Exam 1- C&B
Behavioral observation scales(BOS)
Performance appraisal system display illustrations only of positive behaviors shown by an employee in various job dimensions.
Non-monetary
Protection programs are what type of compensation benefit?
Comparison system
Ranking employees from best employee to poorest employee, best performance receives highest ranking.
Negative halo effect
Rater's errors occur when the rater generalizes bad behavior on one aspect of the employee's job performance to the employee's overall performance.
Forced distribution Performance appraisal
Requires all employees be placed in groups that span the spectrum from well above average to well below average performance______ .
Threats and opportunities
Strategic Management involves distinguishing between ______ and ______ in attempting to achieve company goals, thus making strategic management an exact process.
Threat
Suggests that a loss is likely for the firm, and that the individual will be left with little control
Strictness errors
Supervisors tend to rate employee's performances lower than they would be if compared against objective criteria
The older Workers Benefits Protection Act(OWBPA)
The "equal benefit or equal cost principle" is part of which Act?
15
The Americans with Disabilities of 1990 (ADA) applies to companies that employ at least ___ workers.
15 Classifications
The General Schedule(GS) classifies federal government jobs into ______ based on such factors as skills, education, and experience levels.
Age Discrimination
The _____ in Employment Act of 1967 was passed by congress in order to protect workers 40 years of age and older from unlawful discrimination.
Equal Pay Act
The _____ of 163 makes it illegal to pay one sex more than the other for equal amount of work performed.
Bennett
The ______ Amendment allows female employees to charge employers with Title VII violations regarding pay only when the employer has violated the Equal Pay Act of 1963.
Pregnancy Discrimination Act
The ______ of 1978 was put in place to prohibit disparate impact discrimination from occurring against pregnant women in all employment practices, as well as to ensure that pregnancy was treated the same as any other form of disability.
Family and Medical Leave Act
The ______ of 1993 sought to provide employees with a job protection in case of a family or medical emergency
Bias errors
The halo effect effect and similar-to-me effects are considered examples of which type of rating error.
Welfare Practices
These are positive employer gestures that go beyond what was required by law, created in part to thwart potential union activity
Pay ranges
These build upon pay grades, and include maximum, minimum, and mid-point pay rates for jobs in particular pay grades.
Market-competitive pay systems
These compensation systems go a long way in attracting and retaining the most qualified employees, and are based upon market surveys and compensation surveys.
Collective bargaining agreements
These describe the terms of employment that are set between management and union bargaining representatives.
Internally consistent compensation systems
These ordered set of jobs make it easy for compensation managers to give a clear relative value for all jobs within a company.
Worker's Compensation
These programs granted income to workers who were unable to work due to injuries sustained while on the job
The Paycheck Fairness Act
This act strengthened the Equal Pay Act of 1963 by now requiring employers to show that pay disparities are job related rather than sex based. This act also prohibits employers from retaliating against employees who share their salary information.
Strategic analysis
This allows business professionals to determine where they currently stand in the market based on both the external market context and internal factors.
Article 1, section 8
This amendment to the U.S. Constitution gives congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, individual states, and Indian tribes.
Behaviorally-anchored rating scales
This appraisal system is the most defensible in court because it is based on actual observable job performance behaviors.
Line employees
This group is directly involved in producing goods and delivering services for a company.
Early Retirement Programs
This is a way in which employees often trim their payroll responsibilities by encouraging higher paid workers with more seniority to voluntarily leave the company earlier than previously planned.
Equal pay Act of 1963
This law made it illegal to pay women less for performing the equal work as men.
Americans with disabilities Act of 1990
This law makes it illegal to discriminate against people with physical and mental disabilities both within and outside employment settings, including public transportation, public accommodations, and employment.
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974(ERISA)
This law was established in order to regulate the implementation of various employee benefits and pension programs.
Positive halo effect
This occurs when a rater generalizes good performance behavior in one aspect of the job to all aspects of the job.
Rehabilitation Act
This provision mandates the federal government agencies take affirmative action in providing jobs for individuals with disabilities.
Longevity Pay
This term is defined as added pay for employees who have reached the maximum of a pay grade and who are unlikely to move into higher grades.
Concessionary
This type of bargaining occurs when unions shift from bargaining for large pay increases to simply bargaining for greater job security.
The Consolidated Omnibus Budget reconciliation Act of 1985(COBRA)
This was enacted in order to allow employees who are terminated, laid off, or have a change in their employment status to temporarily remain on the employer-sponsored medical insurance plan.
Executive order 11478
Title VII and ADEA do not protect federal government employees. Which one of the following executive orders and/or laws gives similar protection to federal government employees
The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
What U.S. Federal law established a national minimum wage for employees involved in commerce( rather than just those employed by companies working for the U.S. Government), as well as prohibit most employment of minors in oppressive child labor?
Job evaluation
What do compensation managers use to recognize differences in the relative net worth of jobs and to establish pay differentials based upon management priorities?
Job analysis
What is a systematic process for gathering, documenting, and analyzing information in order to describe jobs?
They reward employees on an objective basis
What is an advantage of seniority pay systems?
The Spillover affect
What is it called when the compensation practices in non-unionized companies mirror those found in unionized settings?
Inability to attract and retain employees
What is the primary factor that will prevent companies from growing in the next decade?
2 to 3 percent
What is the typical annual COLAs in recent years?
Pay structures
What represents the pay rate differences for jobs and employee contributions of unequal worth to a company
Total Compensation strategies
What strategy describes the use of benefit and compensation packages in order to support both HR and competitive strategies
Commitment from top management and job design
What two factors should compensation professionals consider before endorsing the use of merit based pay
Incentive Pay
What type of pay system rewards employees for partially or completely attaining a predetermined work objective?
