Endocrine Prep U

Which instruction should be included in the discharge teaching plan for a client after thyroidectomy for Graves' disease?

Have regular follow-up care.

Which condition should a nurse expect to find in a client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism?

Hypercalcemia

A nurse explains to a client with thyroid disease that the thyroid gland normally produces:

T3, thyroxine (T4), and calcitonin.

A patient is ordered desmopressin (DDAVP) for the treatment of diabetes insipidus. What therapeutic response does the nurse anticipate the patient will experience?

A decrease in urine output

A female client with hyperglycemia who weighs 210 lb (95 kg) tells the nurse that her husband sleeps in another room because her snoring keeps him awake. The nurse notices that the client has large hands and a hoarse voice. Which disorder would the nurse suspect as a possible cause of the client's hyperglycemia?

Acromegaly

During the first 24 hours after a client is diagnosed with addisonian crisis, which intervention should the nurse perform frequently?

Assess vital signs.

Surgical removal of the thyroid gland is the treatment of choice for thyroid cancer. During the immediate postoperative period, the nurse knows to evaluate serum levels of __________ to assess for a serious and primary postoperative complication of thyroidectomy.

Calcium

A client with severe hypoparathyroidism is experiencing tetany. What medication, prescribed by the physician for emergency use, will the nurse administer to correct the deficit?

Calcium gluconate

What interventions can the nurse encourage the client with diabetes insipidus to do in order to control thirst and compensate for urine loss?

Consume adequate amounts of fluid.

Hypophysectomy is the treatment of choice for which endocrine disorder?

Cushing

Which disorder is characterized by a group of symptoms produced by an excess of free circulating cortisol from the adrenal cortex?

Cushing Syndrome

The actions of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are increased in the presence of which vitamin?

D

A client sustained a head injury when falling from a ladder. While in the hospital, the client begins voiding large amounts of clear urine and reports being very thirsty. The client states feeling weak and having experienced an 8-pound weight loss since admission. What condition does the nurse expect the client to be tested for?

Diabetes insipidus (DI)

A client is being seen in the clinic to receive the results of the lab work to determine thyroid levels. The nurse observes the client's eyes appear to be bulging, and there is swelling around the eyes. What does the nurse know that the correct documentation of this finding is?

Exophthalmos

A nurse should perform which intervention for a client with Cushing's syndrome?

Explain that the client's physical changes are a result of excessive corticosteroids.

The nurse is assessing a client in the clinic who appears restless, excitable, and agitated. The nurse observes that the client has exophthalmos and neck swelling. What diagnosis do these clinical manifestations correlate with?

Hyperthyroidism

For the first 72 hours after thyroidectomy surgery, a nurse should assess a client for Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign because they indicate:

Hypocalcemia

One of the most frequently occurring complications (55% occurrence) of primary hyperparathyroidism is:

Kidney stones.

A client is suspected to have a pituitary tumor due to signs of diabetes insipidus. What initial test does the nurse help to prepare the client for?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A client is receiving long-term treatment with high-dose corticosteroids. Which of the following would the nurse expect the client to exhibit?

Moon face

A patient with a history of hypothyroidism is admitted to the intensive care unit unconscious and with a temperature of 95.2ºF. A family member informs the nurse that the patient has not taken thyroid medication in over 2 months. What does the nurse suspect that these findings indicate?

Myxedema coma: a rare life-threatening condition. It is the decompensated state of severe hypothyroidism in which the patient is hypothermic and unconscious. may develop with undiagnosed hypothyroidism and may be precipitated by infection or other systemic disease or by use of sedatives or opioid analgesic agents. Patients may also experience myxedema coma if they forget to take their thyroid replacement medication.

Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform to determine the development of peptic ulcers when caring for a patient with Cushing's syndrome?

Observe the color of the stool

Which glands regulate calcium and phosphorous metabolism?

Parathyroid

A client has a dysfunction in one of his glands that is causing a decrease in the level of calcium in the blood. What gland should be evaluated for dysfunction?

Parathyroid gland

While assessing a client with hypoparathyroidism, the nurse taps the client's facial nerve and observes twitching of the mouth and tightening of the jaw. The nurse would document this finding as which of the following?

