Evolve: Med Surge: Endo, Gastro & Resp

While conducting an initial assessment on a client, which classic sign would alert the nurse that the client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? 1. Barrel chest 2. Cyanosis 3. Hyperventilation 4. Lordosis

1. Barrel chest

A nurse is planning to teach facts about hyperglycemia to a client with the diagnosis of diabetes. What information should the nurse include in the discussion about what causes diabetic acidosis? 1. Breakdown of fat stores for energy 2. Ingestion of too many highly acidic foods 3. Excessive secretion of endogenous insulin 4. Increased amounts of cholesterol in the extracellular compartment

1. Breakdown of fat stores for energy

A nurse prepares to administer metformin (Glucophage XR) to an older adult who has asked that it be crushed because it is difficult to swallow. The nurse explains that this drug cannot be crushed because it: 1. Is released slowly. 2. Is difficult to crush. 3. Irritates mucosal tissue. 4. Has an unpleasant taste if crushed

1. Is released slowly.

The nurse identifies that the dietary teaching provided for a client with diabetes is understood when the client states, "My diet: 1. Should be rigidly controlled to avoid emergencies." 2. Can be planned around a wide variety of commonly used foods." 3. Is based on nutritional requirements that are the same for all people." 4. Must not include eating any combination dishes and processed foods."

2. Can be planned around a wide variety of commonly used foods."

On the second day after an abdominoperineal resection, the nurse anticipates that the colostomy stoma will appear: 1. Dry, pale pink, and flush with the skin. 2. Moist, red, and raised above the skin surface. 3. Dry, purple, and depressed below the skin surface. 4. Moist, pink, flush with the skin, and painful when touched

2. Moist, red, and raised above the skin surface.

A client who is homeless is hospitalized for alcohol withdrawal. When considering the type of personal protective equipment that is needed for the client's care, the nurse recalls that homeless persons are at risk for: 1. Prostatitis 2. Tuberculosis 3. Osteoarthritis 4. Diverticulosis

2. Tuberculosis

A client has inoperable cancer of the head of the pancreas, and the health care provider inserts a T-tube to gravity drainage. Several days after surgery, the client reports that the skin around the T-tube is raw and uncomfortable. After assessing the skin, what should the nurse do next? 1. Reinforce dressings when they are wet 2. Cleanse the area with an antiseptic solution 3. Apply a skin barrier around the T-tube exit site 4. Change the type of adhesive tape used on the dressing

3. Apply a skin barrier around the T-tube exit site

The health care provider prescribes aminophylline to be given intravenously for the client experiencing an acute asthma attack. The nurse should instruct the client that the purpose of this medication is to act as a(n): 1. Antibiotic. 2. Antihistamine. 3. Bronchodilator. 4. Expectorant.

3. Bronchodilator.

A client has decided to become a vegan and wishes to plan a diet to ensure adequate protein quality. To provide guidance, the nurse instructs the client to: 1. Add milk to grains to provide complete proteins 2. Use eggs and plant foods to provide essential amino acids 3. Plan a careful mixture of plant proteins to provide a balance of amino acids 4. Add cheese to grains and beans to increase the quality of the protein consumed

3. Plan a careful mixture of plant proteins to provide a balance of amino acids

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. The health care provider's prescriptions include nothing by mouth and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The nurse explains that the TPN therapy: 1. Is the easiest method for administering needed nutrition 2. Is the safest method for meeting the client's nutritional requirements 3. Will satisfy the client's hunger without the discomfort associated with eating 4. Will meet the client's nutritional needs without causing the discomfort precipitated by eating

4. Will meet the client's nutritional needs without causing the discomfort precipitated by eating