Evolution and Diveristy

Brown algae belong to which kingdom?

Protista

the primary organisms on Earth today are

aerobic

The order in which chordates appeared on Earth is (1) fish, (2) ___, (3) ____, (4) ___, (5)

amphibia, reptiles, birds, mammals

the primary organisms on early Earth were

anaerobic

similar adaptations that result from convergent evolution

analogous structures

Earthworms and other segmented worms belong to phylum [ annelida / arthropoda ]

annelida

Anima with jointed appendages, hard exoskeletons, and segmented bodies are classified as ____

arthropods

organisms that could make their own food using solar energy

autotrophs

With respect to the evolution of chordates, fish appeared [ before / after ] birds, and birds appeared [ before / after ] mammals

before/before

modern system of classification

binomial system

Cyanobacteria [ can / cannot ] photosynthesize

can

evolution that results in the production of similar traits and behaviors between two separate populations and/or species

convergent evolution

Having flower parts in multiples of four or five is a characteristic of [ monocots / dicots ]

dicots

process by which two populations of the same species end up having different behaviors and traits

divergent evolution

Protists [ do / do not ] have a nucleus

do

the members of an order do/do not have more in common than do the members of a class

do

Prokaryotes [ do / do not ] have a nucleus

do not

the members of a kingdom do/do not have more in common than do the members of an order

do not

a change in a population's gene pool

evolution

an organism's ability to contributed to the next generation's gene pool by producing surviving offspring

fitness

all the information that paleontologists have gathered and organized about past life

fossil record

all the genes of all the people in the whole population

gene pool

each person in the population has a distinct set of genes, different from all others

genetic variability

the phrase "____" refers to the fact that within any population of any species, genotypes vary

genetic variability

a population of animals, plants, or other organisms that are separated from exchanging genetic material with other organisms of the same species

geographic isolation

Conifers, such as pine trees, are classified as [ angiosperms / gymnosperms ]

gymnosperms

the proposal that the first living organism was a heterotroph

heterotroph hypothesis

Mushrooms and yeast are ___

heterotrophic

organisms that cannot synthesize their own food

heterotrophs

structures common in species that share a common ancestor

homologous structures

genetic variability is/is not a property of all populations

is

genetic variability is/is not attributable to random mutation

is

genetic variability is/is not caused by a species' ability to adapt to existing environmental conditions

is not

Soft-bodied animals with hard external shells are classified as ___

mollusks

Plants with parallel veins in their leaves and flower parts in multiples of 3 are classified as [ monocots / dicots ]

monocots

driving force of evolution

natural selection

Mosses and liverworts are examples of ____ plants

nonvascular

scientists classify organisms based on their evolutionary relationships

phylogeny

Amoebas and slime molds belong to which kingdom?

protista

evolution always/sometimes results in the production of a new species

sometimes

the formation of new species

speciation

largest group of organisms in which two individuals are capable of reproducing fertile offspring

species

fancy term given to the science of classification and naming

taxonomy

an anatomical feature that no longer seems to have a purpose in the current form of an organism of the given species

vestigial structures

according to the heterotroph hypothesis, ammonia was/was not a chief component of the atmosphere when life began

was

according to the heterotroph hypothesis, hydrogen was/was not a chief component of the atmosphere when life began

was

according to the heterotroph hypothesis, methane was/was not a chief component of the atmosphere when life began

was

according to the heterotroph hypothesis, oxygen was/was not a chief component of the atmosphere when life began

was not