ethics assignment

d

populations are considered vulnerable if they a) all dependent on others b) are not fully capable of providing informed consent c) are at a greater risk of harm than the typical individual d) all of the above are correct

a

Which of the following groups would be considered MOST likely to be able to give FULLY-INFORMED consent to participate in clinical drug trials for a new anthrax vaccination? a) U.S. military personnel b) youth between the ages of 16-18 c) federal U.S. prisoners d) adults with a recent history of mental illness

b

Which of the following is not considered to be an example of scientific misconduct? a) falsifying data b) using an inappropriate statistical technique due to lack of knowledge c) plagiarism d) selectively reporting results

a

Ethical standards for randomized, controlled clinical trials (RCT's) include a) not allowing individuals to participate without first informing them of the possible risks and benefits of the study b) insuring that each participant knows which treatment he or she received after the experiment is complete c) allowing participants the right to decide which group (control or treatment) they are in d) never testing drugs which have not been proven to be completely safe.

c

Basic ethical requirements for any study involving human participants are a) randomization, control, and statistical significance b) participants are randomly chosen, anonymous, and cannot be deceived c) approval by an IRB, informed consent, and assurances of confidentiality d) that the study be of scientific interest, only proper statistics are reported, and no harm may be done.

a

Deception creates the greatest level of risk when a) it exposes participants to situations they might not agree if they were fully informed b) participants are unaware of the nature of the research hypothesis c) participants are paid for their time and participation d) participants are debriefed after the study is completed

b

Minimal risk research a) poses zero risk of harm to the participant b) considered no riskier than the normal activities of every day life c) considered acceptable only because the potential benefits of the study outweigh the risks. d) does not exist in that ANY research with human participants' entails more than minimal risk

d

Studies in which information about individual participants is never made public are said to be a) anonymous b) blinded c) reproducible d) confidential

d

Studies with human participants at Research Institutions (ex. universities) must be approved in advance by an institutional review board (IRB). The IRBs primary purpose is to a) ensure the study has scientific merit b) ensure the study uses proper methodology c) ensure the study will have some benefit to society d) ensure the participants of the study are safe

a

The Census Bureau, by law, never shares information with the Internal Revenue Services (IRS). To do so would violate which basic requirement of data ethics? a) confidentiality of individual data b) informed consent of all participants c) prior approval by a IRB d) unreliable measurement