exam 1-3 agov questions
which of the following is a requirement in federal legislature that forces state and local governments to comply with certain rules?
A federal mandate
The constitution would not have been ratified in several important states if the Federalists had not assured the states of which of the following?
Amendments to the constitution would be passed to protect individual liberties against incursions by the national government
what are the first ten amendments to the constitution collectively known as?
Bill of Rights
Informal methods of changing the US constitution included which of the following?
Congressional legislation, judicial review, and presidential action
The landmark Supreme Court case involving the issue of prayer in public schools is:
Engel v. Vitale
What does the incorporation doctrine do?
It is the view that the provisions of the Bill of Rights are extended to individuals for protection against action by states
Civil liberties are understood to be which of the following?
Limits on government power to interfere with personal freedoms
The Supreme Court first declared that the courts have the power to overturn government acts that conflict with the constitution in which of the following cases?
Marbury v. Madison
What is the notification that police must give a person being arrested that she or he has right to remain silent and a right to legal counsel commonly known as?
Miranda rights
As originally written, the Bill of Rights limited the activities of which levels of government?
National government, but not state
The Bill of Rights guarantees rights of the people to peaceably assemble, but the Supreme Court has allowed local governments to do which of the following?
Require permits for parades and demonstrations, allowing officials to control traffic or prevent demonstrations from turning into riots
which of the following best exemplifies the free exercise clause of the US constitution?
Separation of church and state
the protest movement of debt-ridden farmers facing foreclosures on their homes and farms was known as which of the following?
Shay's rebellion
During the constitutional deliberations, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison, to sway public opinion, wrote 85 essays known as which of the following?
The Federalists Papers
The necessary and proper Clause of Article I, Section 8 of the constitution is also known as which one of the following?
The elastic clause
The Constitution Convention of 1787 was brought about by which of the following?
The failure of the Articles of Confederation
One of the reasons the US constitution is relatively short is which of the following?
The framers only wanted the constitution to be a framework for the new government
which of the following is an example of a concurrent power?
The power to tax
what is the doctrine of dual federalism?
The state and federal governments have separate functions
what preemptive power is rooted in the constitution that allows Congress to impose national priorities on states through national legislature?
The supremacy Clause
why didn't the Framers of the Constitution create a direct democracy?
They believed that the rights of the minority would be suppressed by the majority
which of the following was true of the Federalists?
They supported the new Constitution
in what case ddi the Court rule that the section of DOMA that limited spousal recognition under federal law to a man and a woman is unconstitutional?
United States v. Windsor
one formal method of proposing an amendment to the Constitution is
a two-thirds vote in each chamber of Congress
as parental and school influences wane in adulthood, which of the following emerges as a more important socialization agent?
adult peer groups and mass media
A university uses an admission policy that gives special consideration to traditionally disadvantaged groups to overcome the present effects of past discrimination. The university is applying which of the following?
affirmative action
Which of the following was a major outcome of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
all of the above
to accurately represent the target population, a small sample should be which of the following?
all of these are correct
as a political value, how is equality defined?
all people are of equal worth
The Articles of Confederation did which of the following?
allowed the states to retain most of their power
Contrary to the Southern States' intention, which of the following was a result of the Civil War?
an increase in the political power of the national government
the twenty-fourth amendment, ratified in 1964, did which of the following?
banned poll taxes in primary and general elections for national office
which of the following caused the era of dual federalism to end?
citizens looked to the federal government to address problems created by the Great Depression
In a federal system, which of the following powers are held jointly by the national and state governments?
concurrent powers
a poll indicating that 92 percent of adults believe an education beyond high school us crucial for success in today's job market represents which of the following types of opinion?
consensus
what is the basis for power and legitimacy in American government?
consent of the governed
A government program that is funded by the national government but run and managed by state governments is emblematic of which of the following?
cooperative federalism
when students at a public elementary school are almost all latino because most of the residents in the neighborhood are Latino, this is an illustration of what type of segregation?
de facto
which of the following is the power to coin money, create naturalization laws, admit new states, and declare war?
enumerated
which of the following was one of the main actions of the second continental congress?
establishing an army and appointing a commander-in-chief
which part of the First Amendment prevents Congress from supporting one religion as the nation's official religion?
establishment
what legal principle holds that evidence collected during a search found to be unconstitutional cannot be used in trial?
exclusionary rule
in the case of Mapp v. Ohio the US Supreme Court
extended the exclusionary rule to states
which 1868 amendment's passage allowed the potential for the application of the Bill of Rights to the states which adds several restrictions on what the states can do?
fourteenth
which amendment forbade the states from denying any person "equal protection under the law"?
fourteenth
What is the constitutional protection that ensures unqualified religious freedom?
free exercise clause
which of the following is an exception to the exclusionary rule supported by the Supreme Court?
good faith exceptions may be made for officers utilizing the incorrect search warrant form
________ refers to the preeminent institution in which decisions are made that resolve conflicts or allocates benefits and privileges
government
The Lemon test includes determining whether a law does which of the following?
government involvement advances a particular religion
The contemporary political "gender gap" refers to the tendency of women to do which of the following?
identify more with the Democratic Party than men do
The comprehensive set of beliefs about the nature of people and the role of government is known as which of the following?
