of renal toxicity

1. Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism

A client has a disorder of the pancreas. The nurse recognizes that which of the following hormones may be affected as a result? Select all that apply. 1. Somatostatin 2. Glucagon 3. Aldosterone 4. Insulin 5. Epinephrine

1. Somatostatin 2. Glucagon 4. Insulin

Which of the following hormones would the nurse identify as being secreted by the thyroid gland? 1. Thyroxine 2. Parathormone 3. Somatotropin 4. Thymosin

1. Thyroxine

A nurse is monitoring a client following a thyroidectomy for signs of hypocalcemia. Which of the following signs, if noted in the client, likely indicates the presence of hypocalcemia? 1. Tingling around the mouth 2. Negative Chvostek's sign 3. Flaccid paralysis 4. Bradycardia

1. Tingling around the mouth

A nursing instructor asks a student to describe the pathophysiology that occurs in Cushing's disease. Which statement by the student indicates an accurate understanding of this disorder? 1. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an oversecretion of insulin." 2. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an oversecretion of glucocorticoid hormones." 3. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an undersecretion of corticotropic hormones." 4. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an undersecretion of glucocorticoid hormones."

2. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an oversecretion of glucocorticoid hormones."

A nurse is caring for a client with Addison's disease. The nurse checks the vital signs and determines that the client has orthostatic hypotension. The nurse determines that this finding relates to which of the following? 1. A decrease in cortisol release 2. A decreased secretion of aldosterone 3. An increase in epinephrine secretion 4. Increased levels of androgens

2. A decreased secretion of aldosterone

A nurse is monitoring a client with Graves' disease for signs of thyrotoxic crisis (thyroid storm). Which of the following signs and symptoms, if noted in the client, will alert the nurse to the presence of this crisis? Select all that apply. 1. Bradycardia 2. Fever 3. Sweating 4. Agitation 5. Pallor

2. Fever 3. Sweating 4. Agitation

A nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy and monitoring for signs of thyroid storm. The nurse understands that which of the following is a manifestation associated with this disorder? 1. Bradycardia 2. Hypotension 3. Constipation 4. Hypothermia

2. Hypotension

A nurse is caring for a client following an adrenalectomy and is monitoring for signs of adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following, if noted in the client, indicates signs and symptoms related to adrenal insufficiency? Select all that apply. 1. Double vision 2. Hypotension 3. Mental status changes 4. Weakness 5. Fever

2. Hypotension 3. Mental status changes 4. Weakness 5. Fever

What would the nurse anticipate being included in the plan of care for a client who has been diagnosed with Graves' disease? 1. Provide a high-fiber diet. 2. Provide a restful environment. 3. Provide three small meals per day. 4. Provide the client with extra blankets.

2. Provide a restful environment.

When caring for a client who is having clear drainage from his nares after transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, which action by the nurse is appropriate? 1. Lower the head of the bed. 2. Test the drainage for glucose. 3. Obtain a culture of the drainage. 4. Continue to observe the drainage.

2. Test the drainage for glucose.

During a follow-up visit to the physician, a client with hyperparathyroidism asks the nurse to explain the physiology of the parathyroid glands. The nurse states that these glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH maintains the balance between calcium and: 1. magnesium. 2. phosphorus. 3. sodium. 4. potassium.

2. phosphorus

When caring for a client with diabetes insipidus, the nurse expects to administer: 1. furosemide (Lasix) 2. vasopressin (Pitressin) 3. 10% dextrose 4. regular insulin.

2. vasopressin (Pitressin)

A nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate is prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed to: 1. Treat thyroid storm. 2. Prevent cardiac irritability. 3. Treat hypocalcemic tetany. 4. Stimulate the release of parathyroid hormone.

3 - Treat hypocalcemic tetany.

A nurse is preparing to provide instructions to a client with Addison's disease regarding diet therapy. The nurse understands that which of the following diets would likely be prescribed for this client? 1. Low-protein diet 2. Low-sodium diet 3. High-sodium diet 4. Low-carbohydrate diet

3. High-sodium diet

A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client? 1. Calcium chloride 2. Calcium gluconate 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) 4. Large doses of vitamin D

3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)

A nurse would expect to note which interventions in the plan of care for a client with hypothyroidism? Select all that apply. 1. Provide a cool environment for the client. 2. Instruct the client to consume a high-fat diet. 3. Instruct the client about thyroid replacement therapy. 4. Encourage the client to consume fluids and high-fiber foods in the diet. 5. Instruct the client to contact the health care provider if episodes of chest pain occur. 6. Inform the client that iodine preparations will be prescribed to treat the disorder.

3. Instruct the client about thyroid replacement therapy. 4. Encourage the client to consume fluids and high-fiber foods in the diet. 5. Instruct the client to contact the health care provider if episodes of chest pain occur.