Central Tendency
When supervisors rate all employees close to average, they commit errors of ______.
First amendment
Which amendment to the U.S. constitution made it illegal to restrict the freedom of religion, speech, and press, as well as protect the right of people to peacefully assemble.
Judicial Branch
Which branch of the federal government is responsible for interpreting laws.
Sexual orientation
Which is NOT a protected characteristic by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Executive compensation
Which issue is NOT addressed by the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938?
An employee travels from home before the regular work day and returns to his home at the end of the workday
Which of the following example is NOT considered as a compensable work activity?
-Industry's product market -degree of capital intensity -large labor market
Which of the following factors explain inter-industry wage differentials
Worker's Compensation Laws
Which of the following is NOT one of the three broad categories that discretionary benefits fall into?
Seniority Pay system
Which of the following is based on the Human capital theory?
Medical insurance, Vacations, and Day care assistance
Which of the following would be an example of non-monetary reward?
High concern for the quantity of output
Which of these actions would HR seek to encourage in attempting to create the lowest cost competitive strategy?
Pension plans
Which of these is a company sponsored program that provides income to workers throughout their retirement?
-Technological advances -foreign automobile manufacturers producing higher quality vehicles -union companies demonstrating lower profits than non union companies
Which of these was given as a reason why union influence has diminished.
Merit Pay
Which pay system is most widely used in America today?
Management by Objective
Which performance appraisal tool is most often used with managers and professional employees?
Employees, Line managers, Executives, Unions
Who are stakeholders in a company
Employees and supervisors
Who determines the particular objectives in a management by objectives(MBO) appraisal system?
Tactical
_____ decisions are made in order to support the fulfillment of strategic decisions.
Just-meaningful
_____ pay increase refers to the minimum pay increases that employees will as making a worthwhile change in compensation
Seniority
_____ pay system rewarding employees with base pay rises according to their length of service on the job
Comparison
_____ systems evaluate a given employee's performance against the performance of other employees
Intrinsic
______ Compensation refers to the mental state of employees as a result of their performance on the job.
Competitive strategy
______ is the use of company resources ( such as capital, technology, and human resources) to promote and sustain competitive advantage
Vesting
______ refers to an employee acquiring non forfeit-able rights to an employer's contribution to fund benefits.
Forced distribution
30% of employees are below-average, 40% are average, and 30% are above-average.
Differentiation strategy
A company using this competitive strategy seeks to offer a product or service that is completely unique from other competitors in their market.
Competitive advantage
A company's ability to sustain market share and profitability for several years running is what?
Disparate impact
A policy that applies to all company employees, but unintentionally hurts a protected group disproportionately would be what form of discrimination?
Errors of leniency
Appraisal error takes place when managers rate employees performance more highly than they should compared with objective criteria.
The Civil Rights Act of 1991
As a result of this law enacted by congress, employers must now show that employment practices that create disparate impact are a business necessity. This law also made it legal for US citizens working abroad for US companies to file suit.
14 years old
Based on the FLSA child labor provisions, what is the minimum age that a child must be in order to be legally employed.
Critical Incident Technique(CIT)
Behavioral performance appraisal system requires the review of past performance behaviors and outcomes in order to identify them as either successful or unsuccessful.
National Labor Relations Act
Collective Bargaining system was established by passage of which federal Act?
Pay-for-Knowledge
Companies that are implementing ______ plans generally increase the amount of classroom and on the job training, as these types of plans make training necessary rather than optional.
Human Capital
Concept that employee's knowledge and skills can be used to generate superior productivity is known as ____ theory
Legislative
Congress creates and passes laws within the ____ branch of the american Government?
Prevailing wage
Construction contractors, working on government contracts valued at more that $2,000, must pay their laborers and mechanics what type of local area based wage according to the Davis-Bacon Act of 1931.
Rating Error
Difference between the output of a human judgement process and that of an objective, accurate assessment. This difference could be due to bias, prejudice, or other subjective, extraneous influences.
Severence
Due to recent economic downturn, XYZ Co. decided to shut down on of its appliance manufacturing plants in the US and therefore 300 workers need to be laid off. XYZ Co. will award these laid off workers with 6 months of _____ pay.
Great Depression
During the ____, which took place in the 1930s, a great number of businesses failed and unemployment soared. forcing the government to intervene.
Termination
Employment ______ occurs when an employee's agreement to perform work is ended, be it voluntarily or involuntarily.
Paired comparison
Evaluation system that requires that supervisors compare each employee to every other employee, identifying the better performer in each pair?
Staff employees
Human Resource Professionals are ______, because they exist to provide support services for line employees.
Trait system
If an employee is rated as outstanding on her leadership ability she was probably rated using which appraisal system?
2.9%
In 2011, employees were expected to earn an average merit increases of?
Disparate treatment
Intentionally treating women less favorably than men solely based upon their gender would be what form of gender.
Internally Consistent
Job analysis is vital to companies that wish to establish _____ comparison systems.
Goal orientated system
Management by objective is part of which type of performance appraisal system
Just-meaningful pay increase
Minimum pay increase that employees view as a significant change in their compensation amount.
To increase the fund for the Medicare Program
PPACA and its amendment Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 are considered to be the basis for health care reform in the US. Which of the following is NOT considered to be one of the goals of this health care reform.
Errors of strictness
Performance appraisal error that reflects the tendency to rate every employee at the low end of the rating scale, regardless of actual performance
