E.S Final Exam

Check the following ways some Zoo's and other like Institutions, help save endangered species. Check All That Apply Captive breeding programs. Captive breeding programs. Spreading general knowledge of the local and exotic animals and plants. Spreading general knowledge of the local and exotic animals and plants. Preservation of wildlife off site, by donations, patrols and international partnerships. Preservation of wildlife off site, by donations, patrols and international partnerships. Exchange of animals from one facility to another to ensure genetic variation. Exchange of animals from one facility to another to ensure genetic variation. Wild-caught animals for display to the public. Wild-caught animals for display to the public.

-Captive breeding programs. -Preservation of wildlife off site, by donations, patrols and international partnerships. -Wild-caught animals for display to the public. Wild-caught animals for display to the public.

Match the human disturbance to the effect it has on biodiversity. Disturbance- -Invasive Species -Urban Development -Pollution -Over-harvesting Effect- -Habitat fragmentation or loss -Changes in food web dynamics -Typically becomes concentrated in wildlife, killing animals higher in the food chain -Animals used for food are unable to maintain a viable population size

-Invasive Species: Changes in foodweb dynamics -Urban Development: Habitat fragmentation or loss -Pollution: Typically becomes concentrated in wildlife, killing animals higher in the food chain -Over-harvesting: Animals used for food are unable to maintain a viable population size

Salinization is a common agricultural problem in what type of region? Multiple Choice Arid Windy Tropical Cold Humid

Arid

In terms of agriculture, pesticides have led to _____ for consumers. Multiple Choice Lower monetary costs More attractive produce Better produce quality More availability of produce All of these are correct

All of these are correct

DDT is Multiple Choice Equally toxic to mammals and insects Soluble only in water Cheap to produce and easy to apply Highly biodegradable All of these are correct

Cheap to produce and easy to apply

Habitat fragmentation usually leads to a(n) Multiple Choice Decrease in biodiversity Reduction in the number of introduced species More stable environment Increase in biodiversity due to the isolated populations

Decrease in biodiversity

Which of the following would have nearly zero topsoil? Multiple Choice None of these is correct Tundra Tropical rainforests Deserts Virgin prairies

Deserts

Extinction is the term used when all members of a species Multiple Choice Are threatened with imminent habitat loss Die Disappear in a locality Are in danger of disappearing in a locality Live in zoos

Die

Soil formation and water purification are examples of _________ based on the biodiversity that benefit humans. Multiple Choice Ecological services Health benefits Aesthetic benefits Geological cycles Availability of food

Ecological services

A species in imminent danger of extinction is classified by the U.S. Endangered Species Act as Multiple Choice Endangered Threatened At risk Valuable Vulnerable

Endangered

A species in imminent danger of extinction is classified by the U.S. Endangered Species Act as Multiple Choice Vulnerable Threatened Endangered At risk Valuable

Endangered

True or False Most of the tallgrass prairies in the U.S. remain untouched.

False

True or False Vulnerable" species are those that are in imminent danger of being extinct.

False

"Exotic" is another word for Multiple Choice Foreign Rare Tropical Beautiful Desirable

Foreign

The largest contributing factor for the current high rate of animal extinctions is Multiple Choice Uncontrolled sport hunting in the developed world Commercial harvesting of wildlife in Africa Drought conditions caused by the greenhouse effect Habitat destruction worldwide None of these by themselves cause high rates of animal extinctions, but together they combine to cause high rates

Habitat destruction worldwide

Fill in the blank Areas with exceptionally high numbers of endemic species are known as biodiversity ____ spots.

Hot

Which of the following statements is true? Multiple Choice Humans only began causing extinctions in the past 150 years. Humans may have been causing extinctions for thousands of years, but our impact has recently increased. Humans have never had significant impact on species extinctions until the past four decades. Humans are responsible for many of the mass extinctions in the geologic record.

Humans may have been causing extinctions for thousands of years, but our impact has recently increased.

A threatened species may be extinct or near extinction Multiple Choice Already Only in the distant future In most of their natural range In the near future In certain localities

In the near future

Your actions can impact environmental issues such as overharvesting and invasive species. Drag each of the following actions to the environmental issue it helps address.

Invasive species: -Never release fish... -Use native plants... Overharvesting: -Don't buy exotic pets... -Buy farm-raised fish... -Avoid... -Buy sustainably...