A client with newly diagnosed Cushing's syndrome expresses concern about personal appearance, specifically about the "buffalo hump" that has developed at the base of the neck. When counseling the client about this manifestation, the nurse should incorporate the knowledge that: 1. This is a permanent feature. 2. It can be minimized by wearing tight clothing. 3. It may slowly improve with treatment of the disorder. 4. It will quickly disappear once medication therapy is started.

3. It may slowly improve with treatment of the disorder.

Which nursing action would be appropriate to implement when a client has a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma? 1. Weigh the client. 2. Test the client's urine for glucose. 3. Monitor the client's blood pressure. 4. Palpate the client's skin to determine warmth.

3. Monitor the client's blood pressure.

The nurse caring for a client who has had a subtotal thyroidectomy reviews the plan of care and determines which problem is the priority for this client in the immediate postoperative period? 1. Dehydration 2. Infection 3. Urinary retention 4. Bleeding

4. Bleeding

The nurse would monitor for which of the following adverse changes in the patient's laboratory values as a result of being treated with dexamethasone (Decadron)? 1. Sodium 130 mEq/L 2. Calcium 8.2 mg/dl 3. Potassium 4.9 mEq/L 4. Blood glucose 162 mg/dl

4. Blood glucose 162 mg/dl- Hyperglycemia or increased blood glucose level is an adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy.

A nurse is caring for a postoperative adrenalectomy client. Which of the following does the nurse specifically monitor for in this client? 1. Peripheral edema 2. Bilateral exophthalmos 3. Signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia 4. Signs and symptoms of hypovolemia

4. Signs and symptoms of hypovolemia

Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to note when assessing a client with Addison's disease? 1. Edema 2. Obesity 3. Hirsutism 4. Hypotension

4. Hypotension

A client is receiving long-term treatment with high-dose corticosteroids. Which of the following would the nurse expect the client to exhibit? 1. Weight loss 2. Pale thick skin 3. Hypotension 4. Moon face

4. Moon Face (Cushing's Syndrome)

A nurse is caring for a client experiencing thyroid storm. Which of the following would be a priority concern for this client? 1. Inability to cope with the treatment plan 2. Lack of sexual drive 3. Self-consciousness about body appearance 4. Potential for cardiac disturbances

4. Potential for cardiac disturbances

A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis and documents that the client is experiencing Kussmaul's respirations. Based on this documentation, which of the following did the nurse most likely observe? 1. Respirations that cease for several seconds 2. Respirations that are regular but abnormally slow 3. Respirations that are labored and increased in depth and rate 4. Respirations that are abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate

4. Respirations that are abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate

is caring for a patient diagnosed with hypothyroidism secondary to Hashimoto's thyroiditis. When assessing this patient, what sign or symptom would the nurse expect? A) Fatigue B) Bulging eyes C) Palpitations D) Flushed skin

A) Fatigue

A patients assessment and diagnostic testing are suggestive of acute pancreatitis. When the nurse is performing the health interview, what assessment questions address likely etiologic factors? Select all that apply. A) How many alcoholic drinks do you typically consume in a week? B) Have you ever been tested for diabetes? C) Have you ever been diagnosed with gallstones? D) Would you say that you eat a particularly high-fat diet? E) Does anyone in your family have cystic fibrosis?

A) How many alcoholic drinks do you typically consume in a week? C) Have you ever been diagnosed with gallstones?

An adult patient has been admitted to the medical unit for the treatment of acute pancreatitis. What nursing action should be included in this patients plan of care? A) Measure the patients abdominal girth daily. B) Limit the use of opioid analgesics. C) Monitor the patient for signs of dysphagia. D) Encourage activity as tolerated.

A) Measure the patients abdominal girth daily.

A patient is recovering from a thyroidectomy. The patient starts to complain of tingling and numbness in the face, toes, and fingers. Which of the following findings below warrants attention?* A. Ca+ level: 6 mg/dL B. Na+ level: 145 mg/dL C. K+ level: 3.5 mg/dL D. Phosphate level: 4.3 mg/dL

A. Ca+ level: 6 mg/dL

A patient is diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following signs and symptoms would you NOT find in this patient? Select all that apply:* A. Calcium level 6 mg/dL B. Bone fracture C. Positive Trousseau's Sign D. Tingling and numbness of lips and fingers E. Calcium level of 15 mg/dL F. Phosphate level 1.2 G. Renal calculi

A. Calcium level 6 mg/dL C. Positive Trousseau's Sign D. Tingling and numbness of lips and fingers

You are providing care to a patient experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient is on an insulin drip and their current glucose level is 300. In addition, to the insulin drip the patient also has 5% Dextrose 0.45% NS infusing in the right antecubital vein. Which of the following patient signs/symptoms causes concern?* A. Patient has a potassium level of 2.3 B. Patient complains of thirst. C. Patient is nauseous. D. Patient's skin and mucous membranes are dry.

