Energy, Work and Simple Machines, Simple & Compound Machines, Examples of Simple Machines

lever arm

A beam, free to pivot on a point, used to move a load.

77 J

A lawnmower was pushed 70m with a force of 1.1N. How much work was done?

Energy

Ability to do work

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed

Thermal energy

Energy equal to amount of heat within an object

Strain energy/elastic potential energy

Energy in anything stretched or bent, and capable of returning to original shape after release.

Kinetic energy

Energy of motion

Electrical Energy

Energy resulting from separation of electric charges.

2.8 N

How much force is showing on the spring scale?

210 J

It takes 70N of effort to lift a load 3m. How much work is done?

a lever(handle), a wheel and axle(wheels), or an inclined plane(bucket)

Name two simple machines that are in the compound machine above.

No, there isn't any distance involved

Scientifically, Is pushing against a wall work?

Energy Transformation

Takes place when energy changes from one form into another form.

Gravitational potential energy

The energy an object has because of its position within gravity field

Chemical (potential) Energy

The energy in food and fuel and cells

Newtons (N)

The metric term (SI) for measuring FORCE. (SI) means International System of Measurement

load

The weight or resistance that is moved using a simple machine.

force x distance

What two things do you need to know to be able to measure work?

mechanical advantage (it increases the effort)

What type of advantage do you get with this pulley?

directional advantage (you are pulling DOWN)

What type of advantage does this pulley system have?

fixed pulley, the pulley is "attached"

What type of pulley is shown here?

movable pulley

What type of pulley is shown here?

Wedge

What type of simple machine are the examples above?

inclined plane

What type of simple machine is Moby using to gain a mechanical advantage?

lever

What type of simple machine is a broom?

lever

What type of simple machine is a seesaw?

lever

What type of simple machine is a tennis racket? or all athletic equipment with a "handle"

lever

What type of simple machine is an arm?

lever

What type of simple machine is an ice cream scoop?

the distance gets longer

When a simple machine helps reduce the force, what happens to the distance needed to do the work?

mechanical advantage

When a simple machine increases the force. "It makes effort easier."

movable pulley

Which type of the two pulleys gives the user a mechanical advantage?

1. the load and fulcrum are best buddies:) 2. the effort is as far away from the fulcrum as possible

Why would Archimedes be able to "lift the world"? Two reasons.

screw

a spiral inclined plane that increase force to move deep inside something.

inclined plane

allows you to push or pull instead of lift, a ramp is an example.

effort force

amount of force needed to move something

pulley

can be fixed or moveable, can change the direction of force or decrease the effort force, the more you use the less force you need.

gears

can work with a wheel and axle, larger ones are easier to turn, can change the direction and amount of force

inertia

causes objects at rest to remain at rest and objects in motion to remain in motion

lever

consists of 2 parts a bar and fulcrum, there are 3 types, makes it easier to lift things.

wheel and axle

has 2 parts, one part is a bar that passes through the other part, the bar turns a small force into a larger force

spring scale

instrument used to measure FORCE

simple machines

lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge, and screw

load

object being lifted or moved

simple machines

one of six objects that help you do work includes levers, pulleys, wheels and axles, inclined planes, wedge, screw, and gears

wedge

pushes things apart by changing the direction of the force

effort

same as "force" (a push or a pull)

energy

the ability to do work

efficiency

the amount of useful work a machine puts out compared to the amount of work that is put in

speed

the distance traveled in a certain amount of time

friction

the force that acts against objects in motion when one surface touches another

Force x Distance = Work

the formula for measuring "work"

fulcrum

the point where a lever arm "pivots"

joules

the unit used for "work"

work

when force is used to move an object, only occurs when something moves