Evaluating

A nurse writes the following outcome for a patient who is trying to lose weight: "The patient can explain the relationship between weight loss, increased exercise, and decreased calorie intake." This is an example of what type of outcome? a. Cognitive b. Psychomotor c. Affective d. Physical changes

A

A new nurse who is being oriented to the sub acute care unit is expected to follow existing standards when providing patient care. Which nursing actions are examples of these standards? Select all that apply. a. Monitoring patient status every hour. b. Using intuition to troubleshoot patient problems c. Turning a patient on bed rest every 2 hours. d. Becoming a nurse mentor to a student nurse e. Administering pain medication ordered by the physician. f. Becoming involved in community nursing events

A,C, E

Which action should the nurse take when a patient has achieved each expected outcome in the plan of care? A. Terminate the plan of care. B. Modify the plan of care. C. Continue the plan of care.

Answer: A. Terminate the plan of care Rationale: The plan of care is terminated when the patient has achieved all of its goals. The plan of care is modified when there are difficulties achieving outcomes. The plan of care is continued if more time is needed to achieve the outcomes

An outcome evaluation focuses on measurable changes in the health status of the patient or the end result of nursing care. A. True B. False

Answer: A. True Rationale: An outcome evaluation focuses on measurable changes in the health status of the patient or the end result of nursing care.

The purpose of evaluation is to allow the patient's achievement of expected outcomes to direct future nurse-patient interactions. A. True B. False

Answer: A. True Rationale: The purpose of evaluation is to allow the patient's achievement of expected outcomes to direct future nurse-patient interactions.

Which example is a psychomotor outcome? A. A patient learns how to control his weight using the MyPyramid food guide. B. A patient is able to test for glucose levels and inject insulin as needed. C. A patient values his health enough to decide to quit smoking. D. A patient is able to ambulate the hallway following knee surgery.

Answer: B. A patient is able to test for glucose levels and inject insulin as needed. Rationale: Psychomotor outcomes involve the patient's achievement of a new skill, such as controlling diabetes. Cognitive outcomes involve an increase in patient knowledge (Answer A). Affective outcomes pertain to changes in patient values (Answer C). Physiologic outcomes target physical changes in the patient (Answer D).

Tell whether the following statement is true or false. Asking a patient to plan an exercise program to lower blood pressure based on information provided to the patient in an A/V presentation is an excellent method to evaluate a physiologic outcome. A. True B. False

Answer: B. False Rationale: Asking a patient to plan an exercise program to lower blood pressure based on information provided in an A/V presentation is an excellent method to evaluate a cognitive outcome.

Evaluating Outcomes

Cognitive: asking patient to repeat information or apply new knowledge Psychomotor: asking patient to demonstrate new skill Affective: observing patient behavior and conversation Physiologic: using physical assessment skill to collect and compare data

Four Types of Outcomes

Cognitive: increase in patient knowledge Psychomotor: patient's achievement of new skills Affective: changes in patient values, beliefs, and attitudes Physiologic: physical changes in the patient

Evaluative Criteria vs. Standards

Criteria: measurable qualities, attributes, or characteristics that specify skills, knowledge, or health status Describe acceptable levels of performance by stating expected behaviors of nurse or patient Standards: levels of performance accepted and expected by the nursing staff Established by authority, custom, or consent