Most of the species that are yet undiscovered are probably Multiple Choice Invertebrates Birds and fish Vertebrates Multicellular plants Mammals and reptiles

Invertebrates

Most of the species that are yet undiscovered are probably Multiple Choice Vertebrates Multicellular plants Invertebrates Birds and fish Mammals and reptiles

Invertebrates

Which of the following would be a characteristic of an exotic plant species? Multiple Choice Is a secondary consumer (trophic levels) Is a specialist, for example, has a low range of tolerance for soil acidity Has many predators and diseases Produces a few seeds after many years to reach maturity Is an opportunist that is desired by humans for food or ornamental value

Is an opportunist that is desired by humans for food or ornamental value

Organophosphates operate by attacking an organism's ________ system. Multiple Choice Nervous Blood Muscular Skeletal Immune

Nervous

Ecological diversity is a measure of the number of Multiple Choice Different species in an ecosystem Different kinds of organisms within a community or ecosystem Sizes, colors, and shapes of organisms within an ecological community Different versions of the same gene in an ecological community Niches, trophic levels, and ecological processes of a biological community

Niches, trophic levels, and ecological processes of a biological community

When Aldo Leopold said, "The first rule to intelligent tinkering is to save all the pieces." In terms of biodiversity he meant that we should Multiple Choice Aldo Leopold did not intend to have this statement applied to biodiversity Not interfere with nature Not cause species to disappear Save records of all species that have disappeared Not interfere with the disappearance of species

Not cause species to disappear

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of biodiversity for humans? Multiple Choice Food Aesthetics Drugs and medicines Reducing air pollution Ecological services

Reducing air pollution

Which of the following is the BEST way to ensure soil health? Multiple Choice Strip farming and leaving residues on fields after harvest Establishing ridges running up and down hills All of these are good practices in ensuring soil health Maintaining clean, open ground between rows Clearing fields immediately after harvesting

Strip farming and leaving residues on fields after harvest

Identify and drag the image that best represents the ecological service described.

This ecological service increases the amount of agricultural output. : plant-cover of soil Many fruit crops are dependent on this ecological service: pollination This economic resource is fed by the surrounding populations (ecological service): fish farms Ecological services for this include stabilizing climate and water supplies.: forests

True or False DNA sequencing technology has improved biologists ability to understand ancestral relationships among different kinds of life.

True

True or False Island ecosystems are extremely susceptible to invasive species.

True

Because prairie dogs have a major effect on the ecological functioning of their habitat and the health of other members of their community, they are considered to be Multiple Choice an umbrella species. an indicator species. a keystone species. a flagship species. Next Visit question mapQuestion 2 of 20 Total 2 of 20

a keystone species.

Flagship species Multiple Choice are species whose presence is tied to specific environmental conditions. are especially interesting and attractive and are used by conservation organizations to motivate people. is a term that refers to the largest species of a community.

are especially interesting and attractive and are used by conservation organizations to motivate people.

Reduced tillage agricultural systems Multiple Choice lead to less soil degradation and require more energy than conventional systems. require more energy than conventional systems. consume less energy than conventional systems. Incorrect consume less energy than conventional systems and lead to less soil degradation. lead to less soil degradation.

consume less energy than conventional systems and lead to less soil degradation.

Invasive species Multiple Choice are easily controlled. flourish in a new environment due to a lack of predators, diseases, or resource limitations. are only plants and animals. rarely invade islands because of their comparative isolation.

flourish in a new environment due to a lack of predators, diseases, or resource limitations.

Species extinction Multiple Choice has been the fate of the vast majority of species that have inhabited the earth. only happens with large animals. is a relatively recent phenomenon. is linked exclusively to expanding human activities.

has been the fate of the vast majority of species that have inhabited the earth.

The greatest number of known living species are Multiple Choice bacteria. mites, ticks, and spiders. algae. insects.

insects.

Ecological diversity Multiple Choice refers to the richness and complexity of a biological community. refers to the various types of ecosystems on earth. refers to the different kinds of species present in an ecosystem. is more important to conservation than genetic diversity.

refers to the richness and complexity of a biological community.

Where will you find the greatest concentration of different species? Multiple Choice the tropics Europe Siberia the poles

the tropics