ethics ch 02

To a cultural relativist, when someone says, "Capital punishment is wrong," what is that person really saying?

"My culture says that capital punishment is wrong."

Cultural relativism applies only when considering cultures from countries other than one's own.

False

Cultural relativists can consistently claim that tolerance of other cultures is morally right everywhere.

False

Social reformers are always right in the view of a cultural relativist.

False

Which of the following is true according to subjective relativism?

I cannot be mistaken about what is morally right for me.

A cultural relativist will agree with this statement: "It is morally permissible to smoke marijuana in Amsterdam if the culture of Amsterdam approves of it."

True

Emotivists believe that moral judgments are about feelings rather than the truth or falsity of moral statements.

True

Nothing is truly good or bad, according to emotivists.

True

The statement "Shoplifting is wrong" attempts to influence others' attitudes about shoplifting, according to emotivists.

True

This statement is morally sound for subjective relativists: "If I think that inflicting pain on an innocent child for no reason is right (that is, I approve of such an action), then the action is right."

True

If I say that violence is never morally permissible, and you say that violence is sometimes morally permissible, then which statement is true according to subjective relativism?

We are not having a moral disagreement

If you and I belong to the same culture, and I say capital punishment is always wrong, whereas you say capital punishment is sometimes right, which statement is true according to cultural relativism?

We can resolve our disagreement through an opinion poll.

An emotivist would call a moral disagreement about abortion

a disagreement in attitude.

Which view says that moral judgments ascribe moral properties to actions or people and are statements that can be true or false?

cognitivism

According to emotivism, if someone says, "No one should eat meat," that person is

expressing his/her emotions.

Cultural relativists would say that if an action is morally right in one culture

it can be morally wrong in another culture.

Even if the basic argument for cultural relativism fails, it is an appealing doctrine to many people because

it seems to promote tolerance toward other cultures.

If you believe that some moral principles are valid for everyone, regardless of culture or moral outlook, you subscribe to

objectivism

Which view says that an action may be morally right for a person even if no one, even the person himself, approves of it?

objectivism

Which view holds that there is no objective morality and that cultural norms do not make something right or wrong but rather that individuals do?

subjective relativism