Exam 1: Homeostasis and Metabolism

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by...

insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion

What is the cause of Addison's Disease?

it is caused by the lack of aldosterone production by the adrenal gland

What type of insulin should be used in emergent situations where the client is severely hyperglycemic or has diabetic ketoacidosis?

regular insulin (short-acting, onset less than 30 minutes)

A nurse is caring for a patient who has Cushing's Syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse be expected to perform? a. assess blood glucose level b. assess for neck vein distention c. monitor for irregular heart rate d. monitor for postural hypotension e. weigh the client daily

*A, B, E

A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following are expected findings? a. slurred speech b. bone pain c. bradypnea d. pruritus e. hypotension

A, B, D

A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome, they should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of the disorder? a. alopecia b. tremors c. moon face d. purple striations e. buffalo hump

A, C, D, E

Which is a manifestation of hypoglycemia? a. bradycardia b. cool, clammy skin c. vomiting d. fruit breath

B

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the client avoid? a. green beans b. tomatoes c. bananas d. asparagus e. raisins

B, C, E

Which of the following lab values indicates a diagnosis for diabetes mellitus? a. HbA1c 5.5% b. 2 hour blood glucose 170 mg/dL c. fasting blood glucose 155 mg/dL d. casual blood glucose 180 mg/dL

C

A client with DM1 is exhibiting tachycardia, Kussmaul respirations, nausea, and lethargy. Which complication is expected?

DKA

A client with DM1 is lying in bed, sweaty, and reporting feeling anxious. Which complication is expected?

hypoglycemia

What is the best way to prevent neuropathy and retinopathy?

by maintaining stable blood glucose levels

A client with DM1 is exhibiting warm skin, rapid respirations, and changes in mental status. Which complication is expected?

hyperglycemia

What electrolyte imbalance is expected in prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI)?

hyperkalemia

A client has heart failure and a new rx for furosemide, which lab value should be checked before administration?

potassium

Regular and NPH insulin should be kept at room temperature to minimize tissue injury and reduce risk of lipodystrophy: T or F?

true