Environmental Health Quiz 2 (Ch. 2)

Which of the following are contributions of epidemiology to environmental health?

Methodology for study designs Descriptive and analytic studies Use of observational data Concern with populations

The risk of acquiring a given disease during a time period is best determined by which of the following?

The incidence rate for that disease during a given year

A national survey of asthma conducted on May 1, 2012, obtained the following results for the state of Oklahoma: X = The number of residents with asthma Y = The population of the state on June 30, 2012, and all members of the population were considered at risk Z = The number of new cases of asthma diagnosed during 2012. The incidence rate of asthma during 2012 (per 100,000) would be expressed as:

(Z/Y) x 100,000

Prevalence measures aid in:

Assessing variations in disease occurrence the development of hypotheses describing the scope of health problems

Environmental health science is concerned with agent, host, and environmental factors in disease (the epidemiological triangle). Which statement is true about the triangle?

Disease causality includes three major factors: agent, host, and environment The environment is the domain in which disease-causing agents may exist Agent factors can include particles, toxic chemicals, and pesticides The host is the person who affords lodgment of an infectious agent

Which of the following historical figures was among the first to expound on the role of environmental factors in causing diseases?

Hippocrates

The Texas Sharshooter Effect illustrates:

One cause of spurious or chance clustering

Which of the following activities characterizes the epidemiological approach (as opposed to the clinical approach)?

Study of cancer occurrence in populations

Sir Percival Pott, who wrote Chirurgical Observations:

Was a London surgeon who identifies an environmental cause of cancer

John snow, in Snow on Cholera:

Was an English anesthesiologist who used natural experiments