ideology
The Virginia Plan included which of the following?
it called for a bicameral legislature
why was the ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland significant?
it established the doctrine of implied powers
what did the USA PATRIOT act do?
it expanded the government's ability to tap phones and monitor Internet traffic
As it relates to the states, what does the full faith and credit clause mean?
it honors the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states
which of the following did the early Supreme Court generally do under Chief Justice John Marshall?
it increased national power
in the federal political system, how is authority distributed?
it is divided between the central government, with no power being granted to the regional governments
What does it mean when a state government passes a law that forbids texting while operating a vehicle?
it is exercising police powers
which of the following best describes the transfer of political attitudes and beliefs?
it is more likely to occur from parents to children
during the time of the Constitution Convention, why was federalism an appealing compromise?
it maintained state traditions while creating a strong national government to handle common problems
which of the following is true with regard to the Great Compromise?
it proposed a bicameral legislature with equal representation in the Senate
the power of the Supreme Court to declare actions of the other branches of government to be unconstitutional is known as which of the following?
judicial review
what are Jim Crow laws?
laws that were enacted by southern whites in the late nineteenth century to establish segregation
The case of Gideon v. Wainwright affirmed that the state must provide which of the following to criminal defendants?
legal counsel
An American who supports the creation of election districts that are likely to vote for minority candidates for public office and wants more restrictions on business is likely to be of what political ideology?
liberalism
The concept in which the constitution provides the fundamental structure of government and describes what the national government can and cannot do is called which of the following?
limited government
which of the following describes voters who exhibit high degrees of religiosity and attend services regularly, regardless of church affiliation?
more likely to vote republican
which of the following is true regarding the civil rights legislation that was passed by Congress after the Civil War?
much of it was very ineffective and parts were declared unconstitutional by the supreme court
While many point to slavery as the reason the civil war was fought, many others believe it was really a battle over which of the following?
national government supremacy versus the rights of the states
by august 1920, with effective lobbying by suffragists groups, three-quarters of the states ratified which amendment, guaranteeing women the right to vote in the November 1920 presidential election
nineteenth
a poll that indicates 20 percent of respondents approve of the US military assisting in issues of regional violence in Africa, 17 percent disapprove, and a majority do not know enough to answer exemplifies which of the following?
nonopinion
Where can the right to privacy be found in the Constitution?
not explicitly referenced in the Constitution
which of the following best describes the meaning of the First Amendment's free exercise clause?
people can believe whatever they want, but they cannot practice beliefs that are harmful to the public welfare
the set of ideals, values, and ways of thinking about government and politics that are shared by all citizens is known as which of the following?
political culture
the process by which people acquire political beliefs and attitudes is called what?
political socialization
the collective attitude of the citizens on a given issue is known as what?
public opinion
what was the ruling of the US Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of education of Topeka (1954)?
public school segregation of races violates the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment
in 1620, the first colonists in New England came to the New World in search of
religious freedom
The farmers of the Constitution chose to form what type of government?
republic
Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to do which of the following?
revise the Articles of Confederation
The Mayflower compact was written in order to ensure that American colonists lived under which of the following?
rule of law based on the consent of the governed
The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, respectively, is known as which of the following?
separation of powers
What did the Thirteenth amendment to the constitution abolish?
slavery
the theory that individuals form communities by mutual consent, giving up some of their individual liberty in order to gain the protection of government, is known as which of the following?
social contract
American women are more likely to support which of the following?
social welfare programs
which of the following did the fifteenth amendment do?
state that the right to vote shall not be abridged on account of race
The verdict of Plessy v. Ferguson directly resulted in which of the following?
the development of a system of legalized racial segregation
Theoretically, the colonies were governed by England, but the colonists were able to exercise a large measure of self-government for which of the following reasons?
the distance between the mother country and the colonies allowed more freedom
which of the following is the best description of the political value known as liberty?
the greatest freedom of the individual consistent with the freedom of other individuals
In a unitary system of government, the ultimate government authority is located on which of the following levels?
the national or central level
which of the following statements regarding the Gibbons v. Ogden case is true?
the power to regulate interstate commerce was determined to be an exclusive national power of the federal government
the constitution has remained largely intact for over 200 years because of which of the following?
the principles set forth in the constitution are flexible enough to meet new events and concerns
which of the following statements is correct regarding the Bill of Rights?
the rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights change over time, depending on interpretation by the Supreme Court
States were granted extra representation based on the number of slaves they held under which of the following?
the three-fifths compromise
what was the purpose of the poll tax used in many southern states?
to dissuade African Americans and poor whites from voting
North Korea is known for its lack of freedom of speech, press, and assembly. The needs of the ruler and regime are paramount, and dissent often means imprisonment or death. These are the characteristics of which of the following?
totalitarianism
the concept of separation of powers was included in the Constitution to prevent which of the following?
tyranny by either the majority or the minority
As a political document, the Mayflower Compact
was a political agreement reflecting the 17th century ideas of social contract
the Declaration of Independence reflects the philosophy of John Locke, who argued that
was a political agreement reflecting the 17th century ideas of social contract
what did the white primary in southern states allow?
whites to exclude African Americans from voting in Democratic Party primaries
