English Language A level: Word Classes
Regular Verbs
4 forms Using the word 'walk' as a base: INFINITIVE - To walk 3RD PERSON - Walks PAST TENSE - Walked PRESENT - Walking Don't have a past participle and have inflection "-ed" in the past tense
Irregular Verbs
5 forms Using the word 'write' as a base: INFINITIVE To write 3RD PERSON Writes PAST TENSE Wrote PAST PARTICIPLE Have written PRESENT Writing
Abstract noun
A thing - but not a thing you can touch (entertainment; sport; hope; dreams; Christmas)
Concrete noun
A thing you can touch (shoes; street; pathway)
Indefinite Article
A/An
Dynamic Verbs
Actions (He CALMED them down; He CONTROLLED them well)
Comparative Adjective
Adjective made comparative with the addition of the suffix "-er" or by the use of the word "more". (Long-Longer Happy-Happier-More Happy) Sometimes irregular e.g. bad-worse
Adjectives
Always modify nouns
Co-ordinating Conjunctions
And; Or; But; Nor; Neither
Lexical Verbs
Express actions or states of being (Made; found; wanted; swam; moved; hope; thought; climb)
Auxiliary Verbs
Helping verbs
Third person singular
Him/Her; He/She
First person/Possessive
I/My
Indefinite Determiner
Indicates a non-specific amount (all; some; many; few; both; less; fewer; more; every; each; least; several)
Impersonal pronoun
It
Superlative Adjective
Made superlative with the addition of "est" or "most" (Long-Longer-Longest Happy-Happier-Happiest-Most Happy) Sometimes irregular e.g. bad-worst
Modal Auxiliary Verbs
May/might/must Would/will Could/can Should/shall
Adverbs
Modifying words. ALWAYS modify verbs. Information on: Place (go THERE to get a coat) Time (you must go NOW) Manner (he was sleeping WELL) Frequency (I NEVER stay at home) Often have "-ly" endings (e.g. cautiously; slowly; carefully)
Reflexive pronoun
Myself/Yourself/Themselves
Numerical Determiner
Numbers (one; two; three; four; five; six; seven; eight)
Prepositions
PLACE (at; on; opposite; by) TIME (at; in; before; on) SOURCE (from; out of) DIRECTIONS (towards; past; through; out of) COMPARISON (as; like) PURPOSE (for)
Predicative Adjective
Post-modify nouns (e.g. the essay was good)
Attributive Adjective
Pre-modify nouns (e.g. it was a good essay)
Indefinite pronoun
Someone/thing/body Anybody/one Nobody Everything/one
Stative verbs
States of being/To be (He kept CALM; They were well CONTROLLED)
Definite Article
The
Proper noun
The specific given name of something/someone (Kanye West; Loose Women; Woking)
Third person plural
Them/They/Their
Demonstrative Determiner
This; That; These
Primary Auxiliary Verbs
To be (I am; are; was; were) To have (I have; has; had) To do (I do; does; did)
Plural first person
We/Us
Second person
You/Your