Positive Chvostek's sign

The nurse is administering a medication to a client with hyperthyroidism to block the production of thyroid hormone. The client is not a candidate for surgical intervention at this time. What medication should the nurse administer to the client?

Propylthiouracil

The nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?

Reports of increased appetite

A client is admitted for treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which nursing intervention is appropriate?

Restricting fluids

Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a client with Addison's disease?

Risk for infection: Addison's disease decreases the production of all adrenal hormones, compromising the body's normal stress response and increasing the risk of infection. Other appropriate nursing diagnoses for a client with Addison's disease include Deficient fluid volume and Hyperthermia.

Patients with hyperthyroidism are characteristically:

Sensitive to heat

The nurse palpates the thyroid gland of a patient suspected of having hyperthyroidism. The nurse documents the positive finding of a gland that is:

Soft with poorly defined borders.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has which effects on the kidney?

Stimulation of calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion

The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperthyroidism who suddenly develops symptoms related to thyroid storm. What symptoms does the nurse recognize that are indicative of this emergency?

Temperature of 102ºF

A nurse is instructing a client with newly diagnosed hypoparathyroidism about the regimen used to treat this disorder. The nurse should state that the physician probably will order daily supplements of calcium and:

Vitamin D

A 35-year-old female client who complains of weight gain, facial hair, absent menstruation, frequent bruising, and acne is diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. Cushing's syndrome is most likely caused by:

a corticotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma.

What is present during physical exam of Cushings?

buffalo hump thin extremities moon face truncal obesity purple striae

Trousseau sign is elicited

by occluding the blood flow to the arm for 3 minutes with the use of a blood pressure cuff.

A nurse is assessing a client with possible Cushing's syndrome. In a client with Cushing's syndrome, the nurse expects to find:

deposits of adipose tissue in the trunk and dorsocervical area.

When teaching a client with Cushing's syndrome about dietary changes, the nurse should instruct the client to increase intake of:

fresh fruit

A client presents with a huge lower jaw, bulging forehead, large hands and feet, and frequent headaches. What is the most reliable method of confirming the client's condition?

glucose tolerance test + GH measurement

A client has been experiencing a decrease in serum calcium. After diagnostics, the physician believes the calcium level fluctuation is due to altered parathyroid function. What is the role of parathormone?

increase serum calcium level

A client is undergoing diagnostics for an alteration in thyroid function. What physiologic function is affected by altered thyroid function?

metabolic rate

An incoherent client with a history of hypothyroidism is brought to the emergency department by the rescue squad. Physical and laboratory findings reveal hypothermia, hypoventilation, respiratory acidosis, bradycardia, hypotension, and nonpitting edema of the face and periorbital area. Knowing that these findings suggest severe hypothyroidism, the nurse prepares to take emergency action to prevent the potential complication of:

myxedma coma

A young client has a significant height deficit and is to be evaluated for diagnostic purposes. What could be the cause of this client's disorder?

pituitary disorder

Which of the following is considered a late symptom of hypothyroidism?

Cold intolerance

A nurse is planning care for a client in acute addisonian crisis. Which nursing diagnosis should receive the highest priority?

Decreased cardiac output

A group of students is reviewing material about endocrine system function. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as secreted by the adrenal medulla?

Epinephrine

The preferred preparation for treating hypothyroidism

Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

Why is the pituatary gland the "master gland"?

Regulates the function of other endocrine glands

Which group of clients should not receive potassium iodide?

Those who are allergic to seafood

The most common type of goiter is caused by lack of

iodine

A client is admitted to an acute care facility with a tentative diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. The nurse should monitor the client closely for the related problem of:

profound neuromuscular irritability.

A nurse is caring for a client with a kidney disorder. What hormone released by the kidneys initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume?

renin

A client with Addison's disease comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. When assessing this client, the nurse should stay alert for signs and symptoms of:

sodium and potassium abnormalities.

A nurse is caring for a client suspected of having a pituitary tumor that is causing panhypopituitarism. During assessment of the client, which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to find?

Atrophy of the gonads