A. Patient has a potassium level of 2.3

A patient has been admitted to the critical care unit with a diagnosis of thyroid storm. What interventions should the nurse include in this patients immediate care? Select all that apply. A) Administering diuretics to prevent fluid overload B) Administering beta blockers to reduce heart rate C) Administering insulin to reduce blood glucose levels D) Applying interventions to reduce the patients temperature E) Administering corticosteroids

B) Administering beta blockers to reduce heart rate D) Applying interventions to reduce the patients temperature

A patient with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is being cared for on the critical care unit. The priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with this condition is what? A) Risk for peripheral neurovascular dysfunction B) Excess fluid volume C) Hypothermia D) Ineffective airway clearance

B) Excess fluid volume

A patient is being discharged home after recovering from HHNS. Which statement by the patient requires patient re-education about this condition?* A. "I will monitor my blood glucose levels regularly." B. "This condition happens suddenly without any warning signs." C. "If I become sick I will monitor my blood glucose more frequently and drink lots of fluids." D. "It is important I take my medication as prescribed."

B. "This condition happens suddenly without any warning signs."

Which of the following patients are MOST at risk for hypoparathyroidism?* A. A 75 year-old female who is diabetic and takes Os-Cal daily. B. A 59 year-old male with a Mg+ level of 0.9 mg/dL. C. A 85 year-old female complaining of flank pain and constipation. D. A 19 year-old male with a Ca+ level of 8.9 mg/dL.

B. A 59 year-old male with a Mg+ level of 0.9 mg/dL.

A patient is 6 hours post-opt from thyroid surgery. The patient's calcium level is 5 and phosphate level is 4.2. What physical signs and symptoms would NOT present with these findings? (Select-all-that-apply)* A. Bronchospasm B. Constipation C. Numbness and tingling in the face D. Positive Chvostek's Sign E. Absent Trousseau's Sign F. Hypertension

B. Constipation E. Absent Trousseau's Sign F. Hypertension

An 18-year-old patient is seen at the healthcare center with swelling of the hands and the face. The patient is diagnosed with acromegaly. The nurse knows that this condition is caused by: A. an overproduction of the stress hormone cortisol B. benign tumors on the pituitary that causes excess secretion of the growth hormone C. excess secretion of parathyroid hormone after diagnosis of thyroid nodules D. a genetic condition that develops as a chromosomal abnormality

B. benign tumors on the pituitary that causes excess secretion of the growth hormone

A nurse is creating a care plan for a patient with acute pancreatitis. The care plan includes reduced activity. What rationale for this intervention should be cited in the care plan? A) Bed rest reduces the patients metabolism and reduces the risk of metabolic acidosis. B) Reduced activity protects the physical integrity of pancreatic cells. C) Bed rest lowers the metabolic rate and reduces enzyme production. D) Inactivity reduces caloric need and gastrointestinal motility

C) Bed rest lowers the metabolic rate and reduces enzyme production

The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with Graves disease. What physical characteristics of Graves disease would the nurse expect to find? A) Hair loss B) Moon face C) Bulging eyes D) Fatigue

C) Bulging eyes

Which of the following is NOT a medical treatment for DKA and HHNS?* A. IV regular insulin B. Isotonic fluids C. Bicarbonate D. IV potassium Solution

C. Bicarbonate

Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of Diabetic Ketoacidosis? A. Positive Ketones in the urine B. Polydipsia C. Oliguria D. Abdominal Pain

C. Oliguria

A client is admitted for treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which nursing intervention is appropriate? 1. Infusing I.V. fluids rapidly as ordered 2. Administering glucose-containing I.V. fluids as ordered 3. Restricting fluids 4. Encouraging increased oral intake

C. Restricting fluids

The nurse is providing care for an older adult patient whose current medication regimen includes levothyroxine (Synthroid). As a result, the nurse should be aware of the heightened risk of adverse effects when administering an IV dose of what medication? A) A fluoroquinalone antibiotic B) A loop diuretic C) A proton pump inhibitor (PPI) D) A benzodiazepine

D) A benzodiazepine

Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome would have all of the following signs and symptoms EXCEPT?* A. Dry mucous membranes B. Polyuria C. Blood glucose >600 mg/dL D. Kussmaul breathing

D. Kussmaul breathing

A nurse is assessing a client with possible Cushing's syndrome. In a client with Cushing's syndrome, the nurse expects to find: 1. weight gain in arms and legs. 2. thick, coarse skin. 3. hypotension. 4. deposits of adipose tissue in the trunk and dorsocervical area.

Deposits of adipose tissue in the trunk and dorsocervical area