English vocab 2020 q1

Oxymoron

A contradiction in terms of words ex: Pretty ugly, dark light, alone together, bittersweet, amazingly awful

Metaphor

A figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isn't literally true, but helps explain an idea or make a comparison. Metaphors does NOT contain the words "like" or "as" ex: Love is a battlefield She was the black sheep of the family

Motif

A recurring important idea or image. A motif differs from a theme in that it can be expressed as a single word or fragmentary phrase, while a theme usually must be expressed as a complete sentence. ex: COVID: death, sickness The movie IT: the red balloon, a recurring image

Symbolism

An artistic movement and poetic movement or style using symbolic images, and indirect suggestion to express mythical ideas, emotions, and states of mind. Ex: Colors: red :anger, green: esrth

Tone

An attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience. Tone is generally conveyed through the choice of words, or viewpoint of a writer on a particular subject ex: Father, "we are going on a vacation" son, "That's great!" (excited tone) Father, "we can't go on vacation this year" son, Ya great" (sarcastic tone, and disappointed)

Simile

An indirect relationship where one thing or idea is described as being similar to another. Similies usually contains words "like" or "as" ex: As blind as a bat

Figurative Language

Any use of language where the intended meaning differs from the actual literal meaning, ex: Simile, metaphor, hyperbole, personification, onomatopoeia

Creative License

Exaggeration or alteration of objective facts or reality facts for the purpose of enhancing meaning in a fictional text, ex: Harriet Tubman story

Hyperbole

Extreme exaggeration, ex: I'm so hungry i could eat a horse

Blank Verse

Non-rhyming poetry, usually written in iambic petameter ex: O, then, I see Queen Mab hath been with you/ she is the fairies' midwife, she comes/ agate stone/ no the fore-finger of an alderman

Iambic Pentameter

Poetry written with each line containing ten syllables, in five repetitions of tw0-syllable pattern within the punctuation emphasis is on the second syllable. In a two-syllable word you have a stressed and an unstressed syllable ex: Batter my heart, three-person god,

Mood

The atmosphere or emotional condition created by the piece, within the setting. ex: Cheerful, Angry, Reflective, Gloomy, Humorous, Melancholy, Romantic, etc.

Characterization

The author's means of conveying to the reader a character's personality, life history, values, physical attributes, etc. Also refers to the description thereof. Can be straightforward. ex: The main character of this story is a 14-year-old girl etc. Or they could say blah blah walks into vlus with a hydro flask and walks into the eighth-grade classroom before going to the bathroom with period cramps.

Theme

The central idea, topic, or point of a story, essay, or narrative. A lesson that can apply to the broader, outside world

Antagonist

The counterpart to the main character and source of a story's main conflict, He or she opposes the protagonist in a significant way. ex: Voldemort in harry potter

Protagonist

The main character in a story, the one with whom the reader is meant to identify ex: Harry Potter in Harry Potter

Setting

The place or surrounding where a story takes place

Alliteration

The repetition of consonant sounds within close proximity, usually in consecutive words within the same sentence. ex: She sells sea shells by the sea shore Dunkin Doughnuts, Krispy Kreme

Tragic Flaw

The single characteristic (usually negative) or personality disorder that causes the downfall of the protagonist. ex: Troy Maxson has a tragic flaw of stubbornness. Harry Potter had anger problems

Parallelism

The use of similar or identical language, structure, events, or ideas in different parts of a text. ex: MLK's "I have a dream speech" I have a dream is constantly repeated.

Second Person

Told from the reader's point of view, using "you" ex: "you stayed up last night and you are tired"

Foreshadowing

What future events in a story, or perhaps the outcome, are suggested by the author will happen, ex: A girl in the opening scene of a rom-com doesn't want to date and then a handsome guy comes into the coffee shop

Paradox

Where a situation is created which cannot possibly exist, because different elements of it cancel each other out ex: Save money by spending it I'm a compulsive liar

Personification

Where inanimate objects or abstract concepts are seemingly endowed with human self-awareness; where human thoughts, actions and perceptions are directly attributed to inanimate objects or abstract ideas. Happens briefly, in a single sentence, verse, or paragraph ex: My alarm clock screamed at me to get out of bed The wind howled in the night

Onomatopoeia

Where sounds are spelled out as words; or, when words describing sounds actually sound like sounds they describe, ex: Bang, smack, crack, boom, honk, whack, thump

Dramatic Irony

Where the audience or reader is aware of something important, of which the characters in the story are not aware, ex: A girl in a horror film hides in the closet and the killer doesn't know she is in there but the audience does

Verbal Irony

Where the meaning is intended to be the exact opposite of what the words actually mean ex: "I will not marry yet, and when I do I swear it shall be Romeo, whom you know I hate rather than Paris. "

Inciting Incident

a moment in a story that hooks the viewer into the story. Ex: when Hagrid tells Harry he is a wizard

Topic

a particular issue or idea that serves as the subject of a paragraph, essay, report, or speech

Conflict

a serious disagreement over a long period of time Ex: a conflict between 2 countries (world wars)

Allegory

a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one. ; Every aspect of a story is representative, usually symbolic, of something else, usually a larger abstract concept or important historical/geopolitical event. Allegories contain a deeper meaning to it than at first glance. Characters and actions can be understood to symbolize ideas, values, and beliefs. ex: The dinosaur is meant to symbolize all of us and politicians who are in life-threatening danger because of coronavirus and they are saying "oh no the economy!"

Allusion

an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference. ex: I didn't have any bus fare, but fortunately some good Samaritan helped me out!"

Third Person-(Limited, Omniscient)

belongs to the person being talked about. " the author writing about themselves from the perspective of another, not in the room, ex:"she/he/they did this"

Irony

rhetorical device, the expression of using ones meaning by using the language that normally signifies the opposite, for humorous or sarcastic effect : ex: a fire station burns down, a robber gets robbed

Feytag's Pyramid

the arch of a story (plot structure): ex: intro- inciting incident- build up- climax- fall- resolution

Point of View: first point of view

the person telling the story as themself, your own point of view: ex: "I am"

Anthropomorphism

where animals or inanimate objects are portrayed in a story as people, such as by walking, talking, or being given arms, legs, and/ or facial features Happens throughout the story ex: in Beauty in the Beast, the clock, candlestick, and teapot all act as if